scholarly journals Peculiarities of weather and snow accumulation conditions in Moscow region in winter period 2019/2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 01018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Freezing Depth

The study of weather and snow accumulation conditions is important because for example on basis of knowledge on temperature regime and accumulation peculiarities of snow cover the ground freezing depth calculations are performed. So the results of study of peculiarities of weather and snow accumulation conditions in Moscow region for winter period 2019/2020 are presented in the paper. The comparison of these data for this winter period with the previous winter periods and the long-term averaged values is also done.

scholarly journals Calculation scheme of ground freezing depth in Terskol

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
D.M. Frolov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Calculation Scheme ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Geotechnical Structures ◽  
Freezing Depth ◽  
Layer Medium ◽  
The Heat Balance

During the construction of avalanche-retaining geotechnical structures in mountainous areas comes up the problem of fixing and stability of these structures in conditions of seasonal and/or long-term freezing of the ground. This paper evaluates the influence of snow cover and air temperature on the depth of freezing and soil stability based on the developed calculation scheme for the winter seasons 2015/16-2019/20 in the Elbrus region. The calculation scheme was based on the problem of thermal conductivity of a three-layer medium (snow, frozen, and thawed soil) with a phase transition at the boundary. The heat balance equation included the energy of the phase transition, the inflow of heat from the thawed ground and the outflow to the frozen ground, and, in the presence of snow cover, through it to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Influence of air temperature and snow cover accumulation regimes on ground freezing depth variations in Moscow region

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 01017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Conductivity ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Freezing Depth

According to developed algorithm and calculating scheme the calculations of ground freezing depth variations for observation sites of meteorological stations of Moscow region (Mozhaysk, Kolomna) were performed on basis of meteorological data on air temperature and snow cover thickness for winter periods of 1988/89-2018/19. The comparison of calculated and available in open access observation data on ground freezing depth for these winter periods was also conducted and indicated good correspondence. The calculating scheme for ground freezing is constructed on basis of three layer media heat conductivity problem (snow cover, frozen and thawed ground) with phase transition on the boundary of frozen and unfrozen ground. Heat balance equation includes phase transition energy, inflow of heat from unfrozen ground and outflow to frozen ground, snow cover and atmosphere. The heat flux is calculated on basis of Fourier law as a product of heat conductivity and temperature gradient. It is supposed, that temperature changes in each media linearly.

scholarly journals Winter regime of temperature and snow accumulation as a factor of ground freezing depth variations

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 01005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Heat Conductivity ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Freezing Depth

The observations of ground freezing depth in the conditions of bare soil and under natural cover have been carried out at the sites of meteorological observatory of Lomonosov Moscow State University since the observatory’s foundation in 1954. For estimation of role of snow cover in variations of ground freezing depth the calculations of ground freezing depth were conducted using the meteorological data on air temperature and snow thickness for winter seasons of 2011/12-2018/19. The calculating scheme for ground freezing is constructed on the basis of three layer media heat conductivity problem (snow cover, frozen and thawed ground) with phase transition on the boundary of frozen and unfrozen ground. Heat balance equation includes phase transition energy, inflow of heat from unfrozen ground and outflow to frozen ground, snow cover and atmosphere. The heat flux is calculated on the basis of Fourier law as a product of heat conductivity and temperature gradient. It is supposed, that the temperature changes in each media linearly. The comparison of calculated and observed values of ground freezing indicates good correspondence.

Influence of snow cover and air temperature on variations of ground freezing depth in Moscow and the Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Freezing Depth ◽  
Cover Thickness

<p>According to consdidered influence of snow cover thickness and air temperature on variations of ground freezing depth at the site of meteorological observatory of Moscow State University and also according to the data of observatories in the Moscow region it is expected to make conclusions about the impact of the urban heat island to a ground freezing depth in Moscow region. For this purpose, the values of the maximum ground freezing depth were analyzed for MSU meteorological observatory and for the weather stations of the Moscow region: Kolomna, Mozhaisk and Sukhinichi. And since not always the data of actual observations are avaliable, for these weather stations the calculated values of the maximum ground freezing depth were obtained. The calculations were performed according to the previously developed calculation scheme, based on the problem of thermal conductivity of a three-layer medium (snow, frozen and thawed ground) with a phase transition at the boundary. The heat balance equation included the energy of the phase transition, the inflow of heat from the thawed ground and the outflow to the frozen ground and, in the presence of snow cover, through it to the atmosphere. The heat flow was calculated according to Fourier's law as the product of the thermal conductivity and the temperature gradient. It was assumed that the temperature in each medium varies linearly. For snow cover and frozen ground, the formula of thermal conductivity of a two-layer medium was used. The obtained calculated values were compared with the actual values of the ground freezing depth. The coefficients R<sup>2</sup> of the reliability of the linear trend line approximation when comparing the calculated and actual values for Moscow and the Moscow region were at the level of 0.6-0.7. The maximum ground freezing depth in Moscow and in the Moscow region in the same years may differ by an average of 10 cm. This confirms that the designed scheme well describes ground freezing depth based on data on air temperature and snow cover thickness and can be used to model the underground heat island of the Moscow region. In report it is also supposed to present the results of the recent years observations of snow cover and freezing depth variations in Moscow and the Moscow region. The past  2020 year is considered as the warmest in the entire history of observations according to the MSU Meteorological Observatory for Moscow, according to the Hydrometeorological Center of Russia for the whole of Russia and according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) for the entire Globe. So the winter season of 2019/20 in Moscow region was also unusually warm, and therefore in the winter season of 2019/20 there was very little snow in the Moscow region. However, the warm summer of 2020 resulted in one of the lowest summer values of sea ice extent in the Arctic and, as a result, abnormally strong minimum temperatures and heavy snowfall in the winter of 2020/21 in Eurasia and Moscow. The work was done in a frame of state topic AAAA-A16-116032810093-2.</p>

scholarly journals The Specificities of the Temperature Regime of Seasonaly Freezing Soils of Tundra Landscape of European North East of Russia

2017 ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Kaverin ◽  
A. V. Pastukhov
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
North East ◽  
European North ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
Taiga Soils ◽  
The Impact

The specificities of temperature regime of automorphic clayey soils forming under the suffruticous and shrub vegetation within the zone of tundra and forest tundra in the European North-East were studied. As the objects of investigation we chose the organic cryometamorphic soils and cryometamorphic gleezems; in the both soil types the CRM cryometamorphic horizon is developed. The soils are formed in conditions of long-termed seasonal freezing at the absence (deep occurrence) of the permafrost rocks. The dynamics near the zero temperatures (zero curtains) is characterized. The hypothesis, concerning the role of zero curtains in the sustaining of the specific angular-grainy structure within the mass of cryometamorphic horizons is formulated. The mass of cryometamorphic horizons and the depth of present-day zero curtains, which observed at the long-term seasonal soil freezing, correlate to each other. The impact of suffruticous and shrub vegetation on the specificities of winter and summer soil temperature regime is determined. We discovered that the main differences between the soils developing under suffruticous and shrub vegetation tundras are stipulated by the different intensity of the snow accumulation within these areas. The soils that are developed under the shrub vegetation are warmer than soils developed under the suffruticous tundra, where permafrost may occur at the depth of 2-3 cm. In general, seasonaly freezing tundra soils are located in the middle of the range of the automorphic clay loamy soils in the tundra-taiga ecotone of European North-East of Russia, and occupy the niche between permafrost tundra and non-permafrost north taiga soils.

scholarly journals Calculations of ground freezing depth under bare and covered with the snow cover ground surface for the site of the meteorological observatory of Lomonosov Moscow State University for winter periods of 2011/12-2017/18

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
State University ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Freezing Depth ◽  
Estimation Scheme ◽  
Cover Thickness ◽  
Moscow State University

The calculating scheme for estimation of ground freezing depth under bare and covered with the snow cover ground surface on basis of air temperature and snow cover thickness is constructed and the example of calculations is performed for the site of the meteorological observatory of Lomonosov Moscow State University for winter periods of 2011/12-2017/18. The comparison of results of estimation scheme and observations indicated good correspondence.

scholarly journals Model of the influence of snow cover on soil freezing

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Osokin ◽  
R. S. Samoylov ◽  
A.V. Sosnovskiy ◽  
S. A. Sokratov ◽  
V. A. Zhidkov
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Freezing Depth ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractA mathematical model of snow-cover influence on soil freezing, taking into account the phase transition layer, water migration in soil, frost heave and ice-layer formation, has been developed. The modeled results are in good agreement with data observed in natural conditions. The influence of a possible delay between the time of negative temperature establishment in the air and the beginning of snow accumulation, and possible variations of the thermophysical properties of snow cover in the wide range previously reported were investigated by numerical experiments. It was found that the delay could change the frozen-soil depth up to 2–3 times, while different thermophysical characteristics of snow changed the resulting freezing depth 4–5 times.

scholarly journals Characteristics of ground freezing and thawing under snow cover based on long-term observation

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-251
Author(s):  
Yusuke HARADA ◽  
Fujio TSUCHIYA ◽  
Kazuo TAKEDA ◽  
Toshimi MUNEOKA
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Ground Freezing ◽  
Long Term Observation

scholarly journals WINTER HARDINESS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS Allium L. IN THE MOSCOW REGION, DEPENDING ON THE SEVERITY OF THE WINTER PERIOD

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
М. I. Ivanova ◽  
A. F. Bukharov ◽  
A. I. Kashleva ◽  
D. N. Baleyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Winter Severity

In the Moscow region, for a long-term species of bows in winter, a complex of limiting factors determines their winter hardiness. To characterize the period from November to March 2014-2017. The winter severity index (Woz) was calculated on a scale from 0 to 10 points (0 very soft, 10 very severe). The severity of winter in 2014-2015 was 2.91 points, 20152016 3.14 points, 2016-2017 4.75 points. The average percentage of overwintered plants for each sample was determined by the ratio of the number of living plants to the number of dead. Many varieties of welch onion were not sufficiently winter-hardy, including Red, Snowdrop, Russian size, Handsome, April, Russian winter. Stable high 100% winter hardiness showed a variety of welch onion Green feathers. From the studied 71 species and 194 samples of bows of perennial different ecological and geographical origin under the conditions of the Moscow region in the subgenus Amerallium plants A. neapolitanum Cirillo (Molium section) and A. ursinum L. (section Arctoprasum), and also in the subgenus Nectaroscordum A. bulgaricum plants (Janka) Prodбn (section Nectaroscordum (Lindl.) Gren. & Godr.) in the winter of 2014-2015 died completely. Winter in 2016-2017 years in the subgenus Rhizirideum, section Rhizirideum G. Don ex Koch A. senescens L. plants overwintered 75%, A. nutans L. – 90-95% depending on the sample, A. stellarianum Willd. 15 %. In subgenus Melanocrommyum, section Melanocrommyum Webb & Berthel. s.s. plants A. cyrillii Ten. overwintered 75%. In the subgenus Butomissa, sections Butomissa (Salisb.) Kamelin plants Allium odorum L. overwintered 86-93% depending on the sample. In the subgenus Cepa, the section Schoenoprasum Dum. plants A. ledebourianum Schult. & Schult. f. overwintered 75%. The remaining species overwintered 100%.

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