A systematic review of the effectiveness of critical appraisal skills training for clinicians

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Taylor ◽  
Barnaby Reeves ◽  
Paul Ewings ◽  
Sarah Binns ◽  
John Keast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

scholarly journals Emergency Physicians’ Perceptions of Critical Appraisal Skills: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumintra Wood ◽  
Jacqueline Paulis ◽  
Angela Chen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Barriers To Learning ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

Abstract BackgroundCritical appraisal of medical research is a valuable skill set that emergency physicians must learn in order to become competent clinicians. Despite the need for effective critical appraisal skills training, these skills have remained difficult to teach and assess. This study aimed to explore emergency physicians’ perceptions of the barriers and motivations for learning critical appraisal skills in order to develop more successful critical appraisal training methods for Emergency Medicine (EM) residents.MethodsThis qualitative study involved in-depth semi-structured interviews with emergency physicians interested in education and administration at an urban academic hospital. Transcribed interviews were descriptively coded by three main reviewers. A coding template was developed after coding an initial set of interviews and used to code the remaining transcripts. A thematic analysis of the codes was conducted to create a summary report which was given to the interviewees as part of a member checking process to further solidify themes.ResultsFourteen emergency physicians participated in the study. They described time limitations, perceived difficulty, and disinterest as major barriers to learning critical appraisal, and patient care as well as professional identity goals of being a good educator or researcher as motivations for developing critical appraisal skills.ConclusionThere remain significant challenges to learning critical appraisal skills as well as an increasing need to build these skills during residency. Educational theories and a greater emphasis on professional identity formation during residency can be incorporated to create a more effective approach to teaching critical appraisal skills despite these barriers.

scholarly journals ReLIANT: Reader's guide to the Literature on Interventions Addressing the Need of education and Training

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (94) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Koufogiannakis ◽  
Andrew Booth ◽  
Alison Brettle
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Information Literacy Skills ◽  
And Training

Librarians need to be able to read critically published accounts of educational and training interventions (ETl) and to apply the results to their own practice. One mechanism for assisting library practitioners in doing this is the critical appraisal checklist. This article describes the process of developing such a checklist - involving a literature review of existing frameworks and experience in appraising such studies for a systematic review of information literacy skills training. The ReLIANT instrument is offered as a first attempt to equip library practitioners with a tool for use when appraising published reports of educational and training interventions.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Instruments Used for Evaluating Causal Beliefs and Perceived Heart Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Saeidi ◽  
Saeid Komasi ◽  
Angelo Compare
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Causal Beliefs ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
Grading Scales

Background: The etiologies and causal beliefs of heart disease are considered one of the 5 dimensions of health selfregulatory model. Thus, the present study aimed to review the literature and screen the appropriate tools for evaluating the causal beliefs and perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs). Methods: The review samples encompassed all published articles from 1992 to March 2017. A systematic search was conducted across 6 databases: the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, EBSCO, ProQuest, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. The qualitative evaluation of the articles was examined using the checklists of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) by 2 independent investigators. After the application of the criteria for inclusion in the study, 22 studies were obtained according to the PRISMA guidelines.  Results: A total of 10 504 (50.5% male) patients at an average age of 57.85±10.75 years participated in 22 studies under review. The results of the systematic review showed that 22 tools were available to measure PHRFs. The instruments were categorized into 4 groups of valid scales (6 studies), invalid questionnaires (6 studies), checklists (3 studies), and open-ended single items (7 studies). Only 23.2% of the measuring instruments were sufficiently valid. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that a limited number of valid tools were available to measure PHRFs. Considering the importance of studying cardiac patients’ perception of the etiology of disease and the paucity of standards and valid grading scales, it seems necessary to design and provide tools with broader content that can cover all aspects of patients’ beliefs.  

scholarly journals Systematic Review: Isometric Handgrip Exercise In Elderly With Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Enisah Enisah ◽  
Diah Ernawati ◽  
Dian Hendrawati ◽  
Dian Rahayu ◽  
Evi Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

Tujuan systematic review ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh isometric handgrip exercise (IHE) pada lanjuat usia yang mengalami hipertensi agar dapat diaplikasikan sebagai evidence-based practice (EBP) pada lansia dengan hipertensi di Panti Wredha Muhammadiyah Rancabolang, Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Systematic Review yang terdiri dari 11 daftar pertanyaan. Pembuatan rumusan pertanyaan klinis menggunakan format PICOT. Hasil systematic review diperoleh sebanyak 4 bukti penelitian, dengan 2 bukti memiliki level of evidence 2 karena menggunakan desain studi randomized controlled trial (RCT). 2 bukti lainnya memiliki level of evidence 3 karena menggunakan desain studi quasi experiment. IHE dapat dilakukan secara rutin oleh lansia dengan hipertensi di Panti ini. Hal tersebut dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mengendalikan hipertensi dan diperlukan jadwal bersama agar semua lansia dapat teratur melakukan IHE ini. Keuntungan melakukan IHE dalam waktu yang pendek secara kontinyu selama 2 menit dapat menyebabkan tekanan darah dan denyut jantung mencapai nilai yang stabil, tidak berisiko terjadi cedera, dan teknik yang dilakukan cukup mudah. IHE dapat dilakukan di mana saja, dan hanya memerlukan alat sederhana seperti menggunakan alat berbentuk bola dengan konsistensi kenyal agar bisa ditekan-tekan oleh lansia dengan hipertensi. Bahkan dapat dilakukan tanpa alat sehingga memudahkan penderita hipertensi untuk melakukan IHE tersebut.

Living With an Intestinal Stoma: A Qualitative Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1255-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concepción Capilla-Díaz ◽  
Candela Bonill-de las Nieves ◽  
Sandra Milena Hernández-Zambrano ◽  
Rafael Montoya-Juárez ◽  
José Miguel Morales-Asencio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Qualitative Systematic Review ◽  
Intestinal Stoma ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

The main aim of this article is to explore the experiences and life situations of people living with intestinal stomas. Previous studies indicated the need to investigate the concerns of ostomy patients and how these concerns can affect their quality of life and their approaches to the comprehensive conceptualization of the bodily changes. A qualitative systematic review and metasynthesis design was carried out by using the main scientific databases. Original articles from 2002 to 2015 were selected based on their qualitative methodology. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. The findings were synthesized using the metasynthesis procedure of Sandelowski. The final number of articles included was 95 and 1,982 participants. Regarding the metasummary, the data generated 191 thematic statements that were organized into eight categories. The findings support an explanatory model of the experience of people with ostomy based on three aspects: Acceptance, Adaptation, and Autonomy.

scholarly journals The Lived Experience of First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Metasynthesis of Qualitative Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 223-238
Author(s):  
Amelie Noiriel ◽  
Laurence Verneuil ◽  
Ingrid Osmond ◽  
Emilie Manolios ◽  
Anne Revah-Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
Practical Implications

Both research and care have focused on first episodes of psychosis (FEPs) as a way to address the issue of early stages of schizophrenia and to reduce the duration of untreated psychosis. The objective of this study was to explore specifically the lived experience of FEP from the point of view of patients and their families by applying a metasynthetic approach, including a systematic review of the literature and analyses of qualitative studies on the subject. This metasynthesis follows thematic synthesis procedures. Four databases were systematically searched for qualitative studies reporting FEP from the patient or family’s perspective. Article quality was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and synthesize them. Thirty-eight articles were included, covering data from 554 participants (378 patients and 176 relatives). Three themes emerged from the analyses: (1) When and how does a FEP start? (2) What are its negative and positive aspects? (3) How do patients and families recount FEPs? Our results found important discrepancies between the experiences of patients and those of their families, especially regarding positive aspects. In light of the confusion reported by patients and notable in our results, we also discuss the gap between the name, FEP, and the lived experience of patients and family members in order to explore its practical implications.

scholarly journals Health coaching provided by registered nurses described: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennieffer A. Barr ◽  
Lily P. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Health Coaching ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Produce Change ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills

Abstract Aims The aim of this systematic review and narrative synthesis was to identify how and why health coaching is delivered by Registered Nurses. Design Systematic review and narrative synthesis. Data sources Articles were identified through a search of CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, and PsychINFO databases. Articles published in English between 2010 and 2021 were included. Review Methods Quality appraisal of relevant literature was independently undertaken by two authors to assess for risk of bias. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was used to appraise quality of potential papers. Results A main purpose of coaching by Registered Nurses is to optimise patient self-care. How coaching was conducted varied across studies, with the most common coaching approaches via telephone or online. Majority of studies highlight some effectiveness of coaching by nurses; however, some results were inconclusive. Health coaching generally reduced mental distress. Other benefits reported by patients included reduced pain and fatigue. Outcomes for changing lifestyle behaviours were mixed. However, for health coaching to be efficient greater evidence is needed to determine length of time to use coaching, number of habits to focus on to produce change, and to determine best training for coaches. Conclusions Registered Nurses are most suitable for implementing health coaching for self-care, including preventing and managing chronic illness and recovering from situations like post-surgical needs. Nurses already promote health, and therefore, are skilled in educating people in self-care. Coaching is an additional strategy for motivating, targeting and assessing progress of self-care. Extending the scope of nursing practice to routinely coach in self-care would be ideal.

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