Differential learning-stage dependent patterns of c-Fos protein expression in brain regions during the acquisition and memory consolidation of an operant task in mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3803-3812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Bertaina-Anglade ◽  
Gérard Tramu ◽  
Claude Destrade
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Learning Stage ◽  
Differential Learning ◽  
Fos Protein ◽  
Operant Task

Very Early Exercise Rehabilitation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Promotes Inflammation in the Brain

2021 ◽  
pp. 154596832110063
Author(s):  
Keigo Tamakoshi ◽  
Madoka Maeda ◽  
Shinnosuke Nakamura ◽  
Nae Murohashi
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Exercise Rehabilitation ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
To Receive

Background Very early exercise has been reported to exacerbate motor dysfunction; however, its mechanism is largely unknown. Objective This study examined the effect of very early exercise on motor recovery and associated brain damage following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Methods Collagenase solution was injected into the left striatum to induce ICH. Rats were randomly assigned to receive placebo surgery without exercise (SHAM) or ICH without (ICH) or with very early exercise within 24 hours of surgery (ICH+VET). We observed sensorimotor behaviors before surgery, and after surgery preexercise and postexercise. Postexercise brain tissue was collected 27 hours after surgery to investigate the hematoma area, brain edema, and Il1b, Tgfb1, and Igf1 mRNA levels in the striatum and sensorimotor cortex using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. NeuN, PSD95, and GFAP protein expression was analyzed by Western blotting. Results We observed significantly increased skillful sensorimotor impairment in the horizontal ladder test and significantly higher Il1b mRNA levels in the striatum of the ICH+VET group compared with the ICH group. NeuN protein expression was significantly reduced in both brain regions of the ICH+VET group compared with the SHAM group. Conclusion Our results suggest that very early exercise may be associated with an exacerbation of motor dysfunction because of increased neuronal death and region-specific changes in inflammatory factors. These results indicate that implementing exercise within 24 hours after ICH should be performed with caution.

scholarly journals Methods for Assessment of Memory Reactivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 2175-2209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhao Liu ◽  
Andres D. Grosmark ◽  
Zhe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Weighted Distance ◽  
Memory Reactivation ◽  
Statistical Dependency ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
Robust Statistical Methods ◽  
Population Decoding

It has been suggested that reactivation of previously acquired experiences or stored information in declarative memories in the hippocampus and neocortex contributes to memory consolidation and learning. Understanding memory consolidation depends crucially on the development of robust statistical methods for assessing memory reactivation. To date, several statistical methods have seen established for assessing memory reactivation based on bursts of ensemble neural spike activity during offline states. Using population-decoding methods, we propose a new statistical metric, the weighted distance correlation, to assess hippocampal memory reactivation (i.e., spatial memory replay) during quiet wakefulness and slow-wave sleep. The new metric can be combined with an unsupervised population decoding analysis, which is invariant to latent state labeling and allows us to detect statistical dependency beyond linearity in memory traces. We validate the new metric using two rat hippocampal recordings in spatial navigation tasks. Our proposed analysis framework may have a broader impact on assessing memory reactivations in other brain regions under different behavioral tasks.

scholarly journals Hebbian plasticity in parallel synaptic pathways: A circuit mechanism for systems memory consolidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1009681
Author(s):  
Michiel W. H. Remme ◽  
Urs Bergmann ◽  
Denis Alevi ◽  
Susanne Schreiber ◽  
Henning Sprekeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Hebbian Plasticity ◽  
Mathematical Analyses

Systems memory consolidation involves the transfer of memories across brain regions and the transformation of memory content. For example, declarative memories that transiently depend on the hippocampal formation are transformed into long-term memory traces in neocortical networks, and procedural memories are transformed within cortico-striatal networks. These consolidation processes are thought to rely on replay and repetition of recently acquired memories, but the cellular and network mechanisms that mediate the changes of memories are poorly understood. Here, we suggest that systems memory consolidation could arise from Hebbian plasticity in networks with parallel synaptic pathways—two ubiquitous features of neural circuits in the brain. We explore this hypothesis in the context of hippocampus-dependent memories. Using computational models and mathematical analyses, we illustrate how memories are transferred across circuits and discuss why their representations could change. The analyses suggest that Hebbian plasticity mediates consolidation by transferring a linear approximation of a previously acquired memory into a parallel pathway. Our modelling results are further in quantitative agreement with lesion studies in rodents. Moreover, a hierarchical iteration of the mechanism yields power-law forgetting—as observed in psychophysical studies in humans. The predicted circuit mechanism thus bridges spatial scales from single cells to cortical areas and time scales from milliseconds to years.

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