A translational medicine approach to molecular psychiatry

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
W. G. Honer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Translational Medicine ◽  
Great Frequency ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Research Findings

SummaryThe place of molecular medicine in psychiatry is rapidly evolving. Research findings appear with great frequency, but the integration and impact of molecular research into the clinical practice of psychiatry is negligible. The present paper uses a translational medicine framework to provide a critical review of the possibilities for molecular medicine in psychiatry, focused on schizophrenia as an example illness.

Ventilator versus Manual Resuscitation Bag as the Method for Delivering Hyperoxygenation before Endotracheal Suctioning

1990 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen S. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Endotracheal Suctioning ◽  
Research Findings

A critical review and analysis of the current research on the efficacy of the ventilator versus the manual resuscitation bag (MRB) as the method of delivering hyperoxygenation/hyperinflation breaths before, during, and/or after endotracheal suctioning (ETS) is presented. Current research findings indicate that hyperoxygenation/hyperinflation breaths at 100% oxygen (O2) delivered via the ventilator have resulted in elevated blood-O2 levels which are either superior or equivalent to the MRB in preventing suction-induced hypoxemia. Delivery of hyperoxygenation/hyperinflation breaths using the MRB results in increased airway pressure, and increased hemodynamic consequences. Guidelines of clinical practice, based on current research findings, are presented. Areas for further research are identified

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

Therapeutic role of vegetables in Respiratory Diseases – A critical review from Ayurvedic classics.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Raghavendra Naik ◽  
Shweta Vekariya ◽  
R. N. Acharya ◽  
Sneha D. Borkar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Family

The concept of Pathya (wholesome diet) is an unique contribution of Ayurveda, which plays an important role in prevention and management of many diseases. “Shakavarga”, a category under dietetics in classical texts of Ayurveda enlisted different vegetables with their properties and indications in different disease conditions. These vegetables can be prescribed as Pathya (wholesome diet) in clinical practice. In the present review, plants described under Shakavarga, indicated as Pathya in different diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system) were compiled from 15 different Ayurvedic classical texts. Critical analysis of the compiled data reveals that out of 332 vegetables described under Shakavarga, 44 are indicated in respiratory disease like Shvasa (Dyspnoea/Asthma), Kasa (Cough), Peenasa (Chronic rhinitis) and Hikka (Hiccup). Among them, botanical identity of 42 classical plants has been established and maximum number of vegetables belongs to the family cucurbitaceae (10) followed by solanaceae (4). Some of these vegetables have been reported for their various pharmacological activities related to prevention and management of diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system). These vegetables are reported for their anti-inflammatory (16), antioxidant (14), anti-allergic (6) and antitussive (3) activities. The observed result may be helpful in use of vegetables as Pathya (wholesome diet) and planning further scientific studies about the efficacy of these plants on prevention as well as management of respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals Occlusal changes secondary to temporomandibular joint conditions: a critical review and implications for clinical practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleska CALDAS ◽  
Ana Cláudia de Castro Ferreira CONTI ◽  
Guilherme JANSON ◽  
Paulo César Rodrigues CONTI
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Critical Review

scholarly journals Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Treatment of Muscle Impairment: Critical Review and Recommendations for Clinical Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethne L. Nussbaum ◽  
Pamela Houghton ◽  
Joseph Anthony ◽  
Sandy Rennie ◽  
Barbara L. Shay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Impairment

scholarly journals Special aspects of concentrated insulins: basic characteristics and research findings

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-490
Author(s):  
Tatiana Y. Demidova ◽  
Olga V. Balutina
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Insulin Glargine ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Diabetic Microvascular Complications

The appearance of concentrated insulins in clinical practice determines the need to analyze product priorities in appropriate groups of patients with diabetes. The aim of this article is to summarize the literature on concentrated insulins (i.e. insulin lispro 200 units/mL, insulin degludec 200 units/mL, insulin glargine 300 units/mL) from randomized controlled trials, derive guidance on appropriate and safe use of these agents and demonstrate experience in real clinical practice. Severe hypoglycemia in all studies was generally low (though higher with prandial plus concentrated basal analogue therapy), and statistical improvements in other hypoglycemia categories were observed for concentrated basal insulins versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL. In all analyzed data hypoglycemic effect of insulin glargine 300 units/mL was equitable to insulin glargine 100 units/mL. Other important findings demonstrate more constant and prolonged insulin action with low within-subject/ between-day variability for insulin glargine 300 units/mL versus insulin glargine 100 units/mL, therefore, more physiological treatment might prevent from diabetic microvascular complications. The results of randomized trials are comparable with our clinical practice experience and indicate efficacious and safe glucose-lowering properties without risk of severe hypoglycemia.

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