scholarly journals Selenium Fractionation and Speciation in Paddy Soils and Accumulation in Rice Under Field Conditions in Jinhua Zhejinang Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Yixian Shao ◽  
Bangting Xie ◽  
Mengqi Li ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Hua Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Soils, as well as paddy tissue samples, were collected in the Se-rich area of Jinhua County, Zhejiang Province, China. Sequential extraction procedure was used for selenium (Se) fractionation, including soluble Se, exchangeable Se, carbonate-bound Se, iron and manganese oxide-bound Se, humic acids-bound Se, organic matter-bound Se, and the residual Se fraction. The results showed that soluble Se, exchangeable Se, carbonate-bound Se, iron and manganese oxide-bound Se fractions accounted for less than 2% of the total Se, respectively. Organic matter-bound Se was the dominant fractions. The average concentrations (mg kg−1) of Se in the paddy tissues were 0.069 in seed, 0.263 in root, 0.09 in stalk, and 0.17 in leaf. The organic matter-bound Se had a significant indirect effect on Se accumulation in paddy tissues. In conclusion, organic matter-bound Se was an important fraction and source of plant Se in agricultural soil.

scholarly journals Sequential Extraction Resulted in Similar Fractionation of Ionic Zn, Nano- and Microparticles of ZnO in Acidic and Alkaline Soil

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Martin Šebesta ◽  
Martin Urík ◽  
Marek Kolenčík ◽  
Marek Bujdoš ◽  
Peter Matúš
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
The Difference

The evaluation of nanoparticle bioavailability or the bioavailability of dissolved elements by direct measurement through plant uptake is a strenuous process. Several multi-step sequential extraction procedures, including the BCR sequential extraction procedure, have been created to provide potential accessibility of elements, where real soil-plant transfer can be problematic to implement. However, these have limitations of their own based on the used extractants. For the purposes of our research, we enriched two soils: an untilted forest soil with naturally acidic pH and a tilted agricultural soil with alkaline pH by three Zn forms—ionic Zn in the form of ZnSO4, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NP) and larger particles of ZnO (ZnO B)—by batch sorption. We then extracted the retained Zn in the soils by BCR sequential extraction procedure to extract three fractions: ion exchangeable, reducible, and oxidizable. The results were compared among the soils and a comparison between the different forms was made. Regardless of the difference in soil pH and other soil properties, ZnO NP, ZnO B, and ionic Zn showed little to no difference in the relative distribution between the observed soil fractions in both forest soil and agricultural soil. Since ionic Zn is more available for plant uptake, BCR sequential extraction procedure may overestimate the easily available Zn when amendment with ionic Zn is compared to particulate Zn. The absence of a first extraction step with mild extractant, such as deionized water, oversimplifies the processes the particulate Zn undergoes in soils.

scholarly journals Fractionation of Selected Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils / Frakcjonowanie Wybranych Metali Ciężkich W Glebach Uprawnych

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Różański
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Fraction Bound ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Abstract The content of trace elements in soils varies widely and their mobility and availability depends not only on the total content but also on the form of in which these elements occur. The aim of this study was to determine the total content of nickel, lead, zinc and copper in soils used for agriculture, and assess the mobility and phytoavailability of these metals against a background of physical and chemical properties of these soils. In samples taken from three soil profiles (Phaeozem and 2 Fluvisols) the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn and Cu were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy in the solutions obtained according to the protocol of modified BCR sequential extraction procedure supplemented with aqua regia digestion. The total content of the analyzed metals in most cases corresponded to the natural values, often not exceeding the geochemical background level. It was only in the one profile of the Fluvisols (Endogleyic Fluvisol) that a higher concentration of zinc and lead was noticed (especially in the surface horizon), slightly exceeding the legal limit. Among the studied metals the lowest phytoavailability was characterized by copper (exchangeable forms on average 4.73% of the total), and the highest by zinc (11.49%). Nickel was the most permanently bound with soil solid phase, and its content in the residual fraction reached 84.46% of the total. Approximately a half of the total lead content was determined as a fraction bound with iron and manganese oxides, while in the case of this metal a significant role in binding of this metal was playing organic matter (fraction bound with organic matter and sulphides - an average of 27.5%). Significant role in the binding of all investigated metals was credited to iron and manganese compounds.

scholarly journals Assessment of the phytoavailability of Cu and Ni using various extraction procedures

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
MTA Chowdhury ◽  
L Nesa ◽  
SM Imamul Huq
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Single Extractions

The phytoavailability of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) in soils from Bangladesh was assessed. The uptake by Ipomoea aquatica and Oryza sativa L. was measured and a range of extractants tested on soils and plant tissue samples. Extractants tested were distilled water, 1 M NH4Cl, 0.01 M CaCl2, 0.005 M diethylenetriamine penta‐acetic acid (DTPA), 0.1 M ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.1 M HCl and 1 M HCl. The extractability of the metals varied depending on the metal species, the crop and the extractant used. The best extractant was 1 M HCl, which extracted the highest amount of the heavy metals and correlated most strongly with their plant uptake measures. The use of 1 M HCl is, therefore, recommended for first‐level screening of soils contaminated with heavy metals if only one extractant is to be used. Sequential extraction showed that Cu was associated mostly with the 0.005 M DTPA and 0.1 M EDTA extractable fractions, while Ni was associated with the 0.1 M HCl and 1 M HCl fractions in most cases. The fractions of metals extracted using the sequential extraction procedure varied compared to single extractions for all soil types. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(1): 1-16, 2015 (January)

Study of partitioning and dynamics of metals in contaminated soil using modified four-step BCR sequential extraction procedure

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Frentiu ◽  
Michaela Ponta ◽  
Erika Levei ◽  
Emil Cordos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Baia Mare

AbstractThe modified four-step BCR sequential extraction procedure (exchangeable and weak acid available species, reducible, oxidisable and residual fractions) was used to examine the distribution of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn with soil depth in an area (Baia Mare — Bozanta, Romania) with both high natural level of elements considered as toxic and historical pollution resulting from nonferrous metallurgy. The BCR approach proved a high metal input of anthropogenic origin down to 40 cm, while at lower depths the naturally elevated metal content must be considered. Results of the partitioning study and XRD analysis of solid matrix showed the greatest potential for chemical remobilisation of Cd, Zn, and Cu in weak acidic medium as well as their affinity for the oxidisable fraction (organic matter/sulphide). The tendency of Cr, Pb, and As to be immobilised as residual or reducible species on Fe-Mn oxides was evident. Although the partitioning of As in chemically inactive forms such as scorodite (FeAsO4 · 2H2O) soluble under reducible conditions and beudantite (PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)2)), a residual species soluble in acid media, chemical mobilisation from soil in groundwater was confirmed. Dynamic processes of metal retention in soil under different conditions, namely acidic, reducing or oxidisable, were predicted from the Pearsonșs correlation analysis of element species with soil characteristics and components such as Fe, Mn, organic matter content, pH, and total element content, respectively. At the moment of the study, soil and groundwater in the area were found to be polluted with As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn.

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