scholarly journals Charting the Edges of Human Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Barry Kirwan ◽  
Matthias Wies ◽  
Rebecca Charles ◽  
Charles-Alban Dormoy ◽  
Theodore Letouze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Safety Programme ◽  
Machine Interface

In the Horizon 2020 funded Future Sky Safety programme, the Human Performance Envelope project pushed airline pilots to the edges of their performance in real-time cockpit simulations, by increasing stress and workload, and decreasing situation awareness. The aim was to find out how such factors interact, and to detect the edges of human performance where some form of automation support should be employed to ensure safe continued flight. A battery of measures was used, from behavioural to physiological (e.g. heart rate, eye tracking and pupil dilation), to monitoring pilot performance in real time. Several measures – e.g. heart rate, heart rate variability, eye tracking, cognitive walkthrough, and Human Machine Interface (HMI) usability analysis – proved to be useful and relatively robust in detecting performance degradation, and determining where changes in information presentation are required to better support pilot performance in challenging situations. These results led to proposed changes in a prototype future cockpit human-machine interface, which were subsequently validated in a final simulation. The results also informed the development of a ‘Smart-Vest’ that can be worn by pilots to monitor a range of signals linked to performance.

scholarly journals Improving Human Ground Control Performance in Unmanned Aerial Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Marianna Di Gregorio ◽  
Marco Romano ◽  
Monica Sebillo ◽  
Giuliana Vitiello ◽  
Angela Vozella
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Team Situation Awareness ◽  
Aerial Systems

The use of Unmanned Aerial Systems, commonly called drones, is growing enormously today. Applications that can benefit from the use of fleets of drones and a related human–machine interface are emerging to ensure better performance and reliability. In particular, a fleet of drones can become a valuable tool for monitoring a wide area and transmitting relevant information to the ground control station. We present a human–machine interface for a Ground Control Station used to remotely operate a fleet of drones, in a collaborative setting, by a team of multiple operators. In such a collaborative setting, a major interface design challenge has been to maximize the Team Situation Awareness, shifting the focus from the individual operator to the entire group decision-makers. We were especially interested in testing the hypothesis that shared displays may improve the team situation awareness and hence the overall performance. The experimental study we present shows that there is no difference in performance between shared and non-shared displays. However, in trials when unexpected events occurred, teams using shared displays-maintained good performance whereas in teams using non-shared displays performance reduced. In particular, in case of unexpected situations, operators are able to safely bring more drones home, maintaining a higher level of team situational awareness.

Detecting Pedestrian Situation Awareness in Real-Time: Algorithm Development Using Heart Rate Variability and Phone Position

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1579-1583
Author(s):  
Yourui Tong ◽  
Bochen Jia ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Si Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Automated Vehicle ◽  
Hrv Analysis

To help automated vehicles learn surrounding environments via V2X communications, it is important to detect and transfer pedestrian situation awareness to the related vehicles. Based on the characteristics of pedestrians, a real-time algorithm was developed to detect pedestrian situation awareness. In the study, the heart rate variability (HRV) and phone position were used to understand the mental state and distractions of pedestrians. The HRV analysis was used to detect the fatigue and alert state of the pedestrian, and the phone position was used to define the phone distractions of the pedestrian. A Support Vector Machine algorithm was used to classify the pedestrian’s mental state. The results indicated a good performance with 86% prediction accuracy. The developed algorithm shows high applicability to detect the pedestrian’s situation awareness in real-time, which would further extend our understanding on V2X employment and automated vehicle design.

scholarly journals Real-Time EEG–EMG Human–Machine Interface-Based Control System for a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 84070-84081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Yu. Gordleeva ◽  
Sergey A. Lobov ◽  
Nikita A. Grigorev ◽  
Andrey O. Savosenkov ◽  
Maxim O. Shamshin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Lower Limb Exoskeleton ◽  
Machine Interface

scholarly journals Design of the Control System for Rehabilitation Horse Based on MCU STC89C52

2011 ◽  
Vol 2-3 ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Qi ◽  
Guang Lei Feng ◽  
Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Analog Signal ◽  
The Real ◽  
User Input ◽  
Speed Controller ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Signal Output

It introduces a design of the control system for rehabilitation horse based on MCU STC89C52. The system’s control core is an 8-bit MCU STC89C52. First, the user input commands through the keyboard, then send commands to the DA conversion chip PCF8591 which can achieve the digital signal to analog signal output after dealing with MCU. Finally, PCF8591 send analog signal to the speed controller of DC motor in order to control the DC motor’s speed. Meanwhile, it builds a human-machine interface (HMI) to display the real-time speed of the horse through LCD.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF IMPORTANT COGNITIVE CONCEPTS IN AVIATION

Aviation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. G. MARTINS
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Cockpit Design ◽  
Flight Deck

Even considering the current low accident rate in aviation, the anticipated growth in the number of airplanes in the air in the next decades will lead to an inadmissible rise in the number of accidents. These have been mostly attributed to human error and a misunderstanding of automation by the crew, especially during periods of high workload and stress in the cockpit. Therefore, increased safety requires not only advances in technology, but improved cockpit design including better human-machine interface. These cannot be achieved however, without considering some of the cognitive constructs that affect the behaviour of pilots in the cockpit. In fact, given its characteristics and public visibility, the flight deck of commercial jets is one of the most common arenas for the study of complex and skilled human performance. Here I present a literature review on the selected topics of workload, situation awareness, stress and automation in the cockpit, with the goal of supporting the development of new technologies.

scholarly journals PLC/HMI-Based Implementation of a Real-Time Educational Power System Protective Relays Platform

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Jawad Radhi Mahmood ◽  
Ramzy Salim Ali ◽  
Raed A. Abd-Alhameed
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Time Response ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Protective Relaying ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Protective Relays

Engineering laboratories are key elements in engineering learning and are essential for a concrete understanding of engineering topics and experiments. These key laboratories are no longer just hardware-dependent, they are a creative combination of programmable hardware and also user-defined driving software. In this work, an educational power system protective relaying laboratory platform was designed and implemented using a programmable logic controller (PLC) and human–machine interface (HMI) in order to introduce engineering students to the operating mechanisms experimentally. It engaged the students in selecting settings and upgrading the inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) protection relays for overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, and differential current. With the platform and the help of the HMI, the students mastered (or came close to mastering) the field of protective relays, especially those explicitly implemented in the platform. The students were also able to see the real-time response that is equivalent to the relay operation time of the protective relays under the various possible settings, and the kinesthetic learning that was involved gave them a deeper understanding of what is involved in relays upgrading.

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