scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo antifungal properties of silver nanoparticles against Rhizoctonia solani , a common agent of rice sheath blight disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Soltani Nejad ◽  
Gholam Hosein Shahidi Bonjar ◽  
Mehrdad Khatami ◽  
Abbas Amini ◽  
Sonia Aghighi
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Rice Sheath Blight ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Blight Disease

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Rizobakteria Dalam Menghambat Perkembangan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Daun (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.) Pada Padi Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Hanisa Desy Ariani ◽  
Noor Aidawati ◽  
Dewi Arika Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Blight Disease

One of the causes of the declining productivity of rice is sheath blight disease caused by the mold Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Control of sheath blight disease that is often done by the farmers is by using chemical pesticides (fungicides), which caused environmental problems. One way to reduce the use of pesticides is to biological control by using antagonist bacteria. This study aimed at in vitro test of rhizobacteria in preventing the development of sheath blight disease in rice plants. This research was conducted in the Phytopathology laboratory of Plant Protection Department of Faculty Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru from March to May 2018. The experiment used a randomized block design with three groups consisting of eight types of rhizobacteria isolates: (r1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala), (r2) Bacillus megaterium (Hulu Sungai Tengah), (r3) Azotobacter sp. (Barito Kuala), (r4) Pseudomonas sp. (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r5) Flavobacterium sp. (Tanah Laut), (r6) Bacillus bodius (Barito Kuala), (r7) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r8) Necercia sp. (Tanah Laut). The results showed that all rhizobacteria have the ability to inhibit the development of R. solani with different percentages of inhibitions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala) was the most effective rhizobacteria in inhibiting the development of R. solani.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Sheath Blight Disease of Rice by using Antagonistic Bacteria

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Bashar ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MN Uddin ◽  
MN Begum
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

The study was made to detect and identify antagonistic bacteria to control Rhizoctonia solani, a causal organism of sheath blight (ShB) disease of rice. Isolation of antagonistic bacteria was done from ShB infected rice leaf collected from the districts of Gazipur, Rajshahi, Bogra and Comilla. Fifty isolates of bacteria were isolated. These isolates were tested for antagonism against ShB pathogen of in PDA medium. Among the isolates of antagonistic bacteria (both fluorescent and non fluorescent), eleven produced more than 15 mm inhibition zone, were selected for this study. Remarkable inhibition zone producing ten isolates were selected to observe their antagonistic behaviour by soaking the sclerotia of Rhizoctonia solani and rice seedlings in different hours into bacterial suspension of 3.84 x 107 CFU/ml. Both the in vitro and in vivo rom showed that the sclerotial germination and sheath blight symptom expression were delayed 6-9 days. Soaking of both seedlings and sclerotia with the test bacteria was found most effective to control ShB (38% - 100%) than soaking of seedlings alone with bacterial suspension at different hours. However, BanShbFPS5 (2)B, BanShb738(3), BanShb738(2) and BanShb581(1), the four antagonistic bacterial isolates could be applied as biological agent to control sheath blight disease of rice and they could control sheath blight disease development and could delay the epidemics of the disease. Key words: Biological control; Sheath blight disease; Rhizoctonia solani; Antagonistic bacteria DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i3.6529Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(3), 225-232, 2010

scholarly journals Evolution from Natural β-Carboline Alkaloids to Obtain 1,2,4,9-tetrahydro-3-thia-9-aza-fluorene Derivatives as Potent Fungicidal Agents against Rhizoctonia solani

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junmin Xi ◽  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Qi Zhu ◽  
Guohua Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Rice Sheath Blight ◽  
Validamycin A ◽  
Rice Disease

Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a globally important rice disease and the increasing resistance of this pathogen highlights the need for new active compounds against rice sheath blight. In this study, natural β-carboline alkaloids were optimized to obtain a series of 1,2,4,9-tetrahydro-3-thia-9-aza-fluorene derivatives and evaluated for their fungicidal activity and mode of action against R. solani. Of these compounds, 18 exhibited significant in vitro fungicidal activity against R. solani, with an EC50 value of 2.35 μg/mL, and was more active than validamycin A. In vivo bioassay also demonstrated that 18 displayed superior protective and curative activities as compared to validamycin A. Mechanistically, 18 not only induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, but also interfered with DNA synthesis. Therefore, compound 18 displayed pronounced in vitro and in vivo fungicidal activity against R. solani and could be used as a potential candidate for the control of rice sheath blight.

Inactivation of phytotoxin produced by the rice sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sriram ◽  
T Raguchander ◽  
S Babu ◽  
R Nandakumar ◽  
V Shanmugam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Rice Sheath Blight ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The rice sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani, produces a toxin designated as RS-toxin, a carbohydrate compound containing mainly alpha-glucose and mannose. Different microflora were tested for RS-toxin inactivation. Isolates of Trichoderma viride inactivated this toxin when it was provided as the sole food source, and these isolates reduced the severity of toxin-induced symptoms and electrolyte leakage from rice cells. The best-performing isolate, TvMNT7, produced two extracellular proteins of 110 and 17 kDa. The high molecular mass protein was shown to have alpha-glucosidase activity. The purified 110 kDa protein was able to reduce RS-toxin activity.Key words: rice sheath blight disease, Rhizoctonia solani, RS-toxin, toxin inactivation, Trichoderma viride.

scholarly journals Penyakit Hawar Pelepah (Rhizoctonia solani) pada Padi dan Taktik Pengelolaannya

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Nuryanto
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Sheath Blight ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Mature Compost ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Short Type

Rice sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (AG-1), is one of diseases currently growing and widespread in rice-producing areas in Indonesia. Widely planting of short-type and many tillers rice varieties with high doses fertilized, especially urea, can increase the severity of sheath blight disease. Sheath blight disease is becoming increasingly important role in the rice production system, especially in intensive rice farming. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze epidemic components affecting sheath blight development to determine their management strategies. The sheath blight disease is observed to develop more severe in low areas (0−200 m above sea levels) than in the moderate and high areas, severity of disease is seen to increase in short-type many tillers rice varieties. Initial inoculum are sclerotia and the mycelia in plant debris that have an important role in the rice sheath blight development. However, sclerotia may fail to germinate due colonized by various kinds of antagonistic bacteria in the soil. Bacteria that are antagonistic to R. solani can be isolated from paddy soil containing compost. Mature compost can suppress germination of sclerotia of R. solani by 14%, while in the mature compost enriched with antagonistic bacteria can suppress the germination of sclerotia by 28%. Relative humidity and temperature around the plant affect the development of rice sheath blight disease. Relative humidity decreased 2.8% when watering is only done by flooding the trench around, and decreased by 4.4% when flooding of land only 1 time per week. Sheath blight control by implementing some components in an integrated epidemic have higher chances of success in suppressing the disease development. IntisariPenyakit hawar pelepah padi yang disebabkan oleh jamur Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (AG-1), merupakan salah satu penyakit yang saat ini berkembang dan tersebar luas di daerah-daerah penghasil padi di Indonesia. Penanaman secara luas padi varietas unggul tipe pendek beranakan banyak dan dipupuk dengan dosis tinggi terutama urea, dapat meningkatkan keparahan penyakit hawar pelepah. Penyakit hawar pelepah menjadi semakin penting peranannya di dalam sistem produksi padi sawah, terutama di daerah pertanian padi yang intensif. Oleh karena itu, perlu analisis komponen epidemi yang memengaruhi perkembangan hawar pelepah untuk menentukan strategi pengelolaannya. Pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa hawar pelepah berkembang lebih parah di daerah rendah (0−200 m dpl) daripada di daerah sedang dan tinggi, keparahan penyakit terlihat semakin meningkat pada varietas padi tipe pendek beranakan banyak. Inokulum awal berupa sklerosia dan miselium dalam serasah tanaman mempunyai peranan penting dalam perkembangan penyakit di pertanaman. Akan tetapi, sklerosia dapat gagal berkecambah karena dikoloni oleh berbagai spesies bakteri antagonis dalam tanah. Bakteri yang bersifat antagonis terhadap R. solani dapat diisolasi dari tanah sawah yang mengandung kompos. Kompos matang dapat menekan perkecambahan sklerosia sebesar 14%, sedangkan pada kompos matang yang diperkaya dengan bakteri antagonis dapat menekan perkecambahan sklerosia sebesar 28%. Kelembapan relatif dan suhu di sekitar tanaman padi memengaruhi perkembangan penyakit hawar pelepah. Kelembapan relatif menurun 2,8% ketika pengairan hanya dilakukan dengan cara penggenangan pada parit keliling, dan turun sebesar 4,4% ketika dilakukan penggenangan lahan 1 kali seminggu. Teknologi pengendalian hawar pelepah dengan menerapkan beberapa komponen epidemik secara terpadu mempunyai peluang keberhasilan tinggi dalam menekan perkembangan penyakit.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Rice Sheath Blight Disease (Rhizoctonia solani) Using Bio-pesticides and Bio-control Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
MM Rashid ◽  
MR Bhuiyan ◽  
HA Dilzahan ◽  
MA Hamid ◽  
N Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Blight Disease

A series of experiments were conducted in Plant Pathology Laboratory at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur to know the efficacy of four bio-pesticides Recharge, Microtech1, Agroplus and Chitin and two bio-control agents (Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis) on the major rice disease sheath blight (ShB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani in in-vitro and field condition. One fungicide Nativo (Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25%) and one disease control (without any treatments) were also included as treatment for comparison. Radial mycelia growth of R. solani was mostly inhibited by a Bangladesh Trichoderma harzianum (BT1), Recharge and chemical fungicide Nativo 75 G at 48 hours of dual contact of R. solani and tested bio-pesticides or bio-control agents in in-vitro. The other bio-pesticides along with B. subtilis didn’t show any inhibition effect on the mycelia growth of R. solani which was similar to control (only water) treatment. Fungal inhibition 87.5% and 86.3% of Rhizoctonia solani was obtained by Recharge and Trichoderma harzianum (BT1), respectively which was nearly similar to the chemical treatment Nativo (96.3%) in in-vitro dual culture method compared to control treatment. In net house condition, 74% sheath blight disease was inhibited by soil application of Recharge (0.3 g/m2 with 50 ml water) for two times at the time of transplanting and 30 days after transplanting (DAT), whereas similar soil application of B. subtilis (OD600=0.3) was not found effective to control the ShB disease (< 30% disease reduction). The highest ShB disease was reduced by the chemical control Nativo 75 G (94.2%) followed by BT1 (89%), bio-pesticide Recharge (70.8%), Microtech1 (37.4%) and Chitin (61.3%) compared with the disease control when the tested materials were sprayed for two times (3 days before and 4 days after inoculation). Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (1): 47-58, 2020

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT DISEASE (Rhizoctonia solani KUHN) IN CORN WITH FORMULATED Bacillus subtilis BR23

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amran Muis ◽  
Arcadio J. Quimio
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. causing banded leaf and sheath blight diseases is one of the important fungi of corn world wide. The fungus is commonly controlled by using fungicide because no resistant variety available. The objective of the study was to develop a seed treatment formulation of the selected Bacillus subtilis to control R. solani in corn. The study was conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Bañòs, College, Laguna from May 2004 to August 2005, using sweet corn var. IPB Supersweet as test plant. Corn seeds were surface sterilized for 10 minutes in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and 5% ethanol, washed thrice with sterile distilled water and air-dried. The seeds were coated with formulated B. subtilis BR23 and used for several experiments, such as evaluation for their germination and growth in the laboratory, effectively on R. solani in the baked and nonbaked field soil under greenhouse condition, and in the microplots artificially infested with R. solani. The treatment was compared with other standard seed treatment of synthetic fungicides such as captan (10 g per kg seeds) and metalaxyl (10 g per kg seeds). The experiments were designed in a completely random design with three replications. Parameters observed were seed germination, plant height, disease scores, and plant yield. Laboratory formulated B. subtilis BR23 used as seed treatment had no detrimental effects on seed germination and seedling vigor. In microplots artificially infested with a selected highly virulent R. solani, seed treatment with the same formulation increased grain yield by 27% compared to that of the control captan seed treatment with 14.4%. The studies showed the potential of B. subtilis BR23 for commercialization as a seed treatment for the control of banded leaf and sheath blight disease (R. solani) in corn.

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