The Subject and Concept of Innovation Activity (Projection on Russian Specifics)

The role of innovations in the development of society is considered. It is shown that innovations are a routine economic process of enterprise development, requiring the involvement of a number of resources for implementation. The availability of resources, the complexity of their acquire and use determine the demand for innovative approaches to the development of enterprises and the economy as a whole. The article compares the problems of innovative development faced by enterprises and scientific organizations abroad and in Russia. The differences in the problems and tasks that need to be solved are shown. As a result, the approaches to stimulating innovative development that are used abroad do not always give comparable results in Russia. At the same time, there are problems in Russia that are not relevant abroad and, as a result, are not discussed there. The focus on borrowing foreign solutions leads to the fact that the tasks relevant for Russia are not discussed in the expert community and are not solved practically.

FORECASTING THE ECONOMIC PROCESS USING ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS

The article considers the necessity of using econometric research methods in the analysis and forecasting of economic processes and phenomena. A concrete example of managerial decision making examined in the given article is based on the assumption of an econometric model and it’s ability to analyze the effectiveness of applying different types of advertising on the company's activities

Review on the implication on the control of transboundary and trade barrier animal diseases in Ethiopia

Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs) are highly contagious diseases of livestock within the world. they need importance within the international trade of animals and animal products. With rapidly increasing globalization, associated risk of transboundary disease is emerging. They reduce production and productivity, disrupt local and national economies, and also threaten human health (zoonosis). Transboundary diseases are a priority globally, cumulative effort is required at the international level to attenuate the spread of infectious diseases across the borders. except for sub-Saharan African countries more particularly, eradication of most Transboundary animal diseases is impossible thanks to various technical, financial and logistical reasons like increased outbreaks of transboundary animal diseases droughts and market issues. In Ethiopia Transboundary animal diseases are endemic livestock diseases that cause market limits. This imposes far-reaching challenges for agricultural scientists on the critically important have to improve technologies in animal production and health so as to confirm food security, poverty alleviation and to assist the economic process. The international approach to the management of TADs is predicated on the belief that the majority is often eradicated. However, in developing countries, eradication of most TADs is difficult for a range of technical, financial and logistical reasons. General TADs combating strategies include prevention, early warning, early detection and early control.

REPRODUCTION OF LABOR RESOURCES AND LABOR MOBILIZATION OF THE POPULATION OF THE USSR UNDER WAR TIME (1941-1945)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the reproduction of labor resources in 1941-1945 and the role of labor mobilization in this process. The changes in all phases of the reproduction of labor resources during the Great Patriotic War are determined. Using information from central archives and regional studies, the author analyzes the main types of labor resources, the scale of attracting the population to work. The novelty of the research lies in the consideration of labor resources from the point of view of the economic process of reproduction of labor resources, its transformation. The researcher makes the following conclusions: firstly, the process of reproduction of labor resources was adapted to wartime conditions; secondly, labor resources was the main source of staff replenishment, which made it possible to attract about 12 million people for permanent and seasonal work.

Reassessment of the Concept of Momentum in Econophysics

We examine the most basic feature of the economic process - momentum - under the point of view of analogies with physical laws, as they were reformulated recently [1]. Our approach is applied with minimal assumptions and we conclude that the inclusion of entropy as an effective variable in econophysics may bring a new vision of economic progress and the possibility to harness economic waves as a means to transport development from rich to poor countries using trade and technological progress. A new technical indicator for the stock market is proposed offering double opportunities on enter and exit trades, when compared to the Relative Strength Index usually used in analysis of financial markets.

Utilization of Biomass Flyash in Cementitious Application

The use of biomass fly ash in concrete and composite materials is designed to ensure optimum use of fly ash and the development of the economic process. This report justifies the purpose of this project and why it is important for the environment and human health to use fly ash. The report also suggests how to use fly ash best and how to archive it.

Modernization of Ukraine's economy: strategic aspects

The paper considers the issue of modernization of Ukrainian economy through the prism of strategic aspects of its implementation. The introduction states that the constant renewal of the economy, which is designed to ensure the lag of Ukrainian development from the developed countries, is based on the successful modernization of the economy in the direction of democratic and dynamic development of the country. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the need to modernize the economy of Ukraine and characterize the strategic directions of its implementation. It is explained what efforts the state needs to make for the successful modernization of the economic system of Ukraine, given the globalization changes in modern society. It is substantiated that effective structural modernization of the economy requires adequate financial support, which is designed to ensure qualitative change in society. It is argued that public policy in the field of economic modernization should be part of the overall mechanism of modernization, which involves solving three interrelated problems. The conditions to be met by successful reforms in the field of economic modernization have been determined. It is proved that the strategic directions of modernization of Ukraine's economy should take into account the need to implement reforms in accordance with the need to introduce the most effective formats, mechanisms and principles of economic process management in the country. Strategic directions of modernization of Ukrainian economy at the present stage are formulated. In conclusion, it is substantiated that the modernization of the Ukrainian economy is an objectively necessary and inevitable process designed to ensure the growth of welfare and the development of positive transformational changes in the country. Modernization changes must be carried out in accordance with certain efforts of the state aimed at obtaining the best result of the functioning of the economic system. It is concluded that reforms in the economy of Ukraine should be carried out in accordance with a clear strategy of its development and strategic directions, which will implement the chosen state course to modernize the national economy and build an economic system in accordance with the level of developed countries.

PROBLEMIC ASPECTS OF THE PARTICIPATION OF THE FORENSIC EXPERT IN THE ECONOMIC COURT PROCEEDINGS

The purpose of the article is to study the problematic aspects of the participation of a forensic expert in the economic proceedings of Ukraine. The reliability of the results and conclusions obtained is provided by a combination of research methods at the general scientific and special levels. In particular, from the standpoint of the systemic-structural method, the authors clarified the specifics of the change in the status of an expert as one of the other participants in the trial after the reform of the economic procedural legislation. Using the formal-logical method, the author identifies the forms of expert participation in the business process and the mechanism for their implementation. Using the comparative legal method on examples of judicial practice, the content and correlation of the legal and procedural status of an expert in economic proceedings are revealed. It is argued that the connection, interdependence and mutual transitions of the subject link of economic proceedings of the form: expert—judicial examiner—expert-professional correspond to the categories general—special—single. The provision on the variable and periodic nature of acquiring the economic procedural status of an expert has been substantiated, the nature of the grounds for its acquisition has been classified into types of imperative, imperative blanket, dispositive, dispositive-blanket and forms of expert participation in the economic process according to the criteria of territoriality, the content of expert and procedural activities. It has been established that, in accordance with the Economic Procedural Code of Ukraine, an expert can be appointed by the court or attracted by a participant in the case, that is, act as a subject who can be entrusted with the direct examination, such persons should be considered as: a state forensic expert; private forensic expert; professional expert. It is proposed to consider it a general requirement for them to possess the special knowledge necessary to provide a reasoned and objective written opinion on the questions posed. A special requirement for forensic experts is their inclusion in the state Register of certified forensic experts. The provision on the variable nature of the acquisition of the procedural status of an expert on the initiative of other persons, which this person receives periodically and does not possess permanently—at the time of assignment (appointment or involvement) to him, to conduct and formalize the results of expert proceedings at the stages of pretrial investigation and judicial consideration of a specific economic case, has been substantiated. The article proves the provision on the dynamism of the requirements for the number of experts and the quality (class, experience, industry) of their special knowledge, which mainly depend on the type (primary, additional, repeated, commission, complex) and complexity of the examination of the case. It has been established that the mechanism for implementing the forms of participation of an expert in the economic process is of a binding nature, in which the expert acts as an obliged person regarding arrival at the court upon his summons on the basis of his own initiative or at the request of the participants in the case.

Maintenance Management of Infrastructure Systems: Organizational Factors in Territorial Planning

The issue of the maintenance of the infrastructure systems (e.g., viaducts, roads, bridges and highways), built some decades ago, is increasingly becoming a central argument. Within this topic, the safety assessment represents a fundamental as well as basic analysis that underpins a sustainable territorial management of the infrastructure systems. In fact, many structures are often affected by functionality, aging or safety problems and need specific interventions to avoid undesirable impacts in terms of social implications. In addition, the reference stakeholders, in terms of institutions and public actors, play an important role in relation to both the administrative and economic planning procedures. The present study has the preliminary aim to illustrate some possible contributions and improvements to achieve a more sustainable territorial planning, especially for the maintenance of the infrastructure systems. In detail, the present preliminary investigation highlights the possible advantages deriving from the use of the technology (i.e., remote sensing technique by means of satellite data - Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar “DInSAR”) within an analysis at territorial scale. Indeed, the activity of monitoring all the overall infrastructure system can represent a useful approach to have a territorial vision of the safety of the infrastructures and can lead to a more sustainable planning. In fact, the involvement of all the reference stakeholders, in relation to this specific territorial issue, can lead to a more organised administrative and economic process. Some preliminary results, shown through thematic maps using the Geographic Information System (GIS), are described for a case study in a sample area in Italy.

Economy Through Orders

Ordoliberals studied the manifestations of power through a “morphological” lens (opposing the centrally administered economy to the economy of exchange), leading Eucken to take a stand in relation to two of the great international discussions of the discipline in the interwar years: the feasibility of a socialist calculation and the debate over imperfect/monopolistic market structures. The theoretical substance of these two debates is closely related to a political quest for stability of the economic and social order. The centrally administered economy is characterized by the strong influence of what ordoliberals saw as illegitimate powers on the economic process. But ordoliberals considered that, within the exchange economy system itself, markets were not free from power relations. The contribution of Stackelberg to the analysis of unbalanced market structures is therefore indispensable for understanding the literary marginalism of the ordoliberals.