scholarly journals The Reeds Performance Study on Traditional Architecture as Building Material in Wae Rebo Village

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 04015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indri L. Juwono ◽  
Dalhar Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
The People ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Architectural Research

The use of natural materials in traditional architecture has the advantage that the natural resources are owned together by the people living around the resources, the distance is not too far away from the settlement, the extraction resource’s process didn’t spend a lot of energy, and it’s more environmental friendly because easy to decompose and return to nature. Natural material as an element in traditional architecture become important as part of architectural research, not only to preserve the form, but also to pass on local knowledge about the traditional architectural construction process. One of the dominant materials for building’s roof located on small islands along the banks of the Indian Ocean is reed roof. It is derived from tall grassshaped grasses with the latin name Imperata cylindrica. This study aims to explore the material’s potential of reeds as a local identity by tracing local-based techniques/indigeneous utilization of reeds in traditional architecture in Indonesia. By tracing the way the reeds are utilized, we can find technical performance that makes the reeds useful as building materials that survive for hundreds of years which is also known of the life cycle process. The methods were by doing interviews and observation at traditional settlements at Wae Rebo and by measuring the reeds’ performance in each cycle of life cycle so that we could identify the causes of reeds decay. From these methods it would be revealed how humidity influenced at each stage of the life cycle ranging from extraction to maintenance, and to the strength of reeds. The traditional treatment on the process of the reeds maintenance could reduce moisture and extend the life of the reed roof.

scholarly journals Nilai Teologis Arsitektur Tradisional Masyarakat Hindu di Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
I Made Pasek Subawa
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
The People ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The traditional architecture of Hindu society in Bali is a blend of material and spiritual dimensions. The combination of these two dimensions form the energy and strength in the building that is created, so, it can give a sense of comfort and quiet in the person who occupy it. In the belief of Balinese, the people of Bali, the process of building construction is not just to build, but it is done by stages and careful planning, from the selection of good days, the selection of building materials, up to<br />the means of ceremony. The stage is implemented because the building is not only used as a residence, but also used as a place to carry out various ceremonial activities. This is what causes the traditional Balinese architecture has a spiritual value that makes the building has magical power that can make people who occupy it to be comfortable and quiet.</p>

Identifikasi Perubahan Fungsi Ruang pada Rumah Tinggal Joglo Studi kasus : Rumah Joglo di Desa Keji,Kecamatan Muntilan, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah

PRAXIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Maria Damiana Nestri Kiswari
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The People ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract A house is a building that has function to live in a certain period. The house has some spaces and rooms that accomodate all inhabitans’activities. In Javanese culture, philosophy of house is more than a place where all the people stay and live, communicate each other. The spaces and rooms of the house have specific meanings. Joglo is a name of Javanese traditional house partiularly in Central Java. As a traditional Javanese houses in the modern era, the existence of Joglo houses is interesting to be studied. The study is to identify the room arrangement and the change in function of spaces and rooms in Joglo house. It was conducted on one house in Keji Village, Muntilan District, Magelang Regency. The house is a residence of the former headman of Keji village. It has been choosen because it has Joglo tipical roof and its appeareance is still traditional house. This study uses a descriptive quality method which is by observing and defining the spaces and the rooms in the Joglo house along with their functions and activities inside. By studying this Joglo house, an overview and understanding of the changes in the spaces and room in the traditional architecture of Central Java in the present time will be obtained. Keywords: Joglo house, space and room, change in function Abstrak Rumah merupakan bangunan yang memiliki fungsi untuk bertempat tinggal dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Sehingga sebagai tempat tinggal rumah memiliki ruang-ruang untuk menampung aktivitas penghuninya. Dalam budaya Jawa, fisosofi tentang rumah merupakan tempat yang memiliki makna lebih dari sekedar tempat bernaung dan berkumpul keluarga. Joglo merupakan bentuk arsitektur dari rumah tinggal tradisional di Jawa khususnya Jawa Tengah. Sebagai rumah tradisional Jawa, keberadaan rumah Joglo yang masih ada di jaman sekarang ini, menjadi menarik untuk dipelajari tatanan ruang-ruangnya dan perubahan dari fungsi ruang-ruang tersebut. Untuk mempelajari dan memahami aristektur Joglo dan perubahan fungsi ruang yang ada di dalamnya, dilakukan penelitian terhadap salah satu rumah tinggal di Desa Keji, Kecamatan Muntilan, Kabupaten Magelang. Penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metoda deskriptif kualitati yaitu dengan mengamati dan mengidentifikasi ruang-ruang yang ada di rumah Joglo beserta fungsi dan aktivitasnya. Dengan meneliti rumah Joglo ini akan didapatkan gambaran dan pemahaman terhadap perubahan fungsi ruang-ruang yang ada dalam arsitektur tradisional khususnya Jawa Tengah. Kata kunci : rumah joglo, fungsi ruang, perubahan fungsi

Age and architecture of the largest African Baobabs from Mayotte, France

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Patrut ◽  
Roxana Patrut ◽  
Laszlo Rakosy ◽  
Karl von Reden
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
General State ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Open Ring ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Ring Shaped Structure ◽  
Comoro Islands

The volcanic Comoro Islands, located in the Indian Ocean in between mainland Africa and Madagascar, host several thousand African baobabs (Adansonia digitata). Most of them are found in Mayotte, which currently belongs to France, as an overseas department. We report the investigation of the largest two baobabs of Mayotte, the Big baobab of Musical Plage and the largest baobab of Plage N’Gouja. The Big baobab of Musical Plage exhibits a cluster structure and consists of 5 fused stems, out of which 4 are common stems and one is a false stem. The baobab of Plage N’Gouja has an open ring-shaped structure and consists of 7 partially fused stems, out of which 3 stems are large and old, while 4 are young. Several wood samples were collected from both baobabs and analyzed via radiocarbon dating. The oldest dated sample from the baobab of Musical Plage has a radiocarbon date of 275 ± 25 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated calendar age of 365 ± 15 yr. On its turn, the oldest sample from Plage N’Gouja has a radiocarbon date of 231 ± 20 BP, which translates into a calibrated age of 265 ± 15 yr. These results indicate that the Big baobab of Musical Plage is around 420 years old, while the baobab of Plage N’Gouja has an age close to 330 years. In present, both baobabs are in a general state of deterioration with many broken or damaged branches, and the Baobab of Plage N’Gouja has several missing stems. These observations suggest that the two baobabs are in decline and, most likely, close to the end of their life cycle.

scholarly journals Circular economy in the construction sector: advancing environmental performance through systemic and holistic thinking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Sparrevik ◽  
Luitzen de Boer ◽  
Ottar Michelsen ◽  
Christofer Skaar ◽  
Haley Knudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Recursive Structure ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Environmental Effectiveness ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe construction sector is progressively becoming more circular by reducing waste, re-using building materials and adopting regenerative solutions for energy production and biodiversity protection. The implications of circularity on construction activities are complex and require the careful evaluation of impacts to select the appropriate path forward. Evaluations of circular solutions and their environmental effectiveness are often performed based on various types of life cycle-based impact assessments. This paper uses systemic thinking to map and evaluate different impact assessment methodologies and their implications for a shift to more circular solutions. The following systemic levels are used to group the methodologies: product (material life cycle declarations and building assessments), organisation (certification and management schemes) and system (policies, standards and regulations). The results confirm that circular economy is integrated at all levels. However, development and structure are not coordinated or governed unidirectionally, but rather occur simultaneously at different levels. This recursive structure is positive if the methods are applied in the correct context, thus providing both autonomy and cohesion in decision making. Methods at lower systemic levels may then improve production processes and stimulate the market to create circular and innovative building solutions, whereas methods at higher systemic levels can be used, for example, by real estate builders, trade organisations and governments to create incentives for circular development and innovation in a broader perspective. Use of the performance methods correctly within an actor network is therefore crucial for successful and effective implementation of circular economy in the construction sector.

scholarly journals On the Thermal Stresses Due to Weathering in Natural Stones

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
William Hideki Ito ◽  
Talita Scussiato ◽  
Federico Vagnon ◽  
Anna Maria Ferrero ◽  
Maria Rita Migliazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Physical Weathering ◽  
Mechanism Of Degradation ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Natural Stones

Natural weathering is known as one of the key mechanisms causing degradation in building materials. Great efforts have been made to develop new materials and new processes for protecting those that already exist. Natural stones are an example of a natural material that has been extensively used for building construction since ancient times. In addition, they fit durability, aesthetic, and mechanical requirements. Thus, they still have great importance in the construction business nowadays. Though chemical interactions in natural stones, such as oxidation or hydrolyses, have been widely studied, in the last few decades, the physical weathering due to daily temperature variations has begun to be considered as a key mechanism of degradation and has been incorporated in international standards. This process is particularly important in calcitic marble slabs, where it can cause extensive damages to facades. Consequently, there are restrictive rules for the use of marble as an external coating material in many countries. In this paper, the thermal stresses induced by daily variations in temperature are calculated using geographic and meteorological information. The concept of sol-air temperature is used to estimate the temperatures of the hidden and exposed surfaces of a slab, and Fourier’s law and the theory of elasticity are used to calculate the temperature and stress distribution, respectively. The proposed methodology allows for a detailed reconstruction of the stress induced inside marble slabs using parameters commonly acquired in meteorological stations as input data. The developed methodology was validated by comparing in-situ measurements of the temperature of a building in Pescara (Central Italy). A good correlation between the theoretical and real temperatures was found; in particular, the peak tensile stresses inside the slabs were estimated at 75 kPa.

scholarly journals The Castle in Prószków as an Example of the Palazzo in Fortezza Architecture Trend in Poland

Arts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Andrzej Legendziewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Marcinów
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Architectural Research ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper presents the results of a research that was carried out in a castle in Prószków, a town near Opole, Poland. The investigations were based on the conducted architectural research, including iconographic studies and the analysis of the technology, building materials, and architectural details. The conducted research demonstrated that the Renaissance structure in question was built by Baron Jerzy Prószkowski as a palazzo in fortezza, most likely in the years 1563–1571. The residence is planned around a rectangular courtyard with four bastion towers. The scope of the architectural transformations of the complex during the baroque period and the 19th century was also presented. In the summary, it was highlighted that the castle is one of the first buildings located north of the Alps that refers to the designs of Villa Farnese in Caprarolli, which was designed by Giacomo Barozzi da Vignioli. It is in the style of palazzo in Fortezza, similar to residences in Czechia, Silesia, and Poland. Here, we emphasized the uniqueness of the complex, which stands out from other residences in Silesia and areas of the former Republic of Poland due its original form and innovative solutions.

scholarly journals Application of Plastic Wastes in Construction Materials: A Review Using the Concept of Life-Cycle Assessment in the Context of Recent Research for Future Perspectives

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3549
Author(s):  
Tulane Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Daiane Cecchin ◽  
Markssuel Teixeira Marvila ◽  
Mugahed Amran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Alternative Processes

The urbanization process contributes to the growth of solid waste generation and causes an increase in environmental impacts and failures in the management of solid waste. The number of dumps is a concern due to the limited implementation and safe disposal of this waste. The interest in sustainable techniques has been growing in relation to waste management, which is largely absorbed by the civil construction sector. This work aimed to review plastic waste, especially polyethylene terephthalate (PET), that can be incorporated with construction materials, such as concrete, mortars, asphalt mixtures, and paving. The use of life-cycle assessment (LCA) is related, as a tool that allows the sustainability of products and processes to be enhanced in the long term. After analyzing the recent literature, it was identified that studies related to plastic wastes in construction materials concentrate sustainability around the alternative destination of waste. Since the plastic waste from different production chains are obtained, it was possible to affirm the need for a broader assessment, such as the LCA, providing greater quantification of data making the alternative processes and products more sustainable. The study contributes to enhance sustainability in alternative building materials through LCA.

scholarly journals Integration of Emergy Analysis with Building Information Modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7990
Author(s):  
Suman Paneru ◽  
Forough Foroutan Jahromi ◽  
Mohsen Hatami ◽  
Wilfred Roudebush ◽  
Idris Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Emergy Analysis ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Building Information

Traditional energy analysis in Building Information Modeling (BIM) only accounts for the energy requirements of building operations during a portion of the occupancy phase of the building’s life cycle and as such is unable to quantify the true impact of buildings on the environment. Specifically, the typical energy analysis in BIM does not account for the energy associated with resource formation, recycling, and demolition. Therefore, a comprehensive method is required to analyze the true environmental impact of buildings. Emergy analysis can offer a holistic approach to account for the environmental cost of activities involved in building construction and operation in all its life cycle phases from resource formation to demolition. As such, the integration of emergy analysis with BIM can result in the development of a holistic sustainability performance tool. Therefore, this study aimed at developing a comprehensive framework for the integration of emergy analysis with existing Building Information Modeling tools. The proposed framework was validated using a case study involving a test building element of 8’ × 8’ composite wall. The case study demonstrated the successful integration of emergy analysis with Revit®2021 using the inbuilt features of Revit and external tools such as MS Excel. The framework developed in this study will help in accurately determining the environmental cost of the buildings, which will help in selecting environment-friendly building materials and systems. In addition, the integration of emergy into BIM will allow a comparison of various built environment alternatives enabling designers to make sustainable decisions during the design phase.

Spatial and Temporal Continuities of Merchant Networks in South Asia and the Indian Ocean (1500-2000)

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita Dharampal-Frick ◽  
Bhaswati Bhattacharya ◽  
Jos Gommans
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South Asia ◽  
The People ◽  
Merchant Networks ◽  
The Indian Ocean

AbstractWe believe ourselves to be the most astute men that one can encounter, and the people here surpass us in everything. And there are Moorish merchants worth 400,000 to 500,000 ducats. And they can do better calculations by memory than we can do with the pen. And they mock us, and it seems to me that they are superior to us in countless things, save with sword in hand, which they cannot resist.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Environmental Assessment of Light Steel Framed Buildings with Cement-Based Walls and Floors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10686
Author(s):  
Mona Abouhamad ◽  
Metwally Abu-Hamd
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment Methodology ◽  
Building Information Model ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Materials Used

The objective of this paper is to apply the life cycle assessment methodology to assess the environmental impacts of light steel framed buildings fabricated from cold formed steel (CFS) sections. The assessment covers all phases over the life span of the building from material production, construction, use, and the end of building life, in addition to loads and benefits from reuse/recycling after building disposal. The life cycle inventory and environmental impact indicators are estimated using the Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings. The input data related to the building materials used are extracted from a building information model of the building while the operating energy in the use phase is calculated using an energy simulation software. The Athena Impact Estimator calculates the following mid-point environmental measures: global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential, human health potential, ozone depletion potential, smog potential, eutrophication potential, primary and non-renewable energy (PE) consumption, and fossil fuel consumption. The LCA assessment was applied to a case study of a university building. Results of the case study related to GWP and PE were as follows. The building foundations were responsible for 29% of the embodied GWP and 20% of the embodied PE, while the CFS skeleton was responsible for 30% of the embodied GWP and 49% of the embodied PE. The production stage was responsible for 90% of the embodied GWP and embodied PE. When benefits associated with recycling/reuse were included in the analysis according to Module D of EN 15978, the embodied GWP was reduced by 15.4% while the embodied PE was reduced by 6.22%. Compared with conventional construction systems, the CFS framing systems had much lower embodied GWP and PE.

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