scholarly journals Variability and course of occurrence of ice cover on selected lakes of the Gnieźnieńskie Lakeland (Central Poland) in the period 1976–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogumił Nowak ◽  
Dominik Nowak ◽  
Mariusz Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Winter Half ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Ice Phenomena

The paper presents the analysis of the course of ice phenomena on four lakes (Lednica, Żnińskie Duże, Biskupińskie, Powidzkie) in central Poland in the period 1976–2015. The obtained results show changes in their ice regime that occurred over the last 40 years. An advance of the term of decline of ice cover was determined (by 2.5 day·dec-1on average for all lakes), as well as a reduction of duration of ice cover (by 4.4 day·dec-1 on average for all lakes), and a decrease in its maximum thickness (by 2 cm·dec-1 on average for all lakes). Such a situation should be associated with the observed warming, as confirmed by the course of air temperature for station Gniezno, where in the period of the winter half-year (November-April), an increase in temperature was recorded by 0.37°C·dec-1.

scholarly journals The ice regime of Lake Raduńskie Górne (Kashubian Lakeland, northern Poland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Barańczuk ◽  
Elżbieta Bajkiewicz-Grabowska ◽  
Katarzyna Barańczuk ◽  
Wojciech Staszek
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
Winter Half ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Cover Thickness ◽  
Ice Phenomena ◽  
Ice Phenology

AbstractThe paper presents assessment results of the ice dynamics on Lake Raduńskie Górne (Upper Radunia Lake) based on long-term observations of the course of ice phenomena. Interannual changes in lake ice phenology parameters (freeze-onset, ice-on, freeze duration, melt-onset, permanent ice cover duration, ice-off, melt duration) in the years 1961–2010 are discussed. In addition, the ice cover thickness was taken into consideration. The analysed parameters of ice phenology were compared to each other as well as to the mean air and water temperatures of the winter half-year (November–April). The main periods of the ice regime of the lake have been determined and described. The permanent ice cover constitutes on average 79%, freeze-up period 13%, and break-up period 8% of the whole time of ice phenomena. It was shown that the weather parameters crucial for ice formation are the mean air and surface water temperatures. On Lake Raduńskie Górne the ice phenomena can only occur when mean air temperature in the winter half-year, at Borucino wheather station, is lower than 4.9°C, and water temperature (at a depth of 0.4 m) is lower than 5.7°C. In turn permanent ice cover is created when the mean air temperature of the winter half-year is lower than 3.9°C. The maximum and mean ice cover thickness on Lake Raduńskie Górne ranged, respectively, from 0.5 to 50 cm, and from 0.5 to 38.3 cm. These parameters were strongly positively correlated (r = 0.87–0.88, p <0.05) with the duration of the ice cover period.

scholarly journals The ice regime of Lake Ostrzyckie (Kashubian Lakeland, northern Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Barańczuk ◽  
Jacek Barańczuk
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Lake Ice ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
Northern Poland ◽  
Freezing Period ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Ice Phenomena

Abstract The article presents the ice phenology of Lake Ostrzyckie, which is a water body covering an area of 308 ha located in the central part of the Kashubian Lakeland, northern Poland. The analysis presented in the article is based on data from daily ice phenomena monitoring for the period of 1971–2010. Data including forms of lake ice, as well as the thickness of the ice cover were obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water. In order to present relations between the ice phenomena and air temperature the meteorological data from the Gdańsk University Limnological Station in Borucino were used. The article presents changes in the duration time of the ice seasons and changes in the ice cover duration time in relation to winter season (November–April) temperatures. The structure of the ice phenomena duration period observed on Lake Ostrzyckie consists of three different stages of ice cover formation. 94% of this time the lake is covered by permanent ice cover, the freezing period takes about 5%, and the break-up takes only 1% of the ice phenomena duration period. In general the ice phenomena in the lake can occur only in the years when the average air temperature in the winter is lower than 5.0°C, whereas the permanent ice cover is created when the average air temperature of the winter season is lower than 4.8°C. The maximum thickness of the ice cover is usually 23 cm, and the average is 14 cm.

scholarly journals Variations of indicative dates of ice regime on Lake Onego based on ground air temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav N. Baklagin
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Early Formation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Ice Period ◽  
Ice Phenomena

The paper shows the changes in the dates (complete freeze-up, ±5 days/°C and complete ice clearance, ±3 days/°C) of the ice regime in Lake Onego depending on changes in average air temperature within the preceding two-month periods (autumn and spring). The regression equations for their calculation based on previous three- and four-month periods according to the 2000-2018 data are also provided. Indicative dates of ice regime based on accumulated air temperatures within the ice period of Lake Onego were also established (early formation of ice phenomena, complete freeze-up phase, beginning of the break-up phase and complete ice clearance). Together with the data on expected air temperature above the lake’s surface, these dependencies enable us to predict the indicative dates of the ice regime.

scholarly journals Long-Term Variability in the Course of Ice Phenomena on the Vistula River in Toruń

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław Pawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
River Control ◽  
Ice Phenomena

Abstract Our first information of ice cover on the Vistula River in Poland dates from the Middle Ages. However, only since the 19th century have continuous observations been available. This study makes use of a data series, obtained mainly from IMGW (Institute of Meteorology and Water Management), covering the years 1861-2003 for ice phenomena and 1814-2003 for ice cover. Considerable shortening has been observed in the duration of both ice phenomena (from 60-120 days to 30-80 days) and ice cover (from 40-100 days to 20-60 days). These trends correspond well with the trend in winter temperatures becoming warmer. However, the transformation of the ice regime on the Vistula River in Toruń has also been affected by the river control, the construction and operation of the Włocławek Dam and (to a lesser degree than at Korzeniewo) icebreaking activities.

scholarly journals Changes in the course of ice phenomena on Morskie Oko in the Tatra Mountains from 1963 to 2012 and the implications for tourism

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław Pawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cover ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
The Tatra Mountains ◽  
Ice Phenomena

AbstractThe article presents changes in the course of ice phenomena on Lake Morskie Oko over 50 years. It comprises detailed data of the course of the main parameters of ice regime of the lake in the years 1963–1970. Such a reference period yielded substantial differences in the obtained values of trends in comparison with the period 1971–2010, which is most common in literature. The trends obtained differed substantially from those describing the years 1971–2010, and the change in the parameters – scaled to a year of the analysed period – was about half the size. Attention was also drawn to the practical aspect of the changes in the duration and thickness of ice cover on the lake. In the years 1963–2012 the period of safe movement on the frozen lake was reduced by only 10 days.

scholarly journals The statistical relation/coherence between ice-regimes of Lake Raduńskie Górne and Lake Ostrzyckie

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Jacek Barańczuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Statistical Relation ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
The University ◽  
Ice Phenomena ◽  
Cover Pattern

AbstractThis article is an attempt to analyse and compare several selected parameters regarding ice phenomena using the correlation analysis of two lakes, which are benchmark lakes located in the central part of the Kashubian Lakeland. These lakes are: Raduńskie Górne, a larger one (387.2 hm2) and Ostrzyckie, a smaller one covering an area of 308.0 hm2. The analysis covered measurement sequences for the period 1971–2010. The material for analysis regarding data on ice phenomena on Lake Raduńskie Górne was obtained from the University of Gdańsk Limnological Station in Borucino while the data for Lake Ostrzyckie was obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW). Relations between the following parameters of the ice regime were analysed: duration of the ice phenomena, duration of the ice cover, average and maximum thickness of the ice cover. The analysis and data comparisons have revealed that there are strong and very strong relations between the analysed parameters, which made it possible to develop proper statistical models. Hence, should there be a lack of data on the ice-cover pattern for one of these lakes it is possible to recreate them using the elaborated empirical models and data for the other.

scholarly journals The ice phenomena dynamics of small anthropogenic water bodies in the Silesian Upland, Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksymilian Solarski
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Cover Thickness ◽  
Ice Phenomena

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of the process of a course of ice creation phenomena in two small water bodies located in the Silesian Upland. The studies and observations of ice formation on the water bodies were conducted during the period 10th November 2011 to 23rd March 2012. The following parameters were determined each day: degree of ice coverage on each water body, thickness and ice structure and thickness of snow cover on each water body. From the studies it results that a course of the ice formation of both water bodies was almost identical. The same maximum ice thickness was recorded in both cases. It was 36 cm in that season, with slight differences in average thickness. The course of particular phases of ice formation in different water regions was also very similar. The number of days with the ice phenomena and the number of days from the beginning to the end of the ice phenomena were identical in both cases, being 96 and 131 days, respectively. The slight differences over several days were recorded in the case of: number of days with shore ice (lb), number of days with partial ice cover (lcz), number of days with an incomplete ice cover (lnp), number of breaks in the ice cover (B). Additionally, with daily measurements of ice cover thickness the relationships between the course of the average daily air temperature from the meteorological station of Faculty of Earth Sciences of University of Silesia and the daily changes in the ice thickness in the water regions in question were determined by using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. In both cases the relationships were strong and they were r= −0,84(p<0,001) for the Amendy water body and r= −0,87 (p<0,001) for the Żabie Doły S water body. The maximum and average ice thickness, duration of the ice phenomena and ice cover and the obtained correlation coefficients between the air temperature and the changes in the ice thickness show that the water bodies in question are characterized by a quasi-natural ice regime.

scholarly journals Effect of climate warming on a change in thermal and ice conditions in the largest lake in Poland – Lake Śniardwy

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Ptak ◽  
Mariusz Sojka ◽  
Bogumił Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Pettitt Test ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Temperature

AbstractLake Śniardwy is the largest among more than 7000 Polish lakes. So far, it has not been a subject of detailed investigations concerning long-term changes in water temperature or ice regime. A considerable change in thermal and ice conditions has been observed in the period 1972–2019. Mean annual water temperature increased by 0.44°C dec−1 on average, and was higher than an increase in air temperature (0.33°C dec−1). In the monthly cycle, the most dynamic changes occurred in April (0.77°C dec−1). In the case of ice cover, it appeared increasingly later (5.3 days dec−1), and disappeared earlier (3.0 days dec−1). The thickness of ice cover also decreased (2.4 cm dec−1). Statistical analysis by means of a Pettitt test showed that the critical moment for the transformations of the thermal and ice regime was the end of the 1980’s. In addition to the obvious relations with air temperature for both characteristics, it was evidenced that the occurrence of ice cover depended on wind speed and snow cover. The recorded changes in the case of Lake Śniardwy are considered unfavourable, and their consequences will affect the course of physical, chemical, and biological processes in the largest lake in Poland.

scholarly journals ICE PHENOMENA IN THE WARTA RIVER IN POZNAŃ IN 1961– 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Kornaś
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cover ◽  
Frazil Ice ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Ice Jam ◽  
Maximum Duration ◽  
Gauge Station ◽  
Freeze Date ◽  
Ice Floes ◽  
Ice Phenomena

Abstract The article presents variability of ice phenomena in the Warta River in Poznań based on data recorded in the water gauge station in Poznań - Roch Bridge in 1961-2010. The work aims to characterize and analyze ice phenomena and related hazards. First dates (freeze date), last dates (thaw date) and duration of ice phenomena and particular forms of ice, i.e. frazil ice, border ice, ice cover, ice floes and ice jam, were determined. In case of ice cover, its thickness was also analyzed. In the analyzed period, ice phenomena in the Warta River in Poznań had the maximum duration of 118 days, the earliest date appearance was on November 7 and the last on March 28. The first ice form to appear was frazil ice, the last ice floes and the longest lasting - ice floes. In the entire analyzed period, 15 winter seasons featured ice cover. The longest duration of ice cover was 29 days and its maximum thickness was 8 cm.

scholarly journals Changeability of the Ice Cover on the Lakes of Northern Poland in the Light of Climatic Changes

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajmund Skowron
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Northern Poland ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Instrumental Observations ◽  
Indirect Indicator ◽  
Ice Regime

Abstract The study is based upon instrumental observations of ice covers which formed on the lakes in northern Poland in the period 1956-2005 and records of air temperature measured at 9 meteorological stations in the period 1960-2005. Relations between mean dates of ice cover freeze-up, ice cover duration, maximum ice thickness, and also other properties of ice regime indicate obvious dependency upon air temperatures in winter months (December-February). Both air temperatures and main properties of ice covers revealed definite trends, showing the increase in air temperature in winter (0.04-0.06°C year-1), earlier disappearance of ice cover (0.5-0.6 day year-1), its shorter duration (0.6-0.7 day year-1), and decreases in maximum thickness of the ice cover (0.2-0.25 cm year-1). The author shows considerable statistical relations between main properties of the course of the ice cover, air temperatures in winter and the NAO winter indexes. Therefore, changeability of the ice covers on the lakes in northern Poland in the latter half of the twentieth century may be treated as another proof and an indirect indicator of climatic changes undergoing in this part of Europe.

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