Relationship of Training Load with High-intensity Running in Professional Soccer Players

AbstractThis study determined the training load (TL) and its relationship with high-intensity running performance across the season in professional soccer players. The TL, YoYo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YYIR 2) and repeated sprint ability (RSA) were monitored in 29 players (age 26.2±3.8 years, height 173.6±5.6 cm, body mass 68.5±8.6 kg). In the mid in-season (MS), Lucia TRIMP (TRIMPL) was inversely correlated with YYIR 2 (r=−0.6, p<0.05), with total distance (TD), work-rate (WR), low-intensity distance (LID) and player load (PL) showing correlation with YYIR 2 (r=0.81, 0.77, 0.88, 0.67; p<0.05) in the late in-season (LS). In pre-season (PS), TD, WR and moderate-intensity distance (MID) were correlated with YYIR 2 (r=0.65, 0.80, 0.83, p<0.05), whereas in early in-season (ES), TD, WR, LID were correlated with YYIR 2 performance (r=0.58, 0.67, 0.55, p<0.05). There was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between TL and RSA. The findings showed the volume, intensity and types of TL accrued influences the relationship with physical performance that suggest the significance of phase-specific monitoring of TL for maximizing performance in soccer players.

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The relationship between training load and fitness indices over a pre-season in professional soccer players

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness ◽

10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10109-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leonidas Papadakis ◽

Charis Tymvios ◽

Konstantinos Patras

Keyword(s):

Training Load ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

The Relationship

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Relative Training Load and Match Outcome: Are Professional Soccer Players Actually Undertrained during the In-Season?

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports9100139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

Toni Modric ◽

Mario Jelicic ◽

Damir Sekulic

Keyword(s):

Global Positioning System ◽

High Intensity ◽

Training Session ◽

Training Load ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Positioning System ◽

Distance Ratio ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Global Positioning

Previous studies examined training/match ratios (TMr) to determine the training load relative to the match load, but the influence of the relative training load (RTL) on success in soccer is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the possible influence of RTL on final match outcome in soccer (win, draw, and loss). Running performances (RP) of soccer players (n = 21) in the Croatian highest national soccer competition were analyzed during the season 2020–2021. Data were measured by the global positioning system in 14 official matches and 67 training sessions. RTL was assessed by TMr, which were calculated as the ratio of RP during training and match in the same week, evaluating the following measures: TDr (total distance ratio), LIDr (low-intensity distance ratio), RDr (running distance ratio), HIDr (high-intensity distance ratio), ACCr (total accelerations ratio), DECr (total decelerations ratio), HI-ACCr (high-intensity accelerations ratio), HI-DECr (high-intensity decelerations ratio). All TMr were examined separately for each training session within in-season microcycles (categorized as days before the match day, i.e., MD minus). Spearman correlations were used to identify association between match outcome and TMr. The results indicated negative associations between match outcome and TDr, LIDr, ACCr and DECr on MD-1 and MD-2). In contrast, positive associations were evidenced between match outcome, and HIDr on MD-3 and TDr, LIDr, ACCr and DECr on MD-5 (p < 0.05; all moderate correlations). These findings demonstrate that final match outcome in soccer was associated with greater RTL of (i) high-intensity running three days before the match, (ii) total and low-intensity running, accelerations and decelerations five days before the match, and (iii) lower RTL of total and low-intensity running, accelerations and decelerations one and two days before the match.

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Analysis and comparison of intensity in specific soccer training sessions

Motriz Revista de Educação Física ◽

10.1590/s1980-65742015000100007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luciano Antonacci Condessa ◽

Christian Emmanuel Torres Cabido ◽

André Maia Lima ◽

Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽

Vinicius M. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Exercise Intensity ◽

High Intensity ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Maximal Heart Rate ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

High Intensity Zone ◽

Soccer Training ◽

And Training

This study compared the exercise intensity of four specific soccer training sessions (friendly and training match, tactical and technical workouts). Ten professional soccer players (24.2 ± 3.7 years, 177.9 ± 7.3 cm, 63.2 ± 4.6 mLO2•kg-1•min-l) were recruited. A treadmill progressive interval test was performed to determine the players' VO2max, maximal heart rate (HRmax), HR-VO2 curve, and the heart rate corresponding to blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol/L. The heart rate during the training sessions was used to estimate the exercise intensity and to classify them into intensity zones (low-intensity: <2 mmol/L; moderate-intensity: between 2 and 4 mmol/L; high-intensity: >4 mmol/L). Exercise intensities were different among training sessions (friendly match: 86.0 ± 5.1% HRmax; training match: 81.2 ± 4.1% HRmax; tactical workout: 70.4 ± 5.3% HRmax; technical workout: 62.1 ± 3.6% HRmax). The friendly match presented the highest percentage of time performed in the high-intensity zone.

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Internal training load and fitness profile between adult team versus junior team soccer players

Kinesiology ◽

10.26582/k.53.1.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 71-77

Author(s):

Alireza Rabbani ◽

Del P. Wong ◽

Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽

Mehdi Kargarfard

Keyword(s):

Confidence Intervals ◽

High Intensity ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Training Load ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Competitive Season ◽

And Training

The aim of the present study was to compare the fitness profiles and internal training loads between senior team and academy team soccer players during an in-season phase. Twenty-two professional soccer players from the senior team (n=12; 28.3<img width="12" alt="" height="20"> 2.0 years) and under 19 (U19) team (n=10; 18.0<img width="12" alt="" height="20"> 0.4 years) of the same club participated in the present study. High-intensity running performance, acceleration, maximal sprint, and change of direction (COD) ability were all tested during the mid-season break of a competitive season. Session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) reflecting the internal training load during the entire first half of the season was being documented daily. Senior players showed small to moderate superiority in COD (1.8%, 90% confidence intervals [CI, -3.2; 7.1], ES: 0.24 [-0.44; 0.92]), maximal sprint (2.3%, [0.0; 4.7], ES: 0.81 [0.00; 1.63]) and acceleration (3%, [0.2; 5.8], ES: 0.96 [0.06; 1.85]). The U19 showed small better high-intensity intermittent running fitness (2.5%, [-1.2; 6.3], ES: 0.39 [-0.20; 0.97]). When analyzing internal training loads (from M-3 to M+3), the U19 showed small to very large higher sRPE values for all days (range; 8.2%; 229.3%, [-8.1; 328.3], ES range; 0.25; 2.70, [-0.26; 3.3]), except for match days (M), on which unclear trivial difference was observed (-1.5%, [-9.6; 7.5], ES -0.09 [-0.65; 0.46]). Our results showed that senior players and youth players had different fitness profiles and internal training loads during the first half of a competitive season; this should be taken into consideration when designing specific and individualized recovery and training sessions.

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Assessment Of High-intensity Training Load And Exercise-induced Oxidative Stress In Professional Soccer Players.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000687616.53695.94 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (7S) ◽

pp. 1099-1099

Author(s):

Camilla R. Holland ◽

Michael G. Roberts ◽

Matthew W. Furber ◽

Lindsy S. Kass ◽

Lindsay Bottoms

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Intensity ◽

Training Load ◽

Soccer Players ◽

High Intensity Training ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Intensity Training

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Cardiovascular Responses During Indoor Soccer Competition

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v7i12.4469 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Sercan Öncen ◽

Levent Tanyeri

Keyword(s):

Coming Out ◽

High Intensity ◽

Average Distance ◽

Cardiovascular Responses ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Low Intensity ◽

High Intensity Zone ◽

Test Level

In this study, the aim was to investigate the cardiovascular responses that happen in players during indoor soccer (IS) competitions. Nine participants, indoor soccer players in the Universities League, took part in the study (20.66 ± 1.87 age; 177 ± 4.5 height; 73.33 ± 8.07 weight). Cardiovascular changes happening during the competition were measured through a heart rate (HR) monitor that records once per second (Polar V800, Lake Success, NY, USA), and running distances by the Polar GPS (Polar V800, Lake Success, NY, USA) system. Maximum oxygen usage capacity of the participants (VO2max) was determined by using Yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 1, one of the indirect measurement methods. Cardiovascular loads coming out during the competition were separated into three zones for the sake of better understanding: HRmax 70%, low-intensity zone; HRmax between 70-85%, moderate intensity zone; and HRmax 85% and over, high intensity zone. Descriptive statistics were used in the assessment of the data obtained. The average distance that the participants covered, according to the GPS measurements, was found to be 1617 ± 873 m, on average VO2max 47.33 ± 4,47ml.kg per min-1. The participants spent 72,2% of the time that they were active in the game in the high intensity zone. The fact that participants spent a high percentage of time in this zone that consisted of high intensity activities clearly showed that indoor soccer is an intermittent high intensity branch of sports. Participants spent 15,8% in the low intensity zone indicating that repetitive loads without the opportunity for recovery could be found. Having a high percentage of high intensity activity may negatively affect performance because of fatigue; thus, it is important to organize the optimum in-play time for the indoor soccer players to get better performance.

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Leadership and Motivational Climate: The Relationship with Objectives, Commitment, and Satisfaction in Base Soccer Players

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs9030029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Concepción Calvo ◽

Gabriela Topa

Keyword(s):

Leadership Style ◽

Motivational Climate ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Sport Commitment ◽

Coach Leadership ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Instruction Leadership ◽

Task Oriented ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The objective of the present study is to analyze non-professional soccer players’ preferences regarding coach leadership style and motivational climate and to determine the relationship of these variables with players’ satisfaction, sport commitment, and sport objectives. The participants were 151 players, aged between 10 and 24 years, divided into five categories: Alevín, Infantil, Cadet, Feminine, and Juvenile, all belonging to the Aragonese Soccer Federation. The participants completed questionnaires assessing their perception of their coach’s leadership style, the team’s motivational climate, their individual satisfaction, degree of sport commitment, and sport objectives. The results show that the leadership styles of training and instruction (M = 3.98, SD = 0.43) and positive feedback (M = 4.02, SD = 0.53) are the most valued by the players in all categories. The training and instruction leadership style had the highest correlations with task-oriented motivational climate (r = 0.40). The findings of the regression analysis show that a training and instruction leadership style and a task-oriented motivational climate significantly predict players’ satisfaction (13.3%) and sport commitment (14.5%).

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Relationship of Pre-season Training Load With In-Season Biochemical Markers, Injuries and Performance in Professional Soccer Players

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2019.00409 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sullivan Coppalle ◽

Guillaume Rave ◽

Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman ◽

Ajmol Ali ◽

Iyed Salhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Markers ◽

Training Load ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

And Performance ◽

Relationship Of

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Neuromuscular Performance and Training Workload Over an In-Season Mesocycle in Elite Young Soccer Players

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2020-0834 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Colin Clancy ◽

Nigel Gleeson ◽

Tom Mercer

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Knee Extensor ◽

Early Career ◽

Training Load ◽

Peak Force ◽

Rate Of Force Development ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Force Development ◽

Neuromuscular Performance ◽

Professional Soccer

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess neuromuscular performance capabilities over an in-season mesocycle in early-career professional soccer players and examine the relationship with training workload. Methods: Neuromuscular performance capabilities (isometric knee extensor: peak force, rate of force development, and peak twitch force) of 12 professional soccer players were assessed weekly over a 6-week period. Training and match workload were also recorded over the same period for each player (high-intensity running distance). Changes in neuromuscular performance and workload variables were analyzed. Results: There was evidence of fluctuations in neuromuscular performance capability over the mesocycle that reached statistical (P < .05) and practical (13.3% [peak-to-peak]) significance alongside interweek heterogeneity in training and match workload (∼17.5% [coefficient of variation], P < .05). Congruence among fluctuating patterns of intramesocycle training load and concomitant neuromuscular performance responses was noted over time for acute training load and acute:chronic workload ratio with peak force and rate of force development. Conclusion: Neuromuscular performance capabilities fluctuate over an in-season mesocycle and are influenced by high-intensity running workload, emphasizing the need for acute monitoring in elite soccer players.

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