scholarly journals Chemical recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (waste water bottles) for improving the properties of asphalt mixture

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alzuhairi ◽  
Ahmed Al-Ghaban ◽  
Shams Almutalabi
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Penetration Tests ◽  
Property Modification

One of the most prevalent of waste materials is Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) which is used mainly to produce the drinking water bottles. In this research, the waste plastic bottles, which are normally made from PET was used to investigate the possibility of using this material as an additive in asphalt concrete mixtures. Six different proportions (w/w %) of Degradated Polyethylene Terephthalate (DPET) (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12%) have been added to bitumen to prepare the specimens. The tests include Marshall Method of mix design and coating with asphalt. The results indicated that the mixture property modification increased as the content of (DPET) increases. This additive gives maximum flexibility and rigidity of the asphalt, according to ductility and penetration tests. Marshall Method gives better resistance against permanent deformations and better engineering properties in terms of stability, flow value, air voids and water absorption comparing with non-modified mixtures.

Image Analysis Evaluation of Aggregates for Asphalt Concrete Mixtures

1998 ◽  
Vol 1615 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yi Kuo ◽  
Reed B. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Pavement Engineering ◽  
Recent Developments

The performance of asphalt concrete mixtures is influenced by the properties of the included aggregates, such as grading, shape (angularity and elongation), and texture (roughness). Complete and accurate quantification of aggregate properties is essential for understanding their influence on asphalt concrete and for selecting aggregates to produce high-quality paving mixtures. Recent developments in the use of digital image analysis techniques for quantifying aggregate morphological characteristics in asphalt concrete are summarized. Image morphological characteristics were used to quantify flatness and elongation of coarse aggregates, to estimate the proportion of natural sand in fine aggregates, and to correlate aggregate characteristics with engineering properties of asphalt concrete mixtures. Image analysis of sections also revealed information about the grading, shape, and orientation of coarse aggregates in a mixture. An overview is presented of the broad range of useful pavement engineering applications of this relatively new approach for evaluating aggregate characteristics.

The Influence of Coconut Shell as Coarse Aggregates in Asphalt Mixture

2016 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 227-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Amiera Jeffry ◽  
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽  
Norhafizah Manap ◽  
Nurfatin Aqeela Miron ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Significant quantities of coconut shell (CS), a by-product of agriculture, can be used as an artificial source of coarse aggregates. In this study, four CSs were used as coarse aggregates replacement in asphalt concrete with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% weight volumes. The particle sizes of the CSs used as main coarse aggregates range from 5 mm to 20 mm. The Marshall Stability test shows that the optimum bitumen content for asphalt mixtures is 5.1%. The engineering properties investigated include the volumetric, dynamic creep, indirect tensile strength, and resilient modulus. Test results show that stability decreases with increasing CS content because of high water absorption. Considering that CSs absorb bitumen, a further detailed investigation is needed to assess the performance of modified bitumen on mixture. Furthermore, the use of CSs as coarse aggregates in asphalt concrete help increase the resilient modulus, stiffness, and indirect tensile strength up to 30%. Generally, a 10% replacement of coarse aggregates with CSs is the optimal limit.

Laboratory Study on Cold-Mixtures for Asphalt Pavement

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1361-1364
Author(s):  
Shi Bin Ma ◽  
Li Jie Wang ◽  
Guo Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Mechanistic Analysis ◽  
Cleavage Strength

The main purpose of recycling is to reuse existing pavement material. First this paper reviews the necessary, feasibility and mechanistic analysis of recycled asphalt mixture, then summarizes the findings of a laboratory study to characterize and design recycled asphalt concrete mixtures using different tests. The laboratory tests carried out on the material were conventional test methods including unconfined compressive strength, cleavage strength, resilient modulus and shrinkage properties tests. The results of the laboratory can be taken as reference in design, engineering and further research．

scholarly journals Evaluating the Role of Aggregate Gradation on Cracking Performance of Asphalt Concrete for Thin Overlays

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Garcia-Gil ◽  
Rodrigo Miró ◽  
Félix Pérez-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Cracking Performance

Thin asphalt concrete overlays are a maintenance technique that mainly restore the functional properties of pavements. One of the main issues in thin overlays is reflective cracking that can cause early deterioration and reduce their service life. For this reason, the purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effect of material selection on cracking performance of asphalt concrete mixtures for thin overlays. In particular, this paper evaluates the role of aggregate skeleton gradation. The study of the effect of aggregate gradation was divided into two stages: (1) fine fraction content and (2) maximum nominal aggregate size. Based on this, up to seven asphalt mixture gradations were designed and evaluated through the Fénix test at different test temperatures. The results showed a significant correlation between the fine fraction content, and maximum nominal aggregate size, and the cracking performance of the asphalt concrete mixtures. Mixtures manufactured with a low content of fine aggregates, as well as small nominal maximum size, experienced a further improvement of their toughness. These results reflected the importance of considering not only the effect of asphalt binder and environmental conditions but also aggregate gradation in the design of asphalt concrete mixtures in order to achieve a desirable cracking performance.

Recycling of Kaolin Processing Waste as Aggregate in Asphalt Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 717 ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria del Pilar Durante Ingunza ◽  
Olavo Francisco dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Cibele Gouveia Costa
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Concrete Mixtures

The aim of the present study is to assess the incorporation of kaolin processing waste as partial substitute for aggregates in asphalt concrete. Mixtures elaborated from the conventional mixture with the gradual incorporation of kaolin processing waste (5 to 40%) were evaluated by volumetric composition, mechanical behavior and susceptibility to moisture tests, obeying current Brazilian norms, according with international standards. The results show that the coarse kaolin waste displays grains with varying diameters, and, as such, can substitute part of the conventional aggregates and filler used in an asphalt mixture. Moreover, its mineralogical composition showed the same minerals in the composition of conventional aggregates used in paving. The assessment of the mechanical behavior of these mixtures indicate that the increased waste levels in the mixtures studied caused an increase in stability and a reduction in tensile strength. When susceptibility to moisture was considered, the results indicate that up to 25% of residue can be used as a substitute for conventional aggregates.

scholarly journals UJI DURABILITAS CAMPURAN AC-WC MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI LIMBAH PLASTIK DAN ABU SERABUT KELAPA SEBAGAI FILLER

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-688
Author(s):  
Ondriani Ondriani ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh ◽  
Muhammad Isya
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Strength And Durability

Abstract: The cause of damage and strength reductionon highway flexible pavement isthe low strength and durability on the wear layer. To cope withthis problem, it is necessary to add some particular additivethat can increase the asphalt concrete performance. One of the additional material that can be used are plastic. Stone ash, cement and fly ash has been commonly used as a filler in asphalt mixture. But these kind of filler was hard to get and the price were relatively expensive. The coconut fiber ash wich has a specific grafity greater than asphalt is expected to be one alternative. This research aims to determine the influence of plastic wastecombination substitution into the asphalt pen. 60/70 and the use of coconut fiber ash as filler on AC-WC mixture performance. The plastic used in this research is polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene and polystyrene. The early stages of this research is to find the optimum asphalt content (OAC). After OAC obtained, then the specimens were mixed without and with the combination substitution of plastic waste as much as 2.7%; 4.7%; 6.7% against the weight of  asphalt on OAC + 0.5% with and without the coconut fiber ash as a filler. The study results showed the use of plastic waste combination and the coconut fiber ash can not improve the durability value. The highest value of durability obtained at 4.7% combination substitution of plastic waste, it was 77.53%, While the lowest was in substitution of 6.7% plastic waste combination with 38.27% coconut fiber  ash as a filler. The duration value of AC-WC mixture with plastic waste combination substitution and the use of coconut fiber ash filler did not meet the requirement that is 90%.Abstrak: Penyebab kerusakan dan penurunan kekuatan perkerasan lentur jalan raya adalah rendahnya kekuatan dan keawetan di dalam lapisan aus. Untuk menanggulangi hal ini dibutuhkan suatu bahan tambah yang dapat meningkatkan lapis aspal beton. Salah satu bahan tambah yang dapat di gunakan adalah plastik. Abu batu, semen dan fly ash sudah biasa digunakan sebagai filler dalam campuran aspal. Tetapi, jenis filler tersebut susah didapatkan dan harganya relatif mahal. Abu serabut kelapa yang memiliki berat jenis lebih besar dari aspal, diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai durabilitas campuran AC-WC menggunakan kombinasi limbah plastik dan abu serabut kelapa. Plastik yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Polyethylene Terephthalate, Polypropylenedan Polystyrene. Tahap awal penelitian ini adalah mencari kadar aspal optimum (KAO). Setelah KAO didapat kemudian dilakukan pembuatan benda uji tanpa dan dengan substitusi kombinasi limbah plastik sebesar 2,7%; 4,7%; 6;7% terhadap berat aspal pada KAO + 0,5% tanpa dan dengan abu serabut kelapa sebagai filler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan kombinasi limbah plastik tidak dapat meningkatkan nilai durabilitas. Nilai durabilitas tertinggi didapat pada substitusi kombinasi limbah plastik 4,7% yaitu 77,53% sedangkan yang terendah terdapat pada subtitusi kombinasi limbah plastik 6,7% dengan filler abu serabut kelapa yaitu 38,27%. Nilai Durabilitas campuran AC-WC dengan substitusi kombinasi limbah plastik   dan penggunaan abu serabut kelapa sebagai filler tidak memenuhi syarat yaitu 90%.

scholarly journals Assessing the Moisture and Aging Susceptibility of Cold Mix Asphalt Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Zahraa Ahmed Samor ◽  
Saad Issa Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Age Related

Laboratory experience in Iraq with cold asphalt concrete mixtures is very limited. The design and use of cold mixed asphalt concrete had no technical requirements. In this study, two asphalt concrete mixtures used for the base course were prepared in the laboratory using conventional cold-mixing techniques to test cold asphalt mixture (CAM) against aging and moisture susceptibility. Cold asphalt mixtures specimens have been prepared in the lab with cutback and emulsion binders, different fillers, and curing times. Based on the Marshal test result, the cutback proportion was selected with the filler, also based on the Marshal test emulsion. The first mixture was medium setting cationic emulsion (MSCE) as a binder, hydrated lime, and ordinary portland cement as a filler (7.95% MSCE + 2%HL + 3% OPC). The second mixture used was medium curing cutback (MC-250) as a binder and ordinary portland cement as a filler (5.18% MC 250 + 5% OPC). The indirect tensile strength (ITS) of the samples was measured at 25 ° C. It was found that the cold mix with the MSCE binder had a high ITS value relative to the cold mix with the cutback asphalt binder (MC-250). The dry mixture of MSCE  ITS was approximately 3.77 times the dry mixture of MC-250. The MSCE wet mix was about 4.2 times the wet MC-250 mix. Tensile strength ratio result (TSR %) for the MSCE binder mix and the cutback MC-250 binder mix showed that the MSCE mix has a reasonable moisture resistance (77% ) compared to the MC-250 mix (69.2 %). The aging test and aging ratio result showed that asphalt binder oxidation has a significant effect on age-related pavement degradation as it changes the time-temperature relationship depending on the viscoelastic properties of the asphalt binder. The result clearly showed that the MSCE binder mix had a high resistance to aging (440 Kpa) compared to the cutback (MC-250) binder mix (110 Kpa). In contrast, the MSCE aging ratio (90 %) was higher than the MC-250 ratio (85 %).

Preliminary Study on X-Ray Computed Tomography to Evaluate Voids in Porous Asphalt Concrete

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Lin ◽  
Ming Chin Yeh ◽  
Po Hsun Sung ◽  
R. H. Shiu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Porous Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Pore Clogging

The study applies Computed Tomography technology to probe into the porous asphalt concrete and air voids content, and at the same time, try to qualify accessible voids and closed voids and to use the result to evaluate the performance of porous asphalt concrete. The nominal maximum aggregate of this study is 19.0mm. In order to adjust the image of the gray threshold, the void of PAC specimen was obtained by cut-and-try method with the mix design. After scanning through the PAC specimen, the self-innovated software is used to calculate the Va(%), accessible voids and closed voids. After careful calculation, it showed that the accessible voids are about 20.3%, and the closed voids are about 1.15%. Base on the study, it could analyze the effect of pore clogging in PAC with improved the durability and lifetime.

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