scholarly journals The Impact of Tobacco Smoking Upon Chronic/Recurrent Tonsillitis and Post Tonsillectomy Bleeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udi Cinamon ◽  
Abraham Goldfarb ◽  
Tal Marom
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Smoking has many adverse effects on the oral and pharyngeal mucosa. Outcomes may be developing tonsillar infections and predisposing for post tonsillectomy bleeding (PTB). Objective The objective of our study was to determine whether smokers have more chronic/recurrent tonsillitis indicating for tonsillectomy or develop more PTB episodes. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on two groups of adults (age ≥18 years). Cohort 1: Smoking among patients who underwent tonsillectomy for recurrent/chronic tonsillitis. Cohort 2: Smoking among patients requiring control of PTB that were operated primarily for recurrent/chronic tonsillitis. Cohort 1 served as a population-reference for the second. We retrieved the data from medical records. Results Cohort 1: 206 adults aged 18–50 years (mean 26 ± 7.6). 28% (57 patients) were smokers, versus 24% and 20% in the general population (in the years 2000 and 2010; p = 0.5, p = 0.18, respectively). Cohort 2: 114 adults aged 18–73 years (mean 26 ± 7.6). 43% were smokers, double the incidence in the general population (p = 0.004, p = 0.0004, in 2000 and 2010, respectively), and 1.5 times cohort 1 (p = 0.02). Smoking rates among bleeders on post-operative days 8–10 and later than day 10 were 53% and 60% (p = 0.0005 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Five of ten patients presenting a second PTB were smokers. Timing of re-bleedings was similar to their first PTB and dated similarly as first PTB of the entire group, mean 5.6 days (SD ± 3.2). Conclusion Smokers may encounter more chronic/recurrent tonsillitis episodes, indicating tonsillectomy and significantly are more prone for PTB. Smoking cessation may perhaps diminish recurrent/chronic tonsillitis. Whether pre-operative abstinence or its length would reduce PTB incidence is yet to be determined.

P-97 The impact of tobacco smoking on survival for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based retrospective study

Oral Oncology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Amanda Oester Andersen ◽  
Jakob Schmidt Jensen ◽  
Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen ◽  
Helene Stampe ◽  
Kristoffer Juul Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Impact

P-96 The impact of tobacco smoking on survival for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based retrospective study

Oral Oncology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Amanda Oester Andersen ◽  
Jakob Schmidt Jensen ◽  
Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen ◽  
Helene Stampe ◽  
Kristoffer Juul Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Impact

Retrospective Study of 122 Dogs That Were Treated with the Antifibrinolytic Drug Aminocaproic Acid: 2010–2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Davis ◽  
Kiko Bracker
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Antifibrinolytic Drugs ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusions

ABSTRACT Antifibrinolytic drugs are used to promote hemostasis and decrease the need for red blood cell transfusion. Medical records of 122 dogs that were prescribed either oral or intravenous aminocaproic acid between 2010 and 2012 were evaluated retrospectively. Of the 122 dogs, three experienced possible drug-related adverse effects. No significant differences were identified between dogs that experienced adverse effects and those that did not and the possible adverse effects noted were all minor. All dogs that received packed red blood cell transfusions were evaluated for correlations between baseline packed cell volume or dose of red blood cells and aminocaproic acid dose and no correlation was identified. Dogs that received aminocaproic acid as a treatment for active bleeding were divided by cause of hemorrhage into the following groups: neoplastic, non-neoplastic, and unknown. No significant differences in aminocaproic acid dose or the percentage of patients requiring a blood transfusion were identified between groups.

scholarly journals Allopurinol initiation and all-cause mortality in the general population

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1368-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Dubreuil ◽  
Yanyan Zhu ◽  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
John D Seeger ◽  
Na Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Population Database ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundAllopurinol is the most commonly used urate-lowering therapy, with rare but potentially fatal adverse effects. However, its impact on overall mortality remains largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the impact of allopurinol initiation on the risk of mortality among individuals with hyperuricaemia and among those with gout in the general population.MethodsWe conducted an incident user cohort study with propensity score matching using a UK general population database. The study population included individuals aged ≥40 years who had a record of hyperuricaemia (serum urate level >357 μmol/L for women and >416 μmol/L for men) between January 2000 and May 2010. To closely account for potential confounders of allopurinol use and risk of death, we constructed propensity score matched cohorts of allopurinol initiators and comparators (non-initiators) within 6-month cohort accrual blocks.ResultsOf 5927 allopurinol initiators and 5927 matched comparators, 654 and 718, respectively, died during the follow-up (mean=2.9 years). The baseline characteristics were well balanced in the two groups, including the prevalence of gout in each group (84%). Allopurinol initiation was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (matched HR 0.89 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.99)). When we limited the analysis to those with gout, the corresponding HR was 0.81 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.92).ConclusionsIn this general population study, allopurinol initiation was associated with a modestly reduced risk of death in patients with hyperuricaemia and patients with gout. The overall benefit of allopurinol on survival may outweigh the impact of rare serious adverse effects.

P-35 The impact of tobacco smoking on survival for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based retrospective study

Oral Oncology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Amanda Oester Andersen ◽  
Jakob Schmidt Jensen ◽  
Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen ◽  
Helene Stampe ◽  
Kristoffer Juul Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of a Formal Lactation Curriculum for Residents on Breastfeeding Rates Among Low-Income Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Emma Qureshey ◽  
Adetola F. Louis-Jacques ◽  
Yasir Abunamous ◽  
Sandra Curet ◽  
Joanne Quinones
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Curriculum Implementation ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Breastfeeding Rates ◽  
The Impact

Obstetrics-gynecology residents have inadequate training in lactation management and are typically unable to address basic breastfeeding needs. A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the impact of a formal lactation curriculum for obstetrics-gynecology residents on breastfeeding. Demographic information, medical history, and breastfeeding rates were derived from medical records and hospital lactation logs. Breastfeeding outcomes of women with term, singleton infants were analyzed before and after curriculum implementation. The study included 717 women, 337 prior to intervention and 380 after intervention. Women who delivered after curriculum implementation were more likely to breastfeed exclusively at 6 weeks postpartum (odds ratio [OR]: 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–3.15). A targeted breastfeeding curriculum was associated with increased exclusive breastfeeding rates at 6 weeks postpartum in a diverse, low-income population.

Approaches to Text Mining for Analyzing Treatment Plan of Quit Smoking with Free-text Medical Records (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Liang Huang ◽  
Yun-Cheng Tsai ◽  
Shi-Hao Hong ◽  
Ya-Mei Hsueh
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Smoking is a complex behavior associated with multiple factors such as personality, environment, genetics, and emotions. Text data is a rich source of information. However, pure text data requires substantial human resources and time to extract and apply the information, resulting in many details not being discovered and used. OBJECTIVE This study proposes a novel approach that explores a text mining flow to capture the behavior of smokers quitting tobacco from their free-text medical records. More importantly, the paper explores the impact of these changes on smokers. The goal is to help smokers quit smoking. Therefore, the paper develops an algorithm for analyzing smoking cessation treatment plans documented in free-text medical records. METHODS The approach involves the development of an information extraction flow that uses a combination of data mining techniques, including text mining. It can be used not only to help others quit smoking but also for other medical records with similar data elements. RESULTS In the paper, the most visible areas for the medical application of text mining are the integration and transfer of advances made in basic sciences, as well as a better understanding of the processes involved in smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS Text mining may also be useful for supporting decision-making processes associated with smoking cessation.

Impact of a Bladder Cancer Diagnosis on Smoking Behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15) ◽  
pp. 1871-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Bassett ◽  
John L. Gore ◽  
Amanda C. Chi ◽  
Lorna Kwan ◽  
William McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Bladder cancer is the second most common tobacco-related malignancy. A new bladder cancer diagnosis may be an opportunity to imprint smoking cessation. Little is known about the impact of a diagnosis of bladder cancer on patterns of tobacco use and smoking cessation among patients with incident bladder cancer. Patients and Methods A simple random sample of noninvasive bladder cancer survivors diagnosed in 2006 was obtained from the California Cancer Registry. Respondents completed a survey on history of tobacco use, beliefs regarding bladder cancer risk factors, and physician influence on tobacco cessation. Respondents were compared by smoking status. Those respondents smoking at diagnosis were compared with general population controls obtained from the California Tobacco Survey to determine the impact of a diagnosis of bladder cancer on patterns of tobacco use. Results The response rate was 70% (344 of 492 eligible participants). Most respondents (74%) had a history of cigarette use. Seventeen percent of all respondents were smoking at diagnosis. Smokers with a new diagnosis of bladder cancer were almost five times as likely to quit smoking as smokers in the general population (48% v 10%, respectively; P < .001). The bladder cancer diagnosis and the advice of the urologist were the reasons cited most often for cessation. Respondents were more likely to endorse smoking as a risk factor for bladder cancer when the urologist was the source of their understanding. Conclusion The diagnosis of bladder cancer is an opportunity for smoking cessation. Urologists can play an integral role in affecting the patterns of tobacco use of those newly diagnosed.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes and health with special focus on cardiovascular effects: position paper of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)

2020 ◽  
pp. 204748732094199
Author(s):  
Maryam Kavousi ◽  
Charlotta Pisinger ◽  
Jean-Claude Barthelemy ◽  
Delphine De Smedt ◽  
Konstantinos Koskinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
European Association ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
The Impact

Background Tobacco use is the single largest preventable risk factor for premature death of non-communicable diseases and the second leading cause of cardiovascular disease. In response to the harmful effects of tobacco smoking, the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has emerged and gained significant popularity over the past 15 years. E-cigarettes are promoted as safe alternatives for traditional tobacco smoking and are often suggested as a way to reduce or quit smoking. However, evidence suggests they are not harmless. Discussion The rapid evolution of the e-cigarette market has outpaced the legislator’s regulatory capacity, leading to mixed regulations. The increasing use of e-cigarettes in adolescents and young individuals is of concern. While the long-term direct cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes remain largely unknown, the existing evidence suggests that the e-cigarette should not be regarded as a cardiovascular safe product. The contribution of e-cigarette use to reducing conventional cigarette use and smoking cessation is complex, and the impact of e-cigarette use on long-term cessation lacks sufficient evidence. Conclusion This position paper describes the evidence regarding the prevalence of e-cigarette smoking, uptake of e-cigarettes in the young, related legislations, cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes and the impact of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation. Knowledge gaps in the field are also highlighted. The recommendations from the population science and public health section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology are presented.

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