scholarly journals The appliance of prefabricated soil-cement slabs processed with a hydrophobizing material for the road construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04026
Author(s):  
Sergey Sannikov ◽  
Sergey Kuyukov ◽  
Alexey Zamyatin ◽  
Alexandr Zhigailov

The paper presents a complex method for increasing water resistance and reducing crack formation by using a prefabricated foundation of soil-cement slabs with surface processing with a hydrophobizing material on basis of organosilicon compounds. Theoretical, laboratory and full-scale experimental studies were made. Theoretical studies are based on the substantiation of the geometric parameters of the slab in order to exclude the probability of its destruction under its own weight during building and installation works. The result of the first stage of laboratory studies is the determination of the optimum composition of soil-cement mixture in order to achieve a grade of strength M20. At the second stage, the effectiveness of the influence of hydrophobizing materials "Tiprom U" and "Penetron-Admix" on water absorption and compressive strength of soil-cement was determined. The final stage of the research was a full-scale experiment. In the factory environment, soil-cement slabs were manufactured in metal forms. Based on the results of the research, conclusions about the effectiveness of this complex method were made. The use of soil-cement slabs allows reducing crack formation, as well as to work all year round due to manufacturing and surface treatment of slabs in the factory conditions.

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Elsa Eka Putri ◽  
Doni Rinaldi Basri ◽  
Bayu Martanto Adji

Riau Province has the largest peat soil on Sumatra island. Peat soil has a low bearing capacity and very deep hard soil depth, even in some places up to 16 meters depth. This condition makes the construction of roads on peat soils will experience significant and unavoidable degradation and damage if no special handling is conducted. One of the efforts to overcome the situation in road construction is the use of foam mortar which has been developed by the Road and Bridge Research Centre (PUSJATAN) in 2013 which discovered the Foam Mortar Light Pile technology. This foam mortar is a cement mixture that has a lower density than water. This study conducted further research on finding the ratio of Cement vs. Sand in foam mortar which has a specific gravity smaller than water. The sand comes from Teratak Buluh Village, Kampar Regency, Riau Province and Cement (PCC) comes from Padang City, West Sumatra Province. The cement and sand ratio was varied; 1C:0.7S, 1C:0.8S, 1C:0.9S, 1C:1.0S, 1C:1.1S and 1C:1.2S. Cylindrical samples with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm were subjected to a compression test using a modified CBR tool at the 7 day curing time. From the test results, samples at a ratio of 1C: 0.7S and 1C: 0.8S can float in water, with a density of 0.77 tonne/m3 and compressive strength of 901.20 kPa and a density of 0.83 tonne/m3 with a compressive strength of 971.35 kPa respectively.


2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arsyad ◽  
Indrasurya B. Mochtar ◽  
Noor Endah Mochtar

Abstract, in case of the construction of road in soft soil, it is necessary toconsider the use of materials around the road construction site, and not touse selected material which is imported from outside the road constructionsite. Thus, aim to overcome the difficulties of using selected materials, namely the difficulty to obtain the materials, the price of expensivematerials , the freight of material that could takes a long time period, highcost, and the use of materials that tend to be environmentally unfriendly. Itis very necessary to learn about the use of nonstandard additive materials, taken to the road construction site, but with the use of geotextilereinforcement. The research method used is a full scale method in the formof trial embankment, so that the performance of the road can be observedfor a long period of time due to the traffic and soil settlement. The resultsobtained is settlement that occur on the road from the combination ofordinary embankment material and local material, most frequently occuredin a larger percentage of ordinary embankment than the local material. While the visual value is relevant to the settlement in which a largerpercentage of ordinary embankment results in a better visual value, due tothe quality of the ordinary embankment material is better than the localmaterial.


2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 01054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim S. Tynchenko ◽  
Vyacheslav E. Petrenko ◽  
Alexander V. Murygin

The article suggests the use of indirect measurements to control the process of induction soldering. Based on the equations of thermodynamics, it is proposed a scheme for approximating the temperature values in the solder zone on the basis of information from pyrometric sensors aimed at an area remote from the soldered joint site. A model-algorithmic instrument for indirect temperature measurements in the soldering technological process is developed, the scheme of which is presented in the article. The software of waveguide paths induction soldering control in the form of an already existing system module has been developed, which allows not only to carry out experimental studies on control algorithms, but also to implement a full-scale experiment, the results of which confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Duggan ◽  
M. T. Lowcock ◽  
B. C. Staples

This paper discusses the parameters likely to influence the crack-formation life of components. In particular, the relationship between the fatigue life of plain and notched specimens is considered, and a mathematical model for predicting the crack-formation life of components is proposed. This allows for the effects of mean stresses and strains and is dependent upon the determination of local material behaviour. The approach is original in that it makes allowances for the influence of the degree of plasticity around a notch, represented in terms of the strain gradient. The Neuber method is evoked, suitably modified to allow for strain gradient effects, and strain gradients are estimated by differentiating Neuber's rule in the immediate vicinity of the notch. Experimental studies have been conducted to determine strain distributions, strain gradients and cyclic lives, and the results compared with predicted values; correlation is good.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Larisa Svatovskaya ◽  
Anastasia Sychovа ◽  
Maxim Sychov

This research is relevant in the light of a need to protect lithosphere from pollution. A solution to this problem can be the exercise of a geoecoprotective function by using building and construction technologies. Phosphate-containing bonding agents usually have low solubility in water. They are made of aluminosilicates that occur in common clay. These minerals react with phosphoric acid to release phosphates and silica gel with absorption properties. The purpose of this research is to make fake rocks from phosphate clay material, intended for building and construction purposes, and to investigate their longevity. The material used was treated to neutralize and detoxify the mobile ionic contaminants and heavy metal compounds, as well as petroleum pollutants, so that at the end we could get construction material like fake rocks or improved aggregates that would be good for the environment. These cement systems are called the geoecoprotective systems. The leading methods that were applied were thermodynamic and experimental studies of service and geoecoprotective properties of phosphate-containing cement systems, more specifically fake landscape rocks. Selected studies lasted for more than 10 years, and were carried out in accordance with the guidelines, adopted in the Russian Federation. This research shows that phosphate-containing cement systems made from contaminated clay/sandy artificial soils have long-lasting properties like strength, frost resistance, water resistance and contaminant binding. From this perspective, they are good for building and construction. For example, they can be used to improve the contaminated soil on road construction sites by detoxifying it until water-resistant products, and to make long-lasting water-resistant solutions from local raw materials that would be good for waste storage.                                                      


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-781
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Nakazawa ◽  
Yohsuke Kawamata ◽  
Satoru Shibuya ◽  
Shoji Kato ◽  
Kyung-Beom Jeong ◽  
...  

There exists many road embankments in Japan which are not earthquake resistant. For example, a road embankment collapsed at Okuradani IC in Hyogo Prefecture during the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake of 1995. In 2009, a road embankment along the Tomei Expressway collapsed during an earthquake with epicenter in Suruga Bay. Road failure makes relief activity and transportation of goods difficult, causing social damage. Furthermore, recovery of damaged embankments takes much time and cost. Accordingly, it is important to conduct research on methods of construction which would help build embankments inexpensively and swiftly. Against this background, a full-scale experiment was conducted at E-Defense to confirm the validity of a method of construction that uses flexible container bag to pack soil for quick embankment recovery. Generally, flexible container bags are easy to handle, and ensure and maintain the earthquake resistance performance of embankments after the completion of recovery work, taking the longer life time of the reinforced structure into consideration. In the experiment, two kinds of reinforced structures with flexible container bags stacked differently were placed at either toe of the slope of an embankment of height 4 m, and shake tests were performed three times to compare the effectiveness of both reinforced structures. For both kinds of structures, the flexible container bags were stacked in two tiers and compressed from top and bottom using compression plates to make the structures rigid. One of the structures was one-tier type where the flexible container bags were stacked in series and the other was two-tier type where the flexible container bags were stacked along the side of the embankment. In the case with the target acceleration of sine wave of 376 Gal, crack occurred on the reinforced structure of one-tier type, but the embankment collapsed a little near the top of the slope. There was little displacement in both reinforced structures, hence, it is judged that the deformation would not impair the functionality of the road. As for the seismic performance, it can be said that the two-tier type would be slightly superior to one-tier type, however, this assumption cannot be evaluated decisively under the present circumstances. For practical use in future, form, size, workability, and economy of embankment should be examined for designing and construction which takes the specification of the structure into consideration.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem Tiraturyan

One of the most important tasks of the road industry at the moment is the development of effective mechanisms for managing the state of flexible pavement, taking into account its actual residual resource. The paper presents new algorithms of the mechanic-statistical approach to the estimation of the residual resource of flexible pavements, formulated on the basis of a complex of theoretical and experimental studies. One of the main indicators of the response of a road structure to a dynamic effect is to use the density of the energy dissipated, calculated from the area of the dynamic hysteresis loop, under the influence of the calculating car wheel. In the course of full-scale measurements, general statistical regularities in the distribution of the basic structural parameters of structural elements of flexible pavements (elastic moduli, coefficients of layer damping) are established. It was revealed that the statistical distribution of elastic moduli and coefficients of damping of layers of flexible pavements obeys a logarithmically normal law. The regularities of the change in the mathematical expectation and dispersion of the elastic moduli and coefficients of damping of constructive layers of flexible pavements are established. An experimental technique for determining the coefficients of damping of constructive layers of flexible pavements has been developed based on the results of recording the amplitude-time characteristic on the surface of a pavement covering using the FWD. On the basis of a set of studies, algorithms for the mechanic-statistical method for estimating the residual life of flexible pavements and the designation of reinforcement layers based on technical monitoring have been developed, combining numerical simulation algorithms to determine the design values of the road construction resource, as well as experimental measurements permitting any stage of operation of pavement, set the values of the actual residual life, the remaining service life, gamma-percentage of residual life, gamma percentage residual life.


Respuestas ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Carlos Hernando Higuera-Sandoval

Objetivo: El presente artículo muestra de manera detallada el efecto de la temperatura en la determinación del módulo dinámico del cemento asfáltico y el módulo dinámico de la mezcla asfáltica. Metodología: Para la investigación se consideraron las temperaturas medias anuales ponderadas más representativas de las regiones del departamento de Boyacá de 13°C a 20°C, también la velocidad de operación de sus carreteras de 30, 50, 70 y 100 Km/hora y se analizaron dos cementos asfálticos del tipo AC 60 – 70 y AC 80 – 100, estipulados en el artículo INV 400-13 de las especificaciones generales de construcción de carreteras del Instituto Nacional de Vías – INVIAS - 2013 y que son de uso frecuente en la construcción de pavimentos en el departamento de Boyacá. Para la determinación de los módulos dinámicos del asfalto y de la mezcla asfáltica se siguió la metodología de la SHELL y se analizaron las variables como la temperatura media anual ponderada del aire – TMAP, la temperatura de trabajo de la mezclas – tmix, la velocidad de operación de las carreteras – Vop, el tiempo de aplicación de la carga – t, la frecuencia de la aplicación de la carga – F y el índice de penetración del asfalto – IP. Resultados: Se presentan los módulos dinámicos del asfalto y de la mezcla asfáltica para diferentes temperaturas medias anuales ponderadas y diferentes velocidades de operación de las carreteras del Departamento de Boyacá, para los asfaltos tipo AC 60-70 y AC 80-100. Conclusión: El aporte de este trabajo de investigación es de gran utilidad para los ingenieros de diseño de estructuras de pavimentos, porque permite conocer el módulo dinámico de una mezcla asfáltica densa en caliente tipo INVIAS MDC-19 para rodadura, teniendo en cuenta la temperatura media anual ponderada de la zona del proyecto y las características de operación de la carretera, variables fundamentales para el diseño de las estructuras de pavimento flexible.Abstract Objective: This article shows in detail the effect of temperature on the determination of the dynamic module of asphaltic cement and the dynamic module of the asphalt mix. Method: Average pondered annual temperatures of the most representative Regions of the department of Boyaca ranging 13 ° C to 20 ° C were considered, as well as the speed of operation of its highways 30, 50, 70 and 100 km / hour and were considered, and two asphalt cements the type AC 60 - 70 and AC 80 – 100 which are stipulated in the article INV 400-13 of the general speciications for road construction of the National roads Institute - INVIAS - 2013 of frequent use in the pavement construction in the department of Boyaca. For the determination of the dynamic modules of asphalt and asphalt mixture the methodology SHELL was followed and variables as the weighted average annual air temperature TMAP, temperature Working Mixtures - TMIX, Speed Operation of roads - VOP, the application time load - t, the frequency of application of the load - F and the rate of penetration asphalt - IP were analyzed. Results: Dynamic modules asphalt and asphalt mixture paragraph for different annual pondered average temperatures and different speeds of operation of the roads on the Department of Boyaca are presented, for asphalts type AC 60-70 and AC 80-100. Conclusion: The contribution of this research work is very useful for Design Engineers of pavement structures as it allows to know the dynamic module of a hot-dense asphalt mixture of the type INVIAS MDC-19 for rolling, taking into account the annual pondered average temperature of the project area and the operating characteristics of the road, fundamental variables for the design of lexible pavement structures.Palabras clave: Diseño de pavimentos lexibles, mecánica de pavimentos, mezclas asfálticas, módulos dinámicos


Author(s):  
R D DUNCAN ◽  
H S KEEP ◽  
W P ANDREWS ◽  
D J MACLEAN ◽  
T P MURRAY ◽  
...  

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