scholarly journals Sunflower agronomy: 10 years of research in partnership within the “Sunflower” Technological Joint Unit (UMT) in Toulouse

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Philippe Debaeke ◽  
Emmanuelle Bret-Mestries ◽  
Jean-Noël Aubertot ◽  
Pierre Casadebaig ◽  
Luc Champolivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Technological Unit ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Agronomic Diagnosis ◽  
Essential Knowledge ◽  
Oriented Research

In order to make more efficient plant breeding and gain in competitiveness, the sector of oil-protein crops decided to intensify agronomic research on sunflower crop. The “Sunflower” Joint Technological Unit (Unité Mixte Technologique (UMT) “Tournesol”, in French) was launched in the Toulouse area in 2006, associating closely INRA and Terres Inovia. First focused on improving oil production through an agronomic approach, the UMT was renewed in 2011 with a broader partnership and a more assertive orientation towards the development of decision-making tools. The objective of this paper is to highlight the relevance and productivity of this user-oriented research facility. The main results relate to (i) the co-construction of a simulation model (SUNFLO) that can be parameterized and manipulated by Terres Inovia engineers, (ii) the joint exploration of supra-field scales and new methods for agronomic diagnosis and yield forecasting based on remote sensing, (iii) the tuning and dissemination of operational decision rules, (iv) the production of essential knowledge on emergent and/or damaging fungal diseases, as well as on complex interactions between genotype, environment and crop management. After a concluding symposium in 2016, new requests for sunflower research were formulated by the participants. They also advocated for a diversification of crops to consider in order to better meet the needs of the whole oil-protein sector.

scholarly journals SIRTA, a ground-based atmospheric observatory for cloud and aerosol research

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Haeffelin ◽  
L. Barthès ◽  
O. Bock ◽  
C. Boitel ◽  
S. Bony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Atmospheric Processes ◽  
Passive Remote Sensing ◽  
Atmospheric Column ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Routine Monitoring

Abstract. Ground-based remote sensing observatories have a crucial role to play in providing data to improve our understanding of atmospheric processes, to test the performance of atmospheric models, and to develop new methods for future space-borne observations. Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, a French research institute in environmental sciences, created the Site Instrumental de Recherche par Télédétection Atmosphérique (SIRTA), an atmospheric observatory with these goals in mind. Today SIRTA, located 20km south of Paris, operates a suite a state-of-the-art active and passive remote sensing instruments dedicated to routine monitoring of cloud and aerosol properties, and key atmospheric parameters. Detailed description of the state of the atmospheric column is progressively archived and made accessible to the scientific community. This paper describes the SIRTA infrastructure and database, and provides an overview of the scientific research associated with the observatory. Researchers using SIRTA data conduct research on atmospheric processes involving complex interactions between clouds, aerosols and radiative and dynamic processes in the atmospheric column. Atmospheric modellers working with SIRTA observations develop new methods to test their models and innovative analyses to improve parametric representations of sub-grid processes that must be accounted for in the model. SIRTA provides the means to develop data interpretation tools for future active remote sensing missions in space (e.g. CloudSat and CALIPSO). SIRTA observation and research activities take place in networks of atmospheric observatories that allow scientists to access consistent data sets from diverse regions on the globe.

Wildlife Habitat Evaluation

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Peeyush Gupta ◽  
Swati Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Habitat Alterations ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Management Recommendations

Before an individual can evaluate wildlife habitat and make management recommendations, some basic concepts about habitat and its relationships to different wildlife species should be understood. In this chapter, some of the basic concepts will be described; mainly analyzing of habitat alterations, landscape analysis, networking and creation of corridor between protected areas, wildlife habitat suitability analysis using Remote Sensing & GIS. Since most of the contest will be based on these concepts. Like other natural resource fields, wildlife management is both an art and science that deals with complex interactions in the environment. This means that management includes art or judgment based on experience as well as sound factual information based on scientific studies.

Wildlife Habitat Evaluation

2017 ◽  
pp. 258-264
Author(s):  
Peeyush Gupta ◽  
Swati Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Habitat Alterations ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Management Recommendations

Before an individual can evaluate wildlife habitat and make management recommendations, some basic concepts about habitat and its relationships to different wildlife species should be understood. In this chapter, some of the basic concepts will be described; mainly analyzing of habitat alterations, landscape analysis, networking and creation of corridor between protected areas, wildlife habitat suitability analysis using Remote Sensing & GIS. Since most of the contest will be based on these concepts. Like other natural resource fields, wildlife management is both an art and science that deals with complex interactions in the environment. This means that management includes art or judgment based on experience as well as sound factual information based on scientific studies.

A Unique Airborne Multi-angular Dataset for Calibration and Validation of Earth Satellite Products

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Gatebe ◽  
Rajesh Poudyal ◽  
Michael King
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Earth Satellite ◽  
Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function ◽  
Bidirectional Reflectance ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Field Campaigns ◽  
Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution ◽  
Unique Dataset

<p>The Cloud Absorption Radiometer (CAR) Science Team, and the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) recently released a unique dataset of bidirectional reflectance-distribution function (BRDF) of different surface types including clouds, snow/ice, vegetation, ocean, lakes, desert, city scape, smoke and other mixed surface types. The data were acquired during numerous field campaigns around the world, with measurements spanning 1991 to 2017. This presentation will address several uses of these data including developing new methods that define important surface and atmosphere radiative transfer functions, improve remote sensing retrievals of multiple geophysical parameters such as aerosols, clouds and surface albedo, and support satellite remote sensing activities.  CAR data are archived at GES DISC:  https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets?keywords=car.</p>

Developmental Dynamics in Real Time

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Static Images ◽  
Embryologic Development ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Developmental Dynamics

Embryologic development is a dynamic process that has been previously studied by examining static (usually chemically-fixed) specimens at different time periods and then extrapolating results by assembling a series of static images. Recently, Amy McMahon, Willy Supatto, Scott Fraser, and Angelike Stathopoulos have developed new methods to look at developmental migration patterns in real time. They used an optimized imaging approach and quantitative methods to analyze a two hour period during which gastrulation occurred in the embryos of fruitflies (Drosophila). Specifically, they characterized the complex interactions between cells of the ectoderm and mesoderm by tracking the movements of over 1,500 cells, which involved the analysis of over 100,000 cell positions for each embryo!

scholarly journals Recent epidemics and their impact on the society: COVID-19, SARS, MERS, H1N1

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Hanzhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Essential Knowledge ◽  
Airborne Disease ◽  
Back To Work

Even in 2021, people still have questions and concerns about the new Covid-19. It is very important for the public to learn about the disease and to understand how to protect themselves from it, which is a part of the public health's responsibility. Quarantine, social distance, and more facts about the disease will be beneficial for developing people's self-awareness when involved in a pandemic. Since Covid-19 is an airborne disease, people will have to keep their distance from each other and use masks if possible. Since lock-down passed down in China last year, the death rate and confirmed cases of covid-19 have been decreasing. While people want to go back to work and school, new methods have been come out to help people succeed during this pandemic. In order to help people prevent and protect themselves from Covid-19, this paper will systematically introduce the essential knowledge about Covid-19.

scholarly journals Using Farmer Decision Rules for Mapping Historical Land Use Change Patterns from 1954 to 2007 in Rural Northwestern Vietnam

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Thanh Thi Nguyen ◽  
Melvin Lippe ◽  
Carsten Marohn ◽  
Tran Duc Vien ◽  
Georg Cadisch
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Assessment Period

The present study revealed how local socioecological knowledge elucidated during participatory rural appraisals and historical remote sensing data can be combined for analyzing land use change patterns from 1954 to 2007 in northwestern Vietnam. The developed approach integrated farmer decision rules on cropping preferences and location, visual and supervised classification methods, and qualitative information obtained during various forms of participatory appraisals. The integration of historical remote sensing data (aerial photo, Landsat, LISS III) with farmer decision rules showed the feasibility of the proposed method to explain crop distribution patterns for the assessment period of 53 years. Our approach is beneficial for data-limited environments, which is a prevalent situation for many developing regions. The derived land use and crop type dataset was used for understanding how anthropogenic activities altered the study area of the Chieng Khoi commune during the assessment period of five decades, and what potential impact this can have on the natural resource base. The newly developed approach offers a methodological pathway that can be easily transferred to local government authorities for a better understanding of cropping transitions and agricultural expansion trends in data-limited rural landscapes. The detected land use change patterns and upland cropping expansion of more than two hundred percent in 53 years not only revealed the consequences of the interactions and feedback between farmers and their land, but further highlighted the urgent need for implementing sustainable land management practices in the case study watershed of the Chieng Khoi commune and northwestern Vietnam in general.

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