scholarly journals Prediction methodology for potential damage from misuse of agricultural lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01060
Author(s):  
Kirill Zhichkin ◽  
Vladimir Nosov ◽  
Lyudmila Zhichkina ◽  
Sergei Tkachev ◽  
Liudmila Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Damage Development ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Damage Extent ◽  
Potential Damage

The article is devoted to development of prediction methodology for potential damage from misuse of agricultural lands such as accommodation of oil and gas industry facilities, transport, infrastructure complexes, and emergency management. The purpose of the research is to propose a methodology for determination of potential damage to territory from misuse of agricultural lands. In order to do this, the following objectives need to be achieved: - group the sources of damage from agricultural lands misuse based on empirical evidence; - determine and classify the main types of damage and their periods; - develop the methodology and mathematical apparatus for calculation and prediction of damage extent on the “municipal district-region” level; - predict the losses from agricultural lands misuse in accordance with conditions of the Samara region. The proposed methodology allows one to more accurately assess the damage to large territories (district, region, country), which is essential to the work of administrative bodies. For calculation purposes, all cases of agricultural lands misuse are divided into four categories, each of which has its features of damage development. The obtained methodology was tested in the Samara region, where annually from 2.5 to 4.0 thousand ha of agricultural lands are used for other purposes than intended. Note that more than 20% of this number is removed from use for a long period of time (for more than 10 years). Oil spills account for 2.3-4.0% of land misuse. In 2021 the resulting damage could amount to 1.9 billion rubles.

scholarly journals О ФАКТОРАХ ЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5(45)) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Мирхамидова Д. Н. ◽  
Атаханова Ш. С. ◽  
Соатов Ф. Й.
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Investment Projects

In article researches on establishment of influence of geological and technology factors on efficiency of investment projects, determination of risks at implementation of investment projects in the oil and gas industry and feature and factors for successful implementation of investment projects are considered.

Offshore Oil Spill Incidents: Creating a Database in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Patricia Maggi ◽  
Cláudia do Rosário Vaz Morgado ◽  
João Carlos Nóbrega de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Offshore Oil

ABSTRACT Brazil has performed an important role in the oil and gas industry mainly because its offshore E&P activities. The volume of oil produced in offshore fields had increased 88% in the last decade and correspond to more than 90% of national production. The maritime Exploration and Production (E&P) operations in Brazil started in the middle of the 1970's. In 1981 a law was promulgated to establish a compulsory environmental permit to many activities, including oil and gas exploration and production activities. Although this regulation has existed for over 25 years, only in 1999 was it effectively brought into force to the E&P sector, with the creation of the oil and gas specialized office integrated to the Intituto Brasileiro de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Naturais Renováveis – IBAMA (Brazilian Federal Environmental Agency). On January 2000 Brazil faced one its worst oil spills, in Guanabara Bay. A broken pipeline owned and operated by Petrobras spilt 1300 tone of bunker fuel into Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro. At that time, Brazil had no clear environmental scenario regarding the oil industry in Brazil: uncoordinated environmental regulations, debilitated environmental agencies and a relapse industry took part in the scenario. As a result of the repercussion of the disaster, in the same year was enacted the Federal Law 9966/2000, the so called “Oil Law”, on the prevention, control and inspection of pollution caused by the releasing of oil and other harmful substances in waters under national jurisdiction. The provisions of the Law 9966 included, among other things, the requirement for the notification to the competent environmental authority, the maritime authority and the oil regulating agency, of any incident which might cause water pollution. Although IBAMA receives the oil spill communications since 2001, only in 2010 the Agency began to include this information in a database. This paper discusses the offshore oil spill data received between 2010 and 2012.

scholarly journals Determination of Hardness and Tensile Properties of Dissimilar Phase Structured Steel Weld

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I M Momoh ◽  
O A Adeyemi ◽  
O M Oluwafemi ◽  
O D Ogundare ◽  
S I Salawu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Hardness Property ◽  
Submerged Arc

This work involves the use of submerged arc welding (SAW) technique in joining heat treated steel in alternate arrangement. The selected as-received steel was initially cut, machined and heat treated to develop a conventional microstructure prior to joining operation. All samples were subsequently characterized to investigate the effect of the process on the mechanical behaviors. 3360 Instron Universal Tensile testing machine was used for the tensile properties evaluation; Vickers’ microhardness testing machine was also used for the hardness evaluation at various zones. From the result, it was found that interchanging arrangement of the microstructures during welding yield better combined properties of the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and with improvement in the strain-to-fracture of some of the samples. The adopted mechanism was also observed to yield better hardness property on the sample. This led to the recommendation of this technique to the oil and gas industry that need to transport their products via the giant water bodies to clients.

scholarly journals Uranine as a Tracer in the Oil and Gas Industry: Determination in Formation Waters with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3082
Author(s):  
Anna Król ◽  
Monika Gajec ◽  
Ewa Kukulska-Zając
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
Gas Industry

In the oil and gas industry, tracers are used to estimate residual oil saturation, to indicate the location and orientation of fractures in tight reservoirs, to identify and mark the direction of fluid flow in fractured deposits, to locate faults and discontinuities, and to measure fluid movement in injection wells during drilling. The tracers should behave in a mechanically similar manner to the tested substance, e.g., formation waters, oil or gas, and, on the other hand, they should significantly differ from them in terms of chemical properties so that it is possible to identify them. One of the fluorescent tracers used in the oil and gas industry, e.g., for inter-well tests during secondary or tertiary production methods (especially during reservoir hydration), is uranine. In order to assess the effectiveness of fluid movement measurements, it is necessary to determine the uranine content in formation waters. In this study, a method was developed to determine uranine in formation water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD). The initial step in preparing samples for chromatographic analysis would be solid phase extraction (SPE). The method was validated and allows for the determination of uranine in formation water samples in the concentration range from 0.030 to 2.80 µg/L. The validation of the method included the analysis of factors influencing the measurement result (sources of uncertainty), determination of the linearity range of the standard curve, determination of the quantification limit of the method, and verification of the reproducibility, selectivity, stability and correctness achieved. The method developed within the study can be successfully applied in the case of the determination of uranine content in formation water samples from the oil and gas mining industry, which are often unstable and characterized by a relatively complex matrix. After validation, the method will also be applicable to the determination of uranine in matrices with a similar physicochemical composition, e.g., to assess groundwater flow in deformed carbonate aquifers or to characterize faults that act as barriers to horizontal groundwater flow.

Determination of extractable fluorine from residue of oil and gas industry by HR-CS MAS applying toxicity characteristic leaching procedure

2021 ◽  
pp. 109917
Author(s):  
Thebny Thaíse Moro ◽  
Patrícia P. Arcênio ◽  
Fernando J.S. de Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo S. Chaves ◽  
Vera L.A.F. Bascuñan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Risk-based Winterization for Vessels Operations in Arctic Environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yang ◽  
Faisal I. Khan ◽  
Leonard Lye ◽  
Heri Sulistiyono ◽  
John Dolny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Exploration And Production

Because the oil and gas industry has an increasing interest in the hydrocarbon exploration and development in the Arctic regions, it becomes important to design exploration and production facilities that suit the cold and harsh operating conditions. In addition to well-established minimum class requirements for hull strengthening, winterization should be considered as a priority measure early in the design spiral for vessels operating in the Arctic environments. The development of winterization strategies is a challenging task, which requires a robust decision support approach. This article proposes a risk-based approach for the selection of winterization technologies and determination of winterization levels or requirements on a case-by-case basis. Temperature data are collected from climatology stations located in the Arctic regions. Loading scenarios are defined by statistical analysis of the temperature data to obtain probabilistic distributions for the loadings. Risk values are calculated under different loading scenarios. Based on the risk values, appropriate winterization strategies can be determined. A case study is used to demonstrate how the proposed approach can be applied to the identification of heating requirements for gangways.

scholarly journals Estimating the Potential of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Use in the Oil and Gas Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-355
Author(s):  
Anastasia D. Anikaeva ◽  
◽  
Dmitry A. Martyushev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Erdas Imagine

The relevance of the study is explained by the need to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to serve engineering and geodetic tasks in the oil and gas industry. Airborne photographic survey using unmanned aerial vehicles is currently an advanced technology in the area of geodesy and it replaces such methods as tacheometry, satellite-based positioning in RTK modes, manned aerial photography, and aiborne laser scanning (ALS). The potential for using UAVs in the oil and gas industry today is truly enormous. Numerous safety and reliability problems, which traditionally have been cost consuming for oil and gas companies, can be effectively addressed using UAVs. The study included processing of data obtained from the unmanned complex in three modern software packages (Agisoft Photoscan Professional, v 1.2.5.2594 (Russia), ERDAS IMAGINE, v 2015 (USA) and Pix4Dmapper Pro (Switzerland)) of various automation degrees; assessment of accuracy in ArcMap software by superimposing a topographic plan on an orthomosaic with a scale of 1: 500 on the territory under consideration; calculation of economic and labor costs. As part of the study, it was proved that the use of UAVs was possible not only for the geodetic work, but also for solving other equally important tasks of the oil and gas industry, which leads to a decrease in economic and environmental risks, automation of processes related to monitoring of oil facilities, prevention of illegal attempts of pipeline tie-ins, oil spills. In addition, based on the obtained orthophotomaps, the economic, accuracy and labor-time feasibility of using unmanned systems were confirmed. It has been established that the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in various fields of oil and gas activities for solving engineering and geodetic problems is an integral part of any company engaged in the production and transportation of hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Rice Husk Use In Oil Spills Demonstrated With Cod And Phytotoxicity Tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Leticia Alves Goulart ◽  
Rômulo Henrique Batista de Faria ◽  
Larissa Loebens ◽  
Louise Hoss ◽  
Maurízio Silveira Quadro
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Object Of Study

Abstract Motivated to develop faster and faster contemporary society has been using more and more fossil and energy resources that can, unfortunately, cause environmental accidents. Petroleum is responsible for providing different products derived as lubricating oil widely used in different production chains and object of study of the work in question. Many environmental problems faced by the Oil and Gas Industry are associated with leaks, accidents and irregular discharges. Thus an alternative for cleaning and adsorption of oil spilled in the sea is presented the validity in this article: the rice husk, being the main objective of this article to prove its effectiveness with lubricant oil adsorbent. It was used as a low cost alternative adsorbent. Performing physical order treatments such as heating and using acid and base that could increase their efficiency. Some COD and Fitoxicity tests of the generated effluent were performed and analyzed during the work, generating excellent results related to the adsorption of lubricating oils, showing a total adsorption of 6.15 g / g when treated in basic medium and 4.7 g / g in acid medium.

scholarly journals Inter- and Intra-Annual Bacterioplankton Community Patterns in a Deepwater Sub-Arctic Region: Persistent High Background Abundance of Putative Oil Degraders

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina G. Angelova ◽  
Barbara Berx ◽  
Eileen Bresnan ◽  
Samantha B. Joye ◽  
Andrew Free ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Deepwater Horizon ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Bacterioplankton Community ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

ABSTRACT Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria naturally degrade and remove petroleum pollutants, yet baselines do not currently exist for these critical microorganisms in many regions where the oil and gas industry is active. Furthermore, understanding how a baseline community changes across the seasons and its potential to respond to an oil spill event are prerequisites for predicting their response to elevated hydrocarbon exposures. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-based profiling was used to assess the spatiotemporal variability of baseline bacterioplankton community composition in the Faroe-Shetland Channel (FSC), a deepwater sub-Arctic region where the oil and gas industry has been active for the last 40 years. Over a period of 2 years, we captured the diversity of the bacterioplankton community within distinct water masses (defined by their temperature and salinity) that have a distinct geographic origin (Atlantic or Nordic), depth, and direction of flow. We demonstrate that bacterioplankton communities were significantly different across water samples of contrasting origin and depth. Taxa of known hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were observed at higher-than-anticipated abundances in water masses originating in the Nordic Seas, suggesting these organisms are sustained by an unconfirmed source of oil input in that region. In the event of an oil spill, our results suggest that the response of these organisms is severely hindered by the low temperatures and nutrient levels that are typical for the FSC. IMPORTANCE Oil spills at sea are one of the most disastrous anthropogenic pollution events, with the Deepwater Horizon spill providing a testament to how profoundly the health of marine ecosystems and the livelihood of its coastal inhabitants can be severely impacted by spilled oil. The fate of oil in the environment is largely dictated by the presence and activities of natural communities of oil-degrading bacteria. While a significant effort was made to monitor and track the microbial response and degradation of the oil in the water column in the wake of the Deepwater Horizon spill, the lack of baseline data on the microbiology of the Gulf of Mexico confounded scientists’ abilities to provide an accurate assessment of how the system responded relative to prespill conditions. This data gap highlights the need for long-term microbial ocean observatories in regions at high risk of oil spills. Here, we provide the first microbiological baseline established for a subarctic region experiencing high oil and gas industry activity, the northeast Atlantic, but with no apparent oil seepage or spillage. We also explore the presence, relative abundances, and seasonal dynamics of indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading communities. These data will advance the development of models to predict the behavior of such organisms in the event of a major oil spill in this region and potentially impact bioremediation strategies by enhancing the activities of these organisms in breaking down the oil.

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