scholarly journals System of biological protection of corn against pests for organic farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ismailov
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Trichogramma Evanescens ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Click Beetle ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Biological Protection ◽  
Biological Control System ◽  
Corn Pests

This study discusses promising methods of biological control of the main corn pests, based on the integrated use of pheromones, entomopathogenic preparations and the release of parasitic hymenoptera Trichogramma evanescens West. and Habrobracon hebetor Say. Seasonal dynamics of flying and the number of cotton moth Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. and Kuban click beetle Agriotes tauricus Heyd. were determined by capturing males with pheromone traps. Species composition of corn pests, the dynamics of flying and the number of dominant pests of the cotton moth H. armigera and corn moth Os. nubilalis are determined, the optimal dates for protective measures (release of entomophages - Trichogramma and Habrobracon, treatment with biological products) are set. As a result of the field assessment of the biological control system of the main corn pests, we determined the satisfactory efficacy of the mutually suppressing techniques based on using Trichogramma and Habrobracon entomophages and biological preparations based on entomopathogenic bacteria and viruses. The corn bioprotection efficacy against the stem corn moth was 84 % in the early hybrid and 94 % in the late one, against the cotton moth – 82,2 - 77,8 %, respectively.

Patterns and drivers of genetic diversity and structure in the biological control parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor in Niger

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-811
Author(s):  
M. Garba ◽  
A. Loiseau ◽  
C. Tatard ◽  
L. Benoit ◽  
N. Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Nonrandom Mating ◽  
Habrobracon Hebetor ◽  
Complementary Sex Determination ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Grain Stores

AbstractWhen a promising natural enemy of a key pest exists locally, it is a common practice in biological control (BC) to rear and release it for supplementary control in the targeted agroecosystem even though significant knowledge gaps concerning pre/post release may still exist. Incorporating genetic information into BC research fills some of these gaps. Habrobracon hebetor, a parasitoid of many economically important moths that infest stored and field crops worldwide is commonly used, particularly against the millet head miner (MHM), a key pest of millet in Sahelian countries. To advance our knowledge on how H. hebetor that occurs naturally in open-field cropping systems and grain stores as well as being mass-produced and released for MHM control, performs in millet agroecosystems in Niger we evaluated its population genetics using two mitochondrial and 21 microsatellite markers. The field samples were genetically more diverse and displayed heterozygote excess. Very few field samples had faced significant recent demographic bottlenecks. The mating system (i.e. nonrandom mating with complementary sex determination) of this species may be the major driver of these findings rather than bottlenecks caused by the small number of individuals released and the scarcity of hosts during the longlasting dry season in Niger. H. hebetor population structure was represented by several small patches and genetically distinct individuals. Gene flow occurred at local and regional scales through human-mediated and natural short-distance dispersal. These findings highlight the importance of the mating system in the genetic diversity and structure of H. hebetor populations, and contribute to our understanding of its reported efficacy against MHM in pearl millet fields.

scholarly journals Performance Of Trichogramma Evanescens Westwood Egg Parasitoid Against Angoumois Grain Moth, Sitotroga Cereallela. (Olivier)

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
T Al Akter
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Trichogramma Evanescens ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Angoumois Grain Moth ◽  
Adult Parasitoid

The performance of Trichogrammaevanescens Westwood egg parasitoid againstAngoumois grain moth, Sitotrogacereallela. (Olivier) was investigated during theperiod from January 2011 to May 2011. The results showed that the highest per cent ofadult parasitoid emergence (98.94%) from parasitized eggs of S. cerealella was by T.evanescens. The duration of adult parasitoid emergence varied from 7-8 days. Thelongevity of T. evanescens adult that emerged from parasitized eggs varied from 3-4days. In consideration of rate of parasitization by using different number of parasitoids,the highest (98.00%) parasite eggs were recorded from 50 pairs of parasitoids whichwas statistically identical (94.25%) with 35 pairs and followed (93.25%, 92.75% and92.25%) by 25, 20 and 15, pairs respectively. The rate of parasitism increased withincreased number of parasitoids. A positive correlation exists between per centparasitism and adult parasitoid emergence from parasitized eggs. It reveals that the T.evanescens has potential in the biological control of Angoumois grain moth, of S.cerealella. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 95-103, June 2015

scholarly journals Health-Related Electromagnetic Field Assessment in the Proximity of High Voltage Power Equipment

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Mihaela Frigura-Iliasa ◽  
Felicia Ioana Baloi ◽  
Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa ◽  
Attila Simo ◽  
Sorin Musuroi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Electrical Field Strength ◽  
Overhead Lines ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Health Related

With respect to health issues, this paperpresents the results of an electromagnetic field (EMF) assessment in the proximity of a high voltage power station located in South Transylvania, Romania. The main parameters taken into account are, according to all standards and recommendations, the RMS (Root Mean Square) value of low frequency (0–300 Hz) electrical field strength E (in kV/m) and magnetic flux density B (in µT). Measurements were performed near all critical pieces of equipment (transformers, switches, busbars, overhead lines), according to the EMF European Directive. Some measurements were made as a function of distance from the HV (high-voltage) equipment, others as a time variation. The main objective was to verify that specific limits are met and, if necessary, to identify protective measures. Finally, safe exposure times for personnel operating at these sites were determined. In the future, detailed maps of EMF variations will be made available to the power companies.

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