Spent sulphite liquor utilization by xylose-assimilating yeast pachysolen tannophilus, capable of bioethanol producing

The xylose-assimilating capacity of yeast Pachysolen tannophilus to utilize sugars in spent sulphite liquor samples (pulp mill waste) with a different concentration of hexoses and pentoses was studied. The consumption of hexoses (D-glucose, D-mannose, D-galactose) and pentose (D-xylose) in such substrates reached 90.0-97.5% and 49.12-67.45%, respectively. The ethanol production from sugars in spent sulphite liquor by different strains of the yeast P. tannophilus was demonstrated. The maximum specific rate and ethanol yield reached 9.32-11.45 g l-1 and 0.28-0.37 g g sugars-1, respectively. Thus, the principle possibility of using xylose-assimilating P. tannophilus yeast to obtain bioethanol from sulfite liquor with a different ratio of hexoses and pentoses was proved. According to theoretical calculations, this method will provide up to 42.6 liters of ethanol from 100 kg of sulfite liquor containing 55.6% D-xylose, 24.7% D-glucose, 8.7% D-mannose, 7.6% D-galactose, 3.7% L-arabinose. A future-oriented perspective on bioethanol production from pulp and paper industry wastes by the yeast P. tannophilus is considered.

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VOC Fate Model Verification at Multiple Pulp Mill Wastewater Treatment Sites

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0420 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 26 (1-2) ◽

pp. 407-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D. A. Barton ◽

J. J. McKeown ◽

W. Chudyk

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Model Verification ◽

Initial Model ◽

Gas Sampling ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Fate Model

A model of organic compound removal by biological wastewater treatment processes receiving pulp and paper industry wastewaters has been developed and initial model verification performed at a single mill site. This paper presents the results of further model verification conducted at multiple mill sites, including replication of the original site. In addition, VOC losses at other unit processes are quantified. Activated sludge basin chloroform volatilization rates are predicted to within twelve percent of the measured rates. Predicted overall methanol removals are consistent with observed removals although difficulties encountered during off-gas sampling preclude determination of the extent of removal due to volatilization.

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Energy efficient aeration of wastewaters from the pulp and paper industry

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2010.946 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (10) ◽

pp. 2364-2371 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. Sandberg

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Transfer ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Bubble Column ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Paper Mills

More than 50% of the electrical power needed to treat pulp and paper industry effluents is used for aeration in biological treatment stages. A large share of the oxygen that passes through the wastewater is not consumed and will be found in the off-gas. Energy can be saved by aerating under conditions where the oxygen transfer is most efficient, for example at low concentrations of dissolved oxygen Consider the sludge as an energy source; electricity can be saved by avoiding sludge reduction through prolonged aeration. High oxygen transfer efficiency can be retained by using the oxygen consumption of biosolids. Quantified savings in the form of needed volumes of air while still achieving sufficient COD reduction are presented. The tests have been made in a bubble column with pulp mill process water and sludge from a biological treatment plant. These were supplemented with case studies at three pulp and paper mills.

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Co-cooking moso bamboo with hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj13.6.9 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 9-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

TROY RUNGE ◽

JACKIE HEINRICHER ◽

DAN MEIER

Keyword(s):

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Pulp Mills ◽

Fiber Properties ◽

Kraft Process ◽

Native Forests ◽

Hardwood Species ◽

Gradual Introduction

Bamboo is one of the world’s fastest growing feedstocks and represents a promising nonwood resource that can be utilized in the pulp and paper industry. The timber varieties offer low feedstock costs, can be processed similarly to trees from a logistics standpoint, and have useful fiber properties for papermaking. Plantations have not yet been established due to propagation costs, limiting adoption of bamboo as a pulp feedstock to smaller pulp mills primarily in China, where there are native forests. Recent advances in micropropagation may allow lower establishment costs, but gradual introduction into the supply chain will be required. One concept is to gradually include bamboo feedstock into an established pulp mill as plantations are established, using co-cooking with a wood species. Previous work has shown that bamboo cooks fairly easily using the kraft process with conditions similar to hardwood species.

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APLIKASI ENZIM DI INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS: I. BIDANG PULP (ENZYME APPLICATION IN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY: I. PULP SECTION)

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v7i01.161 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Krisna Septiningrum ◽

Ikhwan Pramuaji

Keyword(s):

Paper Industry ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

White Rot ◽

Economical Aspect ◽

Hexenuronic Acid ◽

Enzyme Application ◽

Enzyme Characteristic

This review introduce about biotechnological application of enzyme in pulp and paper industry. These enzymes can be applied as biological agents in biopulping, biobleaching including Hexenuronic acid (HexA) removal. Degrading enzyme from white rot fungi, xylanase, laccase, lipase and α-glucuronidase are the the most applicable enzyme in the process. Nowadays, enzyme application is still under laboratory scale, only a few is applied further until industrial scale. There are some limitations for further application related with technical aspects such as effectivity of the enzyme during its application comparing with chemical compounds, enzyme availability in the market, enzyme characteristic that appropriate with the process in pulp mill and economical aspect. In the other hand, these technologies also provide some advantages such as reduce energy consumption, reduce or substitute chemicals and more environmental friendly ABSTRAK Kajian ini berisi mengenai aplikasi bioteknologi terutama enzim di industri pulp dan kertas. Enzim ini dapat diaplikasikan pada proses pulping, biobleaching termasuk penghilangan Hexenuronic acid (HexA). Enzim dari jamur pelapuk putih, xilanase, lakase, lipase dan α-glucuronidase merupakan enzim yang penting untuk diaplikasikan pada proses-proses tersebut. Aplikasi enzim saat ini masih dalam skala laboratorium, hanya beberapa diterapkan lebih lanjut sampai skala industri. Beberapa keterbatasan untuk aplikasi lebih lanjut terkait dengan aspek teknis adalah efektivitas enzim yang lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan bahan kimia, keterbatasan produk enzim yang ada di pasar khususnya karakteristik enzim yang sesuai untuk industri pulp, dan keterbatasan dari aspek ekonomi. Namun di satu sisi, teknologi ini juga diketahui memiliki beberapa kelebihan seperti dapat mengurangi penggunaan energi, mengurangi atau substitusi bahan kimia, dan lebih ramah lingkungan

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The Ghost of Wesley Vale: Environmentalists' Influence on Innovation in Australia's Pulp and Paper Industry

Competition & Change ◽

10.1177/102452949600100403 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 379-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David A. Sonnenfeld

Keyword(s):

Government Regulation ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

State Governments ◽

Paper Mills ◽

Elemental Chlorine ◽

Pulp And Paper Industries ◽

Archival Work

This paper analyzes how a key conflict in Australia's pulp and paper industry became generalized to other sites through environmental action, government regulation, and industry initiative. From 1987–91, Australians debated construction of a new, world-class, export-oriented pulp mill in Tasmania. Rural residents, fishermen, and environmentalists, allied with the Australian Labor Party, succeeded in scuttling the project. Subsequently, the national government launched a major research program, state governments tightened regulations, and industry reduced elemental chlorine use. Any new mills constructed in Australia today would be among the cleanest in the world. This paper is part of a larger, comparative study of technological innovation in the pulp and paper industries of Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The author interviewed industry officials, government regulators, research scientists, and environmentalists; visited pulp and paper mills; attended technical conferences; and conducted archival work in these countries during a 12-month period.

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Treatment Technologies for Organochlorine-Containing Sludges and Concentrates from External Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewaters

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1991.0488 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 24 (3-4) ◽

pp. 319-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Almemark ◽

G. Finnveden ◽

B. Frostell

Keyword(s):

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Organochlorine Compounds ◽

Chlorinated Phenols ◽

Chemical Coagulation ◽

Solids Content ◽

Available Information

Literature data and results from current Swedish research have been used to compile characteristics of and disposal methods for sludges and concentrates from external treatment of wastewaters from the pulp and paper industry. Very little sludge from aerobic lagoon treatment in Sweden is handled, and most of the solids are deposited in the receiving waters. In North America, Finland and Japan, where activated sludge treatment is used to a great extent, sludge handling is an important part of kraft mill effluent treatment. Typically, 5-15 kg of dry solids has to be handled per ton of pulp with a process discharge of 15-20 kg of BOD5/t90- For chemical coagulation, the amounts of sludges produced are higher, typically 40-80 kg dry solids/t90. Especially in Japan, chemical coagulation is used to a great extent. Laboratory and pilot- plant experiments with Ultrafiltration of alkaline stage and total bleach plant effluents suggest that concentrates with a total solids content of approximately 20 and 50 kg dry solids/t90 are produced. The concentrations of organochlorine compounds in sludges and concentrates have not hitherto been well documented, and nor have environmental effects of different disposal methods. Chlorinated phenols, catechols and guaiacols have been found in variable concentrations; chlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans have also been detected. Vacuum filters and especially belt filter presses have been used to dewater sludges. Typical dry solids concentrations achieved vary from 20-35 % for primary sludges to 15-20 % for secondary sludges. Anaerobic digestion may be applied before dewatering of sludges, and methane yields of 200-400 1 CH4/kg VSrem have been reported. Sludge has been disposed of in landfills or incinerated. Leachates from landfilling of pulp and paper industry sludges may contain high levels of soluble organic material, but available information suggests that organochlorine compounds do not leach to a substantial extent. Incineration of pulp mill sludges and concentrates seems to be an increasingly attractive method.

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Pulpmill pollution and public perception

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc68492-4 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 492-495

Author(s):

P. K. Owusu–Gyima ◽

D. N. Roy

Keyword(s):

Public Perception ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Abatement Strategies ◽

Paper And Pulp ◽

Dioxin Exposure ◽

Risk Potential

This paper reviews the risk potential of pulp mill pollutants to humans, risk abatement strategies adopted by the pulp and paper industry, and their socio-enviro-economic implications.The deleterious impact of dioxin-exposure on experimental animals is well documented worldwide. Though their impact on humans is yet to be assessed, it is part of today's conventional widsom that the reduction and possible elimination of the major sources of dioxin would be, pragmatically and economically, more environmentally acceptable. Key words: Dioxin, furan, PCDDs, PCDFs, bleaching, paper and pulp, oxygen, bleach, BOD, COD, wood.

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The Regulator's Dilemma: Regulation of Pulp Mill Effluents in the Canadian Federal State

Canadian Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0008423900008209 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 469-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kathryn Harrison

Keyword(s):

Federal Government ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

National Standards ◽

Federal State ◽

Environmental Standards ◽

Tier System ◽

Pulp Mill Effluents

AbstractThe disclosure in 1987 that dioxins were present in pulp mill effluents prompted governments throughout the world to revise their environmental standards for the pulp and paper industry. This article uses the pulp and paper case to examine the dynamics of environmental standard setting within the Canadian federal state. Provincial regulatory incentives are analyzed using two-player games as a heuristic. The article then considers the federal government's role in establishing national standards. Many authors have emphasized the importance of federal involvement to overcome provincial reluctance to regulate unilaterally, lest jobs be lost to jurisdictions with weaker environmental standards. However, few have considered whether the federal government has incentives to do just that. It is argued that those incentives are weak at best, in light of resistance from both the regulated industry and jurisdictionally defensive provinces. In environmental regulation of the Canadian pulp and paper industry, federal reluctance resulted in a two-tier system of environmental standards with strict standards for the largest provinces, and weaker ones for smaller provinces that rely more on the federal government.

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Reduction of Pulp and Paper Industry Effluent Loading

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1986.0042 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 109-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Luonsi ◽

P. Vuoriranta ◽

P. Hynninen

Keyword(s):

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Anaerobic Treatment ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Production Water ◽

Lower Volume ◽

Water Recirculation ◽

Pulp Mill Effluents ◽

Industry Effluent

The pulp and paper industry consumes large volumes of water i.e. 10-300 m3/t of product. The most important measure in reducing the pollution charge is a reduction in water consumption. Thereafter, efficient and more easily controllable methods can be used for the treatment of lower volume, more concentrated and warmer wastewaters. Application of medium consistency techniques in production, water recirculation, and more efficient use of wood are pushing development in this direction. It is clear however, that these development trends will undergo certain practical limitations governed by the actual production process. The trends in production favour the utilization of anaerobic techniques in wastewater treatment. Both the purification efficiency and the economy of the treatment system can be improved as seen from the examples in this paper. However, the conventional aerobic treatment is under continuous development and it will be applied as a completing stage of anaerobic treatment. Modifications of the activated sludge process can be applied especially for rather dilute composite pulp mill effluents as presented in this paper.

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Co-cooking nonwoods with hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj13.6.19 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

TROY RUNGE ◽

CHUNHUI ZHANG

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Agricultural Residues ◽

Kraft Pulping ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Strength Increase ◽

Xylan Content

Agricultural residues and energy crops are promising resources that can be utilized in the pulp and paper industry. This study examines the potential of co-cooking nonwood materials with hardwoods as means to incorporate nonwood material into a paper furnish. Specifically, miscanthus, switchgrass, and corn stover were substituted for poplar hardwood chips in the amounts of 10 wt %, 20 wt %, and 30 wt %, and the blends were subjected to kraft pulping experiments. The pulps were then bleached with an OD(EP)D sequence and then refined and formed into handsheets to characterize their physical properties. Surprisingly, all three co-cooked pulps showed improved strength properties (up to 35%). Sugar measurement of the pulps by high-performance liquid chromatography suggested that the strength increase correlated with enriched xylan content.

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