scholarly journals Expert Systems as the Basis of Decisions in the Knowledge Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kvesko ◽  
Anna Kornienko ◽  
Bronislav Kvesko ◽  
Nataliya Chicherina
Keyword(s):  
Expert Systems ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Intelligent Information Systems ◽  
Life Functioning ◽  
Intelligent Information

The paper discusses the intelligent information systems as expert systems to meet the challenges of management in the knowledge society. These allow optimization of decision-making and simulation of the human and society activities. The focus is made on the relation between the information structure and globalization. It is emphasized that the information structure becomes the basis of public life functioning, which is based on complex industry of information processing through information technologies. Modern management approach focuses on the "strategy" construct. The latter allows timely and adequate effect. This adequacy, in turn, makes it possible to determine the long-term development of an object. The strategy appears to be optimal if it is supported by resources. Using innovations solves the problem of prediction of generated knowledge. An innovation system is able to initiate transformations in the knowledge system. The tasks solved by the expert systems involve the tasks of combined type, namely the tasks of learning, forecasting and monitoring that ensures forecast completeness, which employs a parametric dynamic model.

scholarly journals Individuals, knowledge and governance in the 21st-century society

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. C04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cerroni
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Social Species ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Process ◽  
Knowledge Circulation ◽  
Structure Of Knowledge

The knowledge society is a new social species that, despite many uncertainties and some (old and new) ambiguities, is emerging on the horizon of the 21st century. Placed at the convergence of two long-term processes (society of individuals and knowledge society), it is characterised by the social-economic process of knowledge circulation, which can be divided into four fundamental phases (generation, institutionalisation, spreading and socialisation). The current situation also sees the traditional (modern) structure of knowledge being outdated by the convergence of nanotechnologies, biotechnologies, information technologies and neuro-cognitive technologies (NBIC). In the background, the need arises to cross the cultural frontier of modernity.

scholarly journals Assessment of risks and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Elena Shevchenko ◽  
Angelika Efremova ◽  
Dmitriy Titarenko ◽  
Aleksey Voloshin ◽  
Inga Artyukhova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Intelligent Information Systems ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Intelligent Information

The paper analyses the risks and threats caused by the development and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies. We believe that these risks and threats need research in the long term. Importantly, the use of intelligent information systems has a twofold effect: it can lead to both positive and negative results. The paper also considers the influence of artificial intelligence technologies on the various activities. It proposes a classification of risks and threats caused by the development and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies by the main spheres of human activity.

scholarly journals Globalization Of Knowledge Discovery And Information Retrieval In Teaching And Learning

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zaidel ◽  
Osiris Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Good News ◽  
Intelligent Information Systems ◽  
Intelligent Information ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Global Brain

Developments in communication and information technologies in the last decade have had a significant impact on instructional and learning activities. For many students and educators, the Internet became the significant medium for sharing instruction, learning and communication. Access to knowledge beyond boundaries and cultures has an impact on methods of teaching and learning, affecting professional education in corporations worldwide. The blending of science with commercial applications, new methods of conducting business, and access to published and preliminary research is not longer limited to leading educational institutions and the northern hemisphere. This paper discusses educational opportunities, reviewing the latest trends in information retrieval, along with new teaching methodologies related to availability and globalization of information. The good news is that the multicultural melding of various intelligences and the global linking of intelligent knowledge systems promises to lend a multicultural wisdom to the selection and provision of information. We hope that this may ultimately contribute to a lessening of the gap between educationally rich and poor nations. In this paper the “digital divide” is seen to be a less vexing problem for the future of globalized intelligent information systems. This system, called the “Global Brain,” ameliorates existing differences in national access to educational content repositories used for teaching and learning.

Information technologies in commerce

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Gavrilov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Intelligent Information Systems ◽  
Visualization Systems ◽  
Intelligent Information ◽  
State Educational

The textbook discusses the technologies of the digital economy in commerce: visualization systems, virtual and mixed reality technologies, risk management, budgeting and planning, service-oriented enterprise architecture. The use of intelligent information systems in the work of the enterprise and for forecasting sales, scoring, combating fraud in the banking sector and trade; wireless information networks of 4G and 5G standards, Internet of Things networks, mobile technologies in the work of retail and wholesale enterprises is shown. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of training "Trade business".

The Central Role of Cognitive Computations in Human-Information Interaction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Tat Fu ◽  
Jessie Chin ◽  
Q. Vera Liao
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Intelligent Information Systems ◽  
Emergent Behaviour ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Intelligent Information

Cognitive science is a science of intelligent systems. This chapter proposes that cognitive science can provide useful perspectives for research on technology-mediated human-information interaction (HII) when HII is cast as emergent behaviour of a coupled intelligent system. It starts with a review of a few foundational concepts related to cognitive computations and how they can be applied to understand the nature of HII. It discusses several important properties of a coupled cognitive system and their implication to designs of information systems. Finally, it covers how levels of abstraction have been useful for cognitive science, and how these levels can inform design of intelligent information systems that are more compatible with human cognitive computations.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Neuropsychiatric Disorders and COVID-19 Neuroinflammation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-55
Author(s):  
Siu Wa Tang ◽  
Daiga Helmeste ◽  
Brian Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Neuropsychiatric sequalae to COVID-19 infection are beginning to emerge, like previous Spanish influenza and SARS episodes. Streptococcal infection in pediatric patients causing OCD (PANDAS) is another recent example of an infection-based psychiatric disorder. Inflammation associated with neuropsychiatric disorders has been previously reported but there is no standard clinical management approach established. Part of the reason is that it is unclear what factors determine the specific neuronal vulnerability and the efficacy of anti-inflammatory treatment in neuroinflammation. The emerging COVID-19 data suggested that in the acute stage, wide-spread neuronal damage appears to be the result of abnormal and overactive immune responses and cytokine storm is associated with poor prognosis. It is still too early to know if there are long term specific neuronal or brain regional damages associated with COVID-19, resulting in distinct neuropsychiatric disorders. In several major psychiatric disorders where neuroinflammation is present, patients with abnormal inflammatory markers may also experience less than favorable response or treatment resistance when standard treatment is used alone. Evidence regarding the benefits of co-administered anti-inflammatory agents such as COX-2 inhibitor is encouraging in selected patients though may not benefit others. Disease modifying therapies are increasingly being applied to neuropsychiatric diseases characterized by abnormal or hyperreactive immune responses. Adjunct anti-inflammatory treatment may benefit selected patients and is definitely an important component of clinical management in the presence of neuroinflammation.

scholarly journals Adopt, adapt, or abandon technology-supported person-centred care initiatives: healthcare providers’ beliefs matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Dyb ◽  
Gro Rosvold Berntsen ◽  
Lisbeth Kvam
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care

Abstract Background Technology support and person-centred care are the new mantra for healthcare programmes in Western societies. While few argue with the overarching philosophy of person-centred care or the potential of information technologies, there is less agreement on how to make them a reality in everyday clinical practice. In this paper, we investigate how individual healthcare providers at four innovation arenas in Scandinavia experienced the implementation of technology-supported person-centred care for people with long-term care needs by using the new analytical framework nonadoption, abandonment, and challenges to the scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) of health and care technologies. We also discuss the usability and sensitivity of the NASSS framework for those seeking to plan, implement, and evaluate technology-supported healthcare programmes. This study is part of an interdisciplinary research and development project called Patients and Professionals in Partnership (2016–2020). It originates at one of ten work packages in this project. Method The main data consist of ethnographic field observations at the four innovation arenas and 29 interviews with involved healthcare providers. To ensure continuous updates and status on work in the four innovation arenas, we have also participated in a total of six annual network meetings arranged by the project. Results While the NASSS framework is very useful for identifying and communicating challenges with the adoption and spread of technology-supported person-centred care initiatives, we found it less sensitive towards capturing the dedication, enthusiasm, and passion for care transformation that we found among the healthcare providers in our study. When it comes to technology-supported person-centred care, the point of no return has passed for the involved healthcare providers. To them, it is already a definite part of the future of healthcare services. How to overcome barriers and obstacles is pragmatically approached. Conclusion Increased knowledge about healthcare providers and their visions as potential assets for care transformation might be critical for those seeking to plan, implement, and evaluate technology-supported healthcare programmes.

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