Depression, pain, exposure to stressful life events, and long-term outcomes in temporomandibular disorder patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 628-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Auerbach ◽  
Daniel M. Laskin ◽  
Lisa Maria E. Frantsve ◽  
Tamara Orr
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Long Term Outcomes

Long-term outcome in pharmacotherapy-resistant patients with panic disorder treated with cognitive-behavior therapy: 5-year follow-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 157-157
Author(s):  
E. Heldt ◽  
C. Blaya ◽  
L. Kipper ◽  
G. Salum Junior ◽  
V.N. Hirakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Long Term Treatment

BackgroundThere is a limitation of data about factors associated with treatment response in panic disorder (PD) patients at long-term follow-up period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term treatment response of pharmacotherapy-resistant patients with PD after 5 years of cognitive-behavior group therapy (CBGT) and to identify factors that predict this outcome.MethodSixty-four patients who completed 12 sessions of CBGT were followed for 5-year. Outcome measures were evaluated by the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and quality of life (QoL) using WHOQOL-bref. Demographic and clinical features, stressful life events were the variables investigated as predictors of CBGT response across follow-up period.ResultsTreatment was associated with significant reduction in symptoms severity (agoraphobia, anticipatory anxiety and panic attacks) with maintenance of gains at 5-year of follow-up (p < 0.05). Twenty-four (40%) of the sample remained in remission after 5 years, 12 (20%) relapsed during the follow-up period and 24 (40%) were non-responder to CBGT. The poor CBGT response had an important negative impact in QoL. Regression analyzes showed that comorbidity with dysthymia (p = 0.017) and stressful life events (p = 0.012) as the most important predictors to worse response.ConclusionsThe improvement in all evaluations suggested that brief CBGT for pharmacotherapy-resistant patients could be an alternative as next-step strategy for residual symptoms with maintenance of the gains after 5 years as assessed across follow-up period. New strategies should be tried for resistant patients, such as those with dysthymia comorbidity, and some specific tool in order to cope with adverse events.

Childhood sexual abuse, stressful life events and risk for major depression in women

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1475-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENNETH S. KENDLER ◽  
JONATHAN W. KUHN ◽  
CAROL A. PRESCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. In animals, early trauma can produce long-lasting changes in sensitivity to the pathogenic effects of stress. To explore whether similar processes occur in humans, we examine whether childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in women alters sensitivity in adulthood to the depressogenic effects of stressful life events (SLEs).Method. A history of CSA was obtained from a population-based sample of 1404 female adult twins. Cox Proportional hazard models were used to predict onsets of episodes of DSM-III-R major depression (MD) in the past year from previously assessed levels of neuroticism (N), CSA and past-year SLEs scored on long-term contextual threat.Results. In the best-fit model, onset of MD was predicted by CSA, SLEs and N. Individuals with CSA (and especially with severe CSA) had both an overall increased risk for MD and a substantially increased sensitivity to the depressogenic effects of SLEs. A ‘dose–response’ relationship between severity of CSA and sensitivity to SLEs was clearer in those with low to average levels of N than in those with high levels of N.Conclusion. As documented with physiological responses to a standardized laboratory stressor, CSA increases stress sensitivity in women in a more naturalistic setting. Both genetic and early environmental risk factors can produce long-term increase in the sensitivity of individuals to depressogenic life experiences.

scholarly journals The pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the elderly in rural China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiqing Mo ◽  
Zhenyu Ma ◽  
Guojun Wang ◽  
Cunxian Jia ◽  
Lu Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Life Event

Abstract Background: There is a lack of evidence concerning the stressful life events experienced prior to suicide which may be associated with an increased suicide risk for Chinese rural elderly. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the elderly in China. Methods: A total of 12 counties were randomly selected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Suicide cases aged 60 years and older (n =242) were collected from those counties from June 2014 to September 2015. Matched living controls were selected 1:1 with suicide cases by age, gender, and location. Data in the study were collected through face-to-face interviews by a psychological autopsy method. The Life Event Scale for the Elderly was used to measure the stressful life events prior to suicide/interviews. Results: Approximately 99.6% of suicide cases and 88.4% of controls experienced at least one stressful life event. The suicide group experienced more long-term stressful life events than recent stressful life events. The top three most frequent stressful life events for the suicide group were being diagnosed with chronic disease, hospitalization, and being diagnosed with terminal illness. More female suicide cases experienced the death of a spouse, while more males experienced hospitalization, diagnosis with terminal illness and family poverty. Experiencing at least one stressful life event, having unstable marital status, physical diseases and mental disorders were the factors that increased the risk of suicide.Conclusions: Stressful life events were common for the rural elderly, especially long-term stressful life events. The experience of at least one stressful life event can increase suicide risk for this population. More attention should be given to the rural elderly who experienced more long-term stressful life events and experienced health related life events.

scholarly journals The pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the elderly in rural China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiqing Mo ◽  
Zhenyu Ma ◽  
Guojun Wang ◽  
Cunxian Jia ◽  
Lu Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Life Event

Abstract Background: There is a lack of evidence concerning the stressful life events experienced prior to suicide which may be associated with an increased suicide risk for Chinese rural elderly. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the elderly in China. Methods: A total of 12 counties were randomly selected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Suicide cases aged 60 years and older (n =242) were collected from those counties from June 2014 to September 2015. Matched living controls were selected 1:1 with suicide cases by age, gender, and location. Data in the study were collected through face-to-face interviews by a psychological autopsy method. The Life Event Scale for the Elderly was used to measure the stressful life events prior to suicide/interviews. Results: Approximately 99.6% of suicide cases and 88.4% of controls experienced at least one stressful life event. The suicide group experienced more long-term stressful life events than recent stressful life events. The top three most frequent stressful life events for the suicide group were being diagnosed with chronic disease, hospitalization, and being diagnosed with terminal illness. More female suicide cases experienced the death of a spouse, while more males experienced hospitalization, diagnosis with terminal illness and family poverty. Experiencing at least one stressful life event, having unstable marital status, physical diseases and mental disorders were the factors that increased the risk of suicide.Conclusions: Stressful life events were common for the rural elderly, especially long-term stressful life events. The experience of at least one stressful life event can increase suicide risk for this population. More attention should be given to the rural elderly who experienced more long-term stressful life events and experienced health related life events.

scholarly journals Long-term depression following stressful life events: feeling ‘worthless’ shows the slowest recovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Simister
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Slow Recovery ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Harmful Event

This paper uses a UK panel study dataset, to investigate effects of stressful ‘life events’ on mental health. Various events – including poverty, unemployment, and illness – increase the risk of depression. There may be delayed effects of a stressful event: many people experience a slow recovery from depression. This paper reports evidence that in ‘General Health Questionnaire’ GHQ-12, feeling ‘worthless’ shows the slowest recovery after a harmful event: up to about nine years. Evidence in this paper is reported as charts, showing gradual recovery from traumatic events; and regression analysis. These charts are broadly consistent with regression results. Keywords: Depression; life events; slow recovery; GHQ-12; worthlessness

The impact of stressful life events on risk of relapse in women with multiple sclerosis: A prospective study

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalampos I. Mitsonis ◽  
Iannis M. Zervas ◽  
Panagiotis A. Mitropoulos ◽  
Nikolaos P. Dimopoulos ◽  
Constantin R. Soldatos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
General Relation ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPurposeThe aims of this study were first, to examine the general relation between stressful life events (SLEs) and clinical relapses in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) and second, to investigate the relations of the specific stressor attributes of duration, type, and severity on MS exacerbations.MethodsTwenty six ambulating women with relapsing-remitting MS were followed-up for a mean of 56.3 weeks. Patients documented SLEs weekly in self report diaries which were then collected at regular pre-scheduled clinic visits every 4 weeks. SLEs were classified as short-term if they had subjectively no lasting effect and long-term if they had a subjectively felt psychological impact that lasted at least 10–14 days after the event. The severity of SLEs was determined using the Recent Life Change Questionnaire.ResultsExperiencing three or more SLEs, during a 4-week period, was associated with a 5-fold increase of MS relapse rate (95% CI 1.7–16.4, p = 0.003). The presence of at least one long-term SLE was associated with three times (95% CI 1.01–9.13, p < 0.05) the rate of MS exacerbation during the following 4 weeks. There was no significant association between the severity (95% CI 0.99–1.01, p > 0.05) or the type (χ2 = 7.29, df = 5, p > 0.05) of stressor and the risk for relapse.ConclusionAmbulatory women with relapsing-remitting MS who experience cumulative SLEs may be at a greater risk for relapse. Duration is the only stress attribute that seems to increase the risk for relapsing in contrast to stress type and stress severity that were not found to interact with MS exacerbation.

scholarly journals The pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the older adults in rural China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiqing Mo ◽  
Zhenyu Ma ◽  
Guojun Wang ◽  
Cunxian Jia ◽  
Lu Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Rural Older Adults

Abstract Background There is a lack of evidence concerning the stressful life events experienced prior to suicide which may be associated with an increased suicide risk among Chinese rural older adults. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the older adults in China. Methods Twelve counties were randomly selected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Suicide cases aged 60 years and older (n = 242) were collected from those counties from June 2014 to September 2015. Matched living controls were selected 1:1 with suicide cases by age, gender, and location. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews by a psychological autopsy method. The Life Event Scale for the Elderly was used to measure the stressful life events prior to suicide/interviews. Results Approximately 99.6% of suicide cases and 88.4% of controls experienced at least one stressful life event. The suicide group experienced more long-term stressful life events than recent stressful life events. The top three most frequent stressful life events for the suicide group were being diagnosed with chronic disease, hospitalization, and being diagnosed with terminal illness. More female suicide cases experienced the death of a spouse, while more males experienced hospitalization, diagnosis with terminal illness and family poverty. Experiencing at least one stressful life event, an unstable marital status, physical diseases and mental disorders were shown to increase the risk of suicide. Conclusions Stressful life events were common for the rural older adults, especially long-term stressful life events. The experience of at least one stressful life event can increase suicide risk among this population. More attention should be paid to the rural older adults who experienced more long-term stressful life events and health related life events.

scholarly journals The pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the older adults in rural China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiqing Mo ◽  
Zhenyu Ma ◽  
Guojun Wang ◽  
Cunxian Jia ◽  
Lu Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Rural Older Adults

Abstract Background: There is a lack of evidence concerning the stressful life events experienced prior to suicide which may be associated with an increased suicide risk among Chinese rural older adults. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the older adults in China.Methods: Twelve counties were randomly selected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Suicide cases aged 60 years and older (n =242) were collected from those counties from June 2014 to September 2015. Matched living controls were selected 1:1 with suicide cases by age, gender, and location. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews by a psychological autopsy method. The Life Event Scale for the Elderly was used to measure the stressful life events prior to suicide/interviews.Results: Approximately 99.6% of suicide cases and 88.4% of controls experienced at least one stressful life event. The suicide group experienced more long-term stressful life events than recent stressful life events. The top three most frequent stressful life events for the suicide group were being diagnosed with chronic disease, hospitalization, and being diagnosed with terminal illness. More female suicide cases experienced the death of a spouse, while more males experienced hospitalization, diagnosis with terminal illness and family poverty. Experiencing at least one stressful life event, an unstable marital status, physical diseases and mental disorders were shown to increase the risk of suicide.Conclusions: Stressful life events were common for the rural older adults, especially long-term stressful life events. The experience of at least one stressful life event can increase suicide risk among this population. More attention should be paid to the rural older adults who experienced more long-term stressful life events and health related life events.

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