Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with ovine toxoplasmosis in Northeast Brazil

Rural settlements are defined as family-run agrarian spaces. Their purpose, based on public policies, is to strengthen family agriculture. They are peculiar environments that can predispose to the risk of diseases, especially zoonotic diseases, due to close natural contact with animals that can be sources of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs from rural settlements in the state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil, and to identify the risk factors associated with infection. A total of 306 dogs were sampled and Leptospira screening was performed using the microscopic agglutination test. In all, 27 of 306 (8.82%; 95% CI = 6.13-12.5%) dogs were seropositive for Leptospira spp. The most frequent serotype was Pomona. Street access (odds ratio = 3.53, p = 0.012) was indicated as a risk factor for infection. The results indicate that leptospirosis is present in dogs from rural settlements in the state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. This reinforces the need to limit contact between dogs and wild reservoirs and perform serological monitoring of swine. It also reinforces the need for implementation of control measures such as improvements in hygienic-sanitary conditions in the settlements, including the construction of pigsties away from homes, and the introduction of vaccination to reduce the occurrence of this disease, which will prevent transmission to humans and animals.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and risk factors to Leptospira sp. infection in dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science ◽

10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2018.144154 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. e144154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arthur Willian De Lima Brasil ◽

Diego Figueiredo Da Costa ◽

Carla Lauise Rodrigues Menezes Pimenta ◽

Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽

Clebert José Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Cutoff Point ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Wild Animals ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The City

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira sp. in dogs attended at veterinary clinics in the city of João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. A total of 384 blood samples from dogs from 34 veterinary clinics were used from April 2015 to May 2016. The diagnosis of Leptospira sp. was carried out through Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT), using a collection of 20 pathogenic antigens and adopting a 1: 100 dilution as cutoff point. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to the owners of the animals to obtain data to be used in the analysis of risk factors. The prevalence of seropositive animals was 11.7% (45/384), with reactions for serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae (62.3%), Grippotyphosa (22.2%), Canicola (13.3%), Djasiman 2%) and Pomona (2.2%). The following risk factors were identified: age from 49 to 72 months (odds ratio = 2.74), Age > 72 months (odds ratio = 3.22), and monthly cleaning of the environment where the animals are kept (odds ratio = 10,70). It is concluded that dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa are exposed to infection by Leptospira sp., with predominance of serogroups kept by wild animals, and it is suggested that the periodic cleaning of the environment where the animals are kept.

Download Full-text

Risk factors for reinvasion of human dwellings by sylvatic triatomines in northern Bahia State, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2005000300034 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 974-978 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Annie Walter ◽

Isabel Pojo do Rego ◽

Agenor José Ferreira ◽

Christophe Rogier

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Structural Features ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Sociological Factors ◽

Strong Risk Factor ◽

Triatomine Species

The aim of this study in Curaça, Bahia, Northeast Brazil was to explore possible factors associated with the infestation of human dwellings by Triatoma brasiliensis or Triatoma pseudomaculata, two sylvatic triatomine species. We use multiple logistic regression analysis to show how structural features of the peridomiciliary area combine with the number of animals and sociological factors to allow infestation of some dwellings. It is suggested that T. brasiliensis is associated with human activities, while T. pseudomaculata is associated with vegetation and animals. Peridomiciliary farm animals are a strong risk factor for triatomine infestation.

Download Full-text

Epidemiological characterization and risk factors associated with Leptospira infection in dogs from rural settlements in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2531 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2531

Author(s):

José Dêvede Da Silva ◽

Demmya Haryssam Menezes Melo ◽

Érico Luiz de Barros Correia ◽

José Romero Alexandre Alves ◽

Diego Figueiredo Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

The State ◽

Control Measures ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Rural Settlements ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Sources Of Infection ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Sanitary Conditions ◽

Epidemiological Characterization

Rural settlements are defined as family-run agrarian spaces. Their purpose, based on public policies, is to strengthen family agriculture. They are peculiar environments that can predispose to the risk of diseases, especially zoonotic diseases, due to close natural contact with animals that can be sources of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs from rural settlements in the state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil, and to identify the risk factors associated with infection. A total of 306 dogs were sampled and Leptospira screening was performed using the microscopic agglutination test. In all, 27 of 306 (8.82%; 95% CI = 6.13-12.5%) dogs were seropositive for Leptospira spp. The most frequent serotype was Pomona. Street access (odds ratio = 3.53, p = 0.012) was indicated as a risk factor for infection. The results indicate that leptospirosis is present in dogs from rural settlements in the state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. This reinforces the need to limit contact between dogs and wild reservoirs and perform serological monitoring of swine. It also reinforces the need for implementation of control measures such as improvements in hygienic-sanitary conditions in the settlements, including the construction of pigsties away from homes, and the introduction of vaccination to reduce the occurrence of this disease, which will prevent transmission to humans and animals.

Download Full-text

Risk factors associated with substance use

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e553882014-001 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Ariel M. Barber ◽

Alexandra Crouch ◽

Stephen Campbell

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Substance Use ◽

Factors Associated

Download Full-text

A Six Year Prospective Study of Fibrinogen and Other Risk Factors Associated with Mortality in Stable Claudicants

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1656361 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 68 (03) ◽

pp. 261-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

A K Banerjee ◽

J Pearson ◽

E L Gilliland ◽

D Goss ◽

J D Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intermittent Claudication ◽

Fibrinogen Level ◽

Past History ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Plasma Fibrinogen ◽

Plasma Fibrinogen Level ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Probability Of Death

SummaryA total of 333 patients with stable intermittent claudication at recruitment were followed up for 6 years to determine risk factors associated with subsequent mortality. Cardiovascular diseases were the underlying cause of death in 78% of the 114 patients who died. The strongest independent predictor of death during the follow-up period was the plasma fibrinogen level, an increase of 1 g/l being associated with a nearly two-fold increase in the probability of death within the next 6 years. Age, low ankle/brachial pressure index and a past history of myocardial infarction also increased the probability of death during the study period. The plasma fibrinogen level is a valuable index of those patients with stable intermittent claudication at high risk of early mortality. The results also provide further evidence for the involvement of fibrinogen in the pathogenesis of arterial disease.

Download Full-text