INDICATIONS OF CONSUMERS’ PROSUMER BEHAVIOUR ON THE FOOD MARKET

The objective of this article was to identify examples of prosumer behaviour in the food market, to examine the degree of customer involvement and to measure the attitudes (opinions) of respondents regarding customer engagement in creation/improvement of a product. The most popular activities undertaken by consumers in the field of prosumption were selected and consumer involvement in various types of marketing campaigns organized by producers was determined. The survey was conducted among 320 respondents. The conducted research indicates consumer activity in the field of prosumption; however, respondents mainly manifest behaviour that do not require them to be very active. Sharing opinions on purchased food products is one of the manifestations of prosumer behaviour and these actions are undertaken with great frequency and willingness. The study also identified consumer participation in creating new products and improving existing ones. Over half of the respondents (64.4%) declared that they participated in these activities, however their participation is rare or very rare. In addition, consumers express positive opinions about the organization of such activities by companies and most of them believe that there are too few such activities on the market.

Jurisdiction, State Immunity, and Judgments in the Restatement (Fourth) of US Foreign Relations Law

In 2018, the American Law Institute published the Restatement (Fourth) of Foreign Relations Law, which restates the law of the United States governing jurisdiction, state immunity, and judgments. These issues arise with great frequency in international cases brought in US courts, including cases involving Chinese parties. This article provides an overview of many of the key provisions of the Restatement (Fourth). The article describes the Restatement (Fourth)’s treatment of the customary international law of jurisdiction, as well the rules of US domestic law based on international comity that US courts apply when deciding international cases.

Sobre la recepción de Josefo en la General Estoria de Alfonso X (Primera parte)

The editors of the First Part of the General Estoria used Josephus’ Latin version of the AI (Antiquitates Iudaicae) with great frequency. Our study focuses on some items: data offered by Josephus, and not by the Bible, but collected in the GE; points that the GE attributes to Josephus but that appear in another way or simply do not appear; facts related by Josephus briefly but extensively considered in the Alfonsi writing; and, finally, some important errors contained in the GE, when the events are described differently in the Jewish historian

Setting the Stage

This chapter lays the groundwork for navigating psychological scholarship on gender, sex, and sexualities. It presents some central concepts in these fields, as well as tools for thinking about and asking questions about these concepts and their use. The chapter begins with a discussion of social categories and categorization and then moves to a focus on sex categories. Next is an examination of three concepts that psychologists employ with great frequency, but with varying and sometimes ambiguous meanings: gender, difference, and “the social.” The closing section offers a series of questions to guide students as they read books and articles on gender, sex, and sexualities.

Pre prosthetic crown lengthening: an esthetic and functional procedure. A case report

Crown lengthening is a procedure widely used in periodontal practice, for esthetic procedures and also for pre-prosthetic ones; situation that is present with great frequency in the daily practice in periodontics. It is very important the knowledge of the anatomic structures of the periodontal anatomy in order to do a proper surgical procedure, preceded by a deep clinical and radiological exam and a pertinent treatment prosthetic plan. It is also important that the clinician knows all the surgical techniques, because not all the procedures need the same approach and there are certain anatomic and surgical characteristics that must be taken in concern at the moment of planning a surgical crown lengthening. In this article we present a clinical case where it is integrated the periodontal and prosthetic discipline.

Global Conceptual Legacies

Two hundred and twenty-five years after 1789, the French Revolution is no longer invoked with great frequency in world politics. Few contemporary moments take its events as a script to follow. Nonetheless, many of its conceptual legacies remain strong. This article traces these legacies in six broad conceptual fields: nationalism, republicanism, human rights, war and peace, political ideology and ‘revolution’ itself. In each case, it makes clear that the concepts have not been transmitted down to the present unchanged. For instance, the linkage between human rights and citizenship in a particular polity, which the revolutionaries affirmed in their Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, has given way to a widely shared idea that rights act as a limit on sovereign authority. The article closes by observing that the Revolution’s most powerful legacy may be the concept of ‘revolutionary’ change itself, and its status as a synecdoche for ‘modernity’ in general.

Western Ideas and the Shaping of Zemstvo Policy, 1865–1868

This article examines references to foreign practices and models during the early years of operation of the Moscow Provincial Zemstvo Assembly. The 1864 zemstvo statute established general areas of operation for the new organizations, but left the delegates themselves to work out the details of particular programs. In the discussions that ensued, delegates made regular reference to foreign practices to bolster the case for their preferred policy solutions. The article focuses on two issues in particular, both of which were heavily debated in the first three years of Assembly meetings. The first concerned a proposal to establish an all-zemstvo land bank, and the second related to the establishment of a Moscow teachers training institute. Both issues stretched over several meetings, with detailed proposals subject to strict scrutiny from the assembled delegates. In both cases, references to foreign models occurred with great frequency. The supporters of these initiatives referred to a myriad of foreign countries, suggesting that no one country was seen as the sole proper model for Russia’s future progression. We see the use of foreign models from the sponsors of these particular initiatives, but also from those who criticized various aspects of the proposal. The critics did not dispute the utility of foreign models; instead, they proposed other countries as more appropriate examples. The debate was not about whether Russia should follow precedents from Western Europe, but rather about which particular precedents were most useful. The discussions show that no one single model predominated; delegates cited precedents from different countries on different issues. Though the zemtsy conceded that Russia had certain characteristics that made it distinct from the countries they cited, they remained steadfast in their belief that exemplars from abroad were the best model to follow.

A translational medicine approach to molecular psychiatry

SummaryThe place of molecular medicine in psychiatry is rapidly evolving. Research findings appear with great frequency, but the integration and impact of molecular research into the clinical practice of psychiatry is negligible. The present paper uses a translational medicine framework to provide a critical review of the possibilities for molecular medicine in psychiatry, focused on schizophrenia as an example illness.

Provinciales, Gentiles, and Marriages between Romans and Barbarians in the Late Roman Empire

Codex Theodosianus 3.14.1, issued in the early 370s, has been understood in the past to indicate a ban on all marriages between ‘Romans’ and ‘barbarians’. But this interpretation contradicts evidence that Roman-barbarian marriages occurred with great frequency, and the lack of any other evidence for such a ban. This study argues that the specific wording of the law, referring to gentiles (barbarian soldiers) and provinciales (residents of provinces), suggests that the ban was imposed to ensure the continued performance of specific duties incumbent upon these two classes of individuals, and had nothing to do with ethnicity-qua-ethnicity.