scholarly journals Assessment of Risk Levels of Mangrove Forest Due to Oil Spill in Muara Gembong, Bekasi Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Dena Indriawan ◽  
Ankiq Taofiqurrohman ◽  
Indah Riyantini ◽  
Ibnu Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Ecosystem Risk

Habitat risk assessment is critical to assess the state of an environment. This research was conducted with the aim to assessand map the risk value of Mangrove Forest due to the oil spill incident in the Muara Gembong Regency, Bekasi District, which previously polluted coastal areas, especially in the mangrove ecosystem. Risk assessment is carried out as an effort to mitigate disaster to have a better prevention strategy, especially in areas that have a higher risk. The method for assessing risk in the mangrove ecosystem in Muara Gembong uses Habitat Risk Assessment using the Euclidean Distance formula, which is divided into three risk classes: low, medium, high. The risk value in coastal areas prone to oil spills has a moderate risk value with a total area of 3.7 km2 because the mangrove ecosystem has good resilience, and low risk for the inner mangrove area of the coastal area has a low chance with an area of 2.85 km2. The risk value in the medium class is 1.02, and the risk value in the low rank is 0.11.

Oil spill risk assessment for a Single Buoy Mooring terminal in the Port of Taranto (Southern Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Liubartseva ◽  
Ivan Federico ◽  
Giovanni Coppini ◽  
Rita Lecci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Subsea Pipeline ◽  
Oil Pipeline

<p>Being situated in a semi-enclosed Mediterranean lagoon, the Port of Taranto represents a transport, industrial and commercial hub, where the port infrastructure, a notorious steel plant, oil refinery and naval shipyards coexist with highly-dense urban zone, recreation facilities, mussel farms, and vulnerable environmental sites. A Single Buoy Mooring in the center of the Mar Grande used by tankers and subsea pipeline that takes oil directly from tanker to refinery are assumed to stay at risk of accidental oil spills, despite significant progress in technology and prevention.</p><p>The oil spill model MEDSLIK-II (http://medslik-ii.org) coupled to the high resolution Southern Adriatic Northern Ionian coastal Forecasting System (SANIFS http://sanifs.cmcc.it Federico et al., 2017) is used to model hypothetical oil spill scenarios in stochastic mode. 15,000+ hypothetical individual spills are generated from randomly selected start locations: 50% from a buoy and 50% along the subsea pipeline 2018–2020. Individual spill scenario is based on a real crude oil spill caused by a catastrophic pipeline failure happened in Genoa in April 2016 (Vairo et al., 2017). The model outputs are processed statistically to represent quantitively: (1) timing of the oil drift; (2) hazard maps in probability terms at the sea surface and on the coastline; (3) oil mass balance; (4) local-zone contamination assessment.</p><p>The simulations reveal that around 48% of the spilled oil will evaporate during the first 8 hours after the accident. Being transported by highly variable currents and waves, the rest is additionally exposed to multiply reflections from sea walls and concrete wharfs that dominate in the study area. As a result, the oil will be dispersed almost isotropically in the Mar Grande, indicating a rather moderate or small level of concentrations over the minimum threshold values (French McCay, 2016).</p><p>We have concluded that at a probability of 50%, the first oil beaching event will happen within 14 hours after the accident. The most contaminated areas are predicted on and around the nearest Port berths, on the coastlines of the urban area and on the tips of the breakwaters that frame the Mar Grande openings. The remote areas of the West Port and Mar Piccolo are expected to be the least contaminated ones.</p><p>Results are applicable to contingency planning, ecological risk assessment, cost-benefit analysis, and education.</p><p>This work is conducted in the framework of the IMPRESSIVE project (#821922) co-funded by the European Commission under the H2020 Programme.</p><p>References</p><p>Federico, I., Pinardi, N., Coppini, G., Oddo, P., Lecci, R., Mossa, M., 2017. Coastal ocean forecasting with an unstructured grid model in the southern Adriatic and northern Ionian seas. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 45–59, doi: 10.5194/nhess-17-45-2017.</p><p>French McCay, D., 2016. Potential effects thresholds for oil spill risk assessments. Proc. of the 39 AMOP Tech. Sem., Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, 285–303.</p><p>Vairo, T., Magrì, S., Qualgliati, M., Reverberi, A.P., Fabiano, B., 2017. An oil pipeline catastrophic failure: accident scenario modelling and emergency response development. Chem. Eng. Trans., 57, 373–378, doi: 10.3303/CET1757063.</p>

scholarly journals Approaches and Application of Comparative Risk Assessment Concepts to Oil Spill Preparedness Planning and Response

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Linkov ◽  
Jim R. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Comparative Risk Assessment ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Benefit Evaluation ◽  
Comparative Risk ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) is emerging as a methodology that may be applied to facilitate decision-making when various possible activities compete for limited resources. The CRA framework may be an especially valuable tool for prioritization of remediation efforts and for making choices among various environmental policies specific to oil industry operations. This paper will show that CRA is an efficient and cost-saving tool that assists in developing oil spill response priorities based on the broadest possible range of concerns and issues important to all stakeholders. In addition, the CRA approach allows the cost/benefit evaluation of alternative environmental policies and strategies relative to the baseline risks and disruptions associated with oil spills (as well as other costs and benefits of petroleum use).

scholarly journals Combining operational models and data into a dynamic vessel risk assessment tool for coastal regions

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fernandes ◽  
F. Braunschweig ◽  
F. Lourenço ◽  
R. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Decision Support Model ◽  
Risk Levels

Abstract. The technological evolution in terms of computational capacity, data acquisition systems, numerical modelling and operational oceanography is supplying opportunities for designing and building holistic approaches and complex tools for newer and more efficient management (planning, prevention and response) of coastal water pollution risk events. A combined methodology to dynamically estimate time and space variable shoreline risk levels from ships has been developed, integrating numerical metocean forecasts and oil spill simulations with vessel tracking automatic identification systems (AIS). The risk rating combines the likelihood of an oil spill occurring from a vessel navigating in a study area – Portuguese Continental shelf – with the assessed consequences to the shoreline. The spill likelihood is based on dynamic marine weather conditions and statistical information from previous accidents. The shoreline consequences reflect the virtual spilled oil amount reaching shoreline and its environmental and socio-economic vulnerabilities. The oil reaching shoreline is quantified with an oil spill fate and behaviour model running multiple virtual spills from vessels along time. Shoreline risks can be computed in real-time or from previously obtained data. Results show the ability of the proposed methodology to estimate the risk properly sensitive to dynamic metocean conditions and to oil transport behaviour. The integration of meteo-oceanic + oil spill models with coastal vulnerability and AIS data in the quantification of risk enhances the maritime situational awareness and the decision support model, providing a more realistic approach in the assessment of shoreline impacts. The risk assessment from historical data can help finding typical risk patterns, "hot spots" or developing sensitivity analysis to specific conditions, whereas real time risk levels can be used in the prioritization of individual ships, geographical areas, strategic tug positioning and implementation of dynamic risk-based vessel traffic monitoring.

scholarly journals A guide to toxicity assessment and monitoring effects at lower levels of biological organization following marine oil spills in European waters

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Martínez-Gómez ◽  
A. D. Vethaak ◽  
K. Hylland ◽  
T. Burgeot ◽  
A. Köhler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Marine Oil Spills ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Martínez-Gómez, C., Vethaak, A. D., Hylland, K., Burgeot, T., Köhler, A., Lyons, B. P., Thain, J., Gubbins, M. J., and Davies, I. M. 2010. A guide to toxicity assessment and monitoring effects at lower levels of biological organization following marine oil spills in European waters. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1105–1118. The usefulness of applying biological-effects techniques (bioassays and biomarkers) as tools to assist in evaluating damage to the health of marine ecosystems produced by oil spills has been demonstrated clearly during recent decades. Guidelines are provided for the use of biological-effects techniques in oil spill pollution monitoring for the NE Atlantic coasts and the NW Mediterranean Sea. The emphasis is on fish and invertebrates and on methods at lower levels of organization (in vitro, suborganismal, and individual). Guidance is provided to researchers and environmental managers on: hazard identification of the fuel oil released; selection of appropriate bioassays and biomarkers for environmental risk assessment; selection of sentinel species; the design of spatial and temporal surveys; and the control of potential confounding factors in the sampling and interpretation of biological-effects data. It is proposed that after an oil spill incident, a monitoring programme using integrated chemical and biological techniques be initiated as soon as possible for ecological risk assessment, pollution control, and monitoring the efficacy of remediation. This can be done by developing new biomonitoring programmes or by adding appropriate biological-effects methods to the existing monitoring programmes.

Risk Assessment of Ship Oil Spills in the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 462-467
Author(s):  
Ya Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Accident Probability ◽  
Accident Data

The accidents of ship oil spill have been one of the most significant factors leading to marine pollution, so appropriate approaches to forecast ship oil spill risk has important significance. Risk assessment of ship oil spills is a complex multi-factor issue, which plays a key role of ship oil-spill emergency response. A novel fuzzy evaluation model for risk assessment of ship oil spill is presented by analyzing historic accident data and expert experience. The model is used to compute comprehensive accident probability of ship oil spill and analyze sensitivity of risk factors so as to evaluate ship oil spill risks quantitatively and find out major risk factors which influedce ship oil spill risk. At last, the presented model is applied to study the ship oil spill risk in Ningbo-zhoushan port, the assessment examples are proved to test the feasibility and reliability of the model.

Challenges With Oil Spill Risk Assessment in Arctic Regions: Shipping Along the Northern Sea Route

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Bambulyak ◽  
Rudiger U. Franz von Bock und Polach ◽  
Sören Ehlers ◽  
Are Sydnes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Northern Sea Route

Arctic regions, and thus ice-covered waters, are continuously getting higher in the national and international political agenda. The world demand in energy resources and the need in development of new transportation routes are pushing industrial activities up North where we see prospects and expectations on one side, and gaps and challenges on the other. Industrial development of the new geographic area is complex, and the priority in transportation is given to marine shipping. For the recent years, transit cargo shipping through the North Eastern Passage or the Northern Sea Route (NSR) increased more than 10 times from 0.11 million tons (4 passages) in 2010 to 1.36 million tons (71 passages) in 2013. Although, the numbers are small compared to global cargo shipping, the sensitive Arctic environment requires the establishment of a oil spill recovery system as well as risk mitigation measures. This, in turn, requires the preceding development of a risk assessment methodology for oil spills in ice-covered waters. Therefore, this paper presents the challenges involved in Arctic shipping along the NSR and identifies the knowledge gaps with respect to environmental risk assessment of accidental oil spill.

scholarly journals Environmental sensitivity index for oil spills in colombian rivers (ESI-R): Application for the Magdalena river

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego L. Gil- Agudelo ◽  
Diana Ibarra- Mojica ◽  
Ana María Guevara- Vargas ◽  
Ramón Nieto- Bernal ◽  
Marlon Serrano- Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Environmental Sensitivity ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
Riverine Habitats ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
Further Development

The Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) mapping has been used globally for oil spill planning and response purposes in coastal areas since its development in the 1970s. However, application to riverine habitats has been very limited.  Following US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) formats and adapting them in working sessions held by a multidisciplinary team and in special sessions with experts and consultants in Colombia, this paper describes the development and application of the sensitivity index to develop maps for the conditions of the middle Magdalena River in Colombia.  The index developed (ESI-R) is useful for application on other major rivers in Colombia and areas with similar characteristics.  The use of the index to develop maps for smaller rivers and streams is likely to require further development.

scholarly journals TINGKAT KEPEKAAN MANGROVE INDONESIA TERHADAP TUMPAHAN MINYAK (The Sensitivity Levels of Indonesian Mangrove to Oil Spills)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muarif Muarif ◽  
Ario Damar ◽  
Sigid Hariyadi ◽  
Mennofatria Boer ◽  
Dewayani Soetrisno
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Communities

ABSTRAKKepekaan mangrove merupakan komponen penting dalam menentukan tingkat kepekaan ekosistem mangrove terhadap tumpahan minyak. Mangrove Indonesia dapat dikelompokkan dalam 5 tingkat kepekaan terhadap tumpahan minyak, yaitu tidak peka (Acanthus, Nypa, Inocarpus, Acrostichum), kurang peka (Aegiceras, Excoecaria, Hibiscus, Lumnitzera, Ficus, Scyphiphora, Thespasia, Merope, Osbornea, Pandanus), cukup peka (Bruguiera, Ceriops, Xylocarpus, Heritiera), peka (Rhizophora), dan sangat peka (Avicennia, dan Sonneratia). Penilaian terhadap komunitas mangrove di Indonesia menunjukkan sebagian besar tergolong ke dalam katagori sangat peka dan peka apabila komunitas mangrove tersebut terkena tumpahan minyak. ABSTRACTThe sensitivity of mangrove is an important component to determine the sensitivity of mangrove ecosystem to oil spills. The Indonesian mangrove can be grouped into five levels of sensitivity to the oil spill, include not sensitive (Acanthus, Nypa, Inocarpus, and Acrostichum), low sensitive (Aegiceras, Excoecaria, Hibiscus, Lumnitzera, Ficus, Scyphiphora, Thespasia, Merope, Osbornea, and Pandanus), intermediate sensitive (Bruguiera, Ceriops, Xylocarpus, and Heritiera), sensitive (Rhizophora), and very sensitive (Avicennia, and Sonneratia). Assessment of mangrove communities in Indonesia showed mostly belong to the category of very sensitive and sensitive if the mangrove communities injured by the oil spill.

THE EFFECTS OF OIL SPILLS ON MANGROVE FORESTS: A COMPARISON OF FIVE OIL SPILL SITES IN THE GULF OF MEXICO AND THE CARIBBEAN SEA

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Getter ◽  
Geoffrey I. Scott ◽  
Jacqueline Michel
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Mangrove Communities

ABSTRACT Recent field studies at five oil spill sites where mangroves were affected provide a broad base of information on the response of mangrove communities to oiling. Three study sites in Florida (two in the Florida Keys, one in Tampa Bay) and two in eastern Puerto Rico were visted in 1978, 1979, and 1980. At each site, impacts on mangroves were assessed by the compartmental method, which uses statistical comparisons of ecological parameters between impacted and comparison stations and produces an array of biological and geomorphic data sets that allows spill sites to be compared. Despite many differences in the size of the spills and the spill sites, the responses of the oiled-mangrove communities were similar in terms of tree mortality; leaf defoliation, deformation, and stunting; seedling deformation and mortality; lenticel expansion; adventitious growth of pneumatophores; and changes in the density and distribution of plants and animals. Each spill site differed mainly in the magnitude of the stress response. Observations of the spills showed that differences in the physical environment, such as the degree of exposure to waves and currents and geomorphic features like the terrain, greatly influence the distribution and persistence of oil within different mangrove forest types. From these studies, mangrove forest types can be ranked by their predicted sensitivity to oil. This differentiation in ranking increases the value of the Environmental Sensitivity Index, especially where it is desirable to assign priorities in a campaign to protect oil-sensitive habitats from oil spills along mangrove-dominated coastlines.

Assessment of oil weathering and impact in mangrove ecosystem: PRISME Experiment.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 634-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Jézéquel ◽  
Karine Duboscq ◽  
Léa Sylvi ◽  
Emma Michaud ◽  
Lise Millera Ferriz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Mangrove Sediment ◽  
In Situ Experiment

Abstract 2017-410 Mangroves are among the most sensitive marine ecosystems to oil pollution due both to the sensitivity of mangroves species and to the high persistence of hydrocarbons in these environments. Despite their ecological and socio-economic value, the potential effects of an oil spill on French Guiana mangroves remain so far unknown. Yet, there is an increasing transboundary risk of oil spill due to Brazilian offshore oil exploitation (in mid-April 2013, there were 122 offshore drilling rigs in Brazil, including 29 under construction – Brazilian Amapá region located in the French Guiana border area is thought to become an important world oil production area in the coming years). The aim of the PRISME project was to assess the natural degradation of oil in mangrove sediment as well as its impact on benthic communities (micro, meio and macrobenthos): a one-month in situ experiment was conducted in the young French Guianese mangrove (around 3 years old) at the mouth of the Sinnamary estuary. The experimental units consisted in eight plastic cores (Ø : 10 cm ; height: 30 cm) manually introduced within sediments. A thin layer of oiled sediment (2 cm, 20 000 ppm) was applied on four cores while the remaining four cores were considered as control (no oil addition). Three cores were additionally sampled at the beginning of the experiment as initial control sediments. After one month in situ, the eight cores were collected and sliced on site into different sedimentary layers aliquots for later analyses (hydrocarbons, bacterial, meio, macrofauna fauna diversity, bioturbation, biogeochemical parameters). Samples were sent to the different laboratories involved in this multidisciplinary project. Results and knowledge gained from this experimental work were used to develop an approach for assessing coastal vulnerability for oil spills preparedness in mangroves.

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