scholarly journals Neurosciences in Buddhist India

2018 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 176-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arushi Kumar ◽  
Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Mind Control ◽  
Control Of Thoughts ◽  
Case Based

AbstractNeurosciences in Buddhist era was mainly based on power of mind and thoughts. It emphasized mainly about the power of mind, control of thoughts, purification, and modifications of erroneous thought process, which should result in truthful and correct practices and subsequent actions by human beings to remain happy. Buddhism believes that most diseases of human body are secondary to mind and that these can be healed by controlling the erroneous thoughts and practices of Dhamma. Though the treatment for neurologic disorders such as headache, stress, and anxiety was primitive, it was mainly based on purification of mind and righteous pathway of Dhamma followed by medicines, modification in dietary and other living habits, etc. Enough evidence (including operated case-based commentary) shows that cranial surgery was also performed following appropriate diagnosis. The concept of diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, explanation to the patient, operative procedure, perioperative care, and follow-up was also present in that era.

scholarly journals Long-term outcome and quality of life after CNS cavernoma resection: eloquent vs. non-eloquent areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loay Shoubash ◽  
Jörg Baldauf ◽  
Marc Matthes ◽  
Michael Kirsch ◽  
Matthias Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

AbstractThe aim of this study is to analyze the long-term quality of life after surgery of cavernoma. A monocentric retrospective study was conducted on 69 patients with cavernoma treated microsurgically between 2000 and 2016. The eloquence was adopted from Spetzler-Martin definition. A most recent follow-up was elicited between 2017 and 2019, in which the quality of life (QoL) was evaluated with the Short Form-12 questionnaire (SF12). Forty-one lesions were in eloquent group (EG), 22 in non-eloquent group (NEG), 3 in orbit, and 3 in the spinal cord. Postoperative worsening of the modified Rankin scale (mRS) occurred in 19.5% of cases in EG versus 4.5% in NEG. After a mean follow-up of 6.5 years (SD 4.6), the neurological status was better or unchanged compared to baseline in 85.4% of EG and 100% of NEG. Regarding QoL assessment of 44 patients (EG n = 27, NEG n = 14) attended the last follow-up. Patients after eloquent cavernoma resection reported a non-inferior QoL in most SF12 domains (except for physical role) compared to NEG. However, they reported general health perception inferior to norms, which was affected by the limited physical and emotional roles. At a late follow-up, the surgical morbidity was transient in the NEG and mostly recovered in the EG. The QoL comparison between eloquent and non-eloquent cavernomas created interesting and new data after prolonged follow-up. These results add value for decision-making as well as patient counseling for future encountered cases. Preoperative evaluation of QoL is recommended for future studies to assess QoL dynamics.

scholarly journals Engineered Fat Graft Enhanced with Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Clinical, Histological and Instrumental Evaluation in Breast Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Gentile ◽  
Donato Casella ◽  
Enza Palma ◽  
Claudio Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Calvarial Defects

The areas in which Stromal Vascular Fraction cells (SVFs) have been used include radiotherapy based tissue damage after mastectomy, breast augmentation, calvarial defects, Crohn’s fistulas, and damaged skeletal muscle. Currently, the authors present their experience using regenerative cell therapy in breast reconstruction. The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the use of Engineered Fat Graft Enhanced with Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction cells (EF-e-A) in breast reconstruction. 121 patients that were affected by the outcomes of breast oncoplastic surgery were treated with EF-e-A, comparing the results with the control group (n = 50) treated with not enhanced fat graft (EF-ne-A). The preoperative evaluation included a complete clinical examination, a photographic assessment, biopsy, magnetic resonance (MRI) of the soft tissue, and ultrasound (US). Postoperative follow-up took place at two, seven, 15, 21, 36 weeks, and then annually. In 72.8% (n = 88) of breast reconstruction treated with EF-e-A, we observed a restoration of the breast contour and an increase of 12.8 mm in the three-dimensional volume after 12 weeks, which was only observed in 27.3% (n = 33) of patients in the control group that was treated with EF-ne-A. Transplanted fat tissue reabsorption was analyzed with instrumental MRI and US. Volumetric persistence in the study group was higher (70.8%) than that in the control group (41.4%) (p < 0.0001 vs. control group). The use of EF-e-A was safe and effective in this series of treated cases.

Concept of  Mental Education: A Perspective of  Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-419
Author(s):  
Makmudi Makmudi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Integrated Curriculum ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Will ◽  
Life Education ◽  
The Mind

Man consists of two elements, namely body and spirit, so that human beings are jasiman and ruhiyah at once. Hummans are also part of one element of the elements that exist in an educational process. Three element include the soul, the mind, the heart, and the human body. Humman and education, can not be separated from each other. Both are an interconnected entity, human as the perpetrator and education as a syistem in the process to achieve the goal of education itself.  Mental health education requires alignment and harmony in various stages and sectors as well as attention to the three elements that exist in the human self that is the physical element (psychomotor) which includes body building, skill (skill) and sexual education, the spiritual element (affective) which includes the formation of faith, and iradah (the will), the element of reason (cognitive) which includes the coaching of intelligence and the provision of knowledge. The purpose of writing this research is to know and analyze thoughts about the concept of life education perspective Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. Soul education is considered successful, if one's soul has reached the degree of nafs muthmainnah, which has three main characteristics that mutually reinforce one another, namely; (1) a faithful soul to God, (2) a patient soul, (3) a soul that is self-serving to Allah (tawakal). Through the process of mental education which includes: the foundation of theology, the purpose of mental education, integrated curriculum / manhaj at-takamul, appropriate methods and applicable according to its stages, such as: takhliyah stages, tahliyah stages, muhasabah an-nafs, dzikrullah, and tahqiq 'ubudiyah. So that from the process will give birth ihsan attitude, and will increase the piety in worship, both related to God and those related to humans and the surrounding natural environment. Because, the essence of ihsan attitude itself is upholding 'ubudiyah.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF LIGATION OF INTERSPHINCTERIC FISTULA TRACT FOR COMPLEX FISTULA-IN-ANO: MODIFIED OPERATIVE PROCEDURE EXPERIENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke WEN ◽  
Yun-Fei GU ◽  
Xue-Liang SUN ◽  
Xiao-Peng WANG ◽  
Shuai YAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Cleveland Clinic ◽  
Fistula Tract ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Fistula In Ano ◽  
Complex Fistula ◽  
Intersphincteric Fistula

ABSTRACT Background: It is important but difficult to treat complex fistula-in-ano due to the high recurrent rate and following incontinence. Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT), a novel surgical procedure with the advantage of avoiding anal incontinence, has a variable success rate of 57-94.4 %. Aim: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of modified LIFT operative procedure - ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract - to treat complex fistula-in-ano. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 62 cases of complex fistula-in-ano. The group was treated with the modified approach of LIFT (curved incision was made in the anal canal skin; purse-string suture was performed around the fistula; the residual fistulas were removed in a tunnel-based way) and had a follow-up time of more than one year. Patient´s preoperative general condition, postoperative efficacy and their anal function were compared. Results: The median age of the participants was 34, and 43 (69.4%) cases were male. Forty-one (66.1%) cases were of high transsphincteric fistula, four (6.5%) cases of high intrasphincter fistula, and 17 (27.4%) cases of anterior anal fistula in female. The median follow-up duration was 24.5 (range, 12-51) months. The success rate in the end of follow-up was 83.9% (52/62). The anorectal pressure and Cleveland Clinic Florida Fecal Incontinence (CCF-FI) evaluated three months before and after the operation did not find apparent changes. Conclusions: Compared with LIFT, the modified LIFT remarkably reduces postoperative failure and the recurrence rate of complex fistula with acceptable long-term outcomes.

Arthroscopic Treatment of Anterior Ankle Impingement

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 418-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Branca ◽  
Luigi Di Palma ◽  
Carmelo Bucca ◽  
Camilla Sagarriga Visconti ◽  
M. Di Mille
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Ankle Arthroscopy ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Joint Cartilage ◽  
Ankle Impingement ◽  
Radiological Classification ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Anterior Ankle Impingement

Ankle arthroscopy has recently allowed the elaboration of less invasive techniques for the treatment of anterior impingement. Its indications, advantages, and drawbacks in this application are discussed. Between 1987 and 1994, 133 patients were treated for ankle impingement. Among them, 58 patients, 37 men and 21 women (mean age, 28.5 years), who had failed a trial of conservative treatment were treated by means of tibiotalar arthroscopy. Twenty-seven were athletes engaged in sports with abnormal stressing of the ankle. According to McDermott's radiological classification, there were 15 stage I cases, 23 stage II, 13 stage III, and 7 stage IV. Preoperative evaluation with a modified version of McGuire's scoring system gave 50 cases rated as “poor” (<60 points) and 8 cases rated as “fair” (60–67 points). Treatment consisted of removal of adhesions, cartilage shaving, and removal of the bone impingement with powered instruments, curettes, or small osteotomes. Follow-up was from 8 to 62 months (mean, 21.5 months). The postoperative McGuire ratings were 37 good, 13 fair, and 8 poor. There were no major complications. Recurrence of impingement was observed in four cases of stage III and IV. The conclusion is drawn that ankle arthroscopy is a sound method for the treatment of anterior impingement. Even in cases with severe joint cartilage impairment, it plays a therapeutic role as a means of postponing a possible arthrodesis.

scholarly journals Neurosurgical procedures in pregnancy

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayram Cirak ◽  
Nejmi Kiymaz ◽  
Memduh Kerman ◽  
Kadir Tahta
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Neurologically Intact ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention ◽  
In Pregnancy

PURPOSE: Over the past few decades maternal mortality has progressively declined because of improved management of the major obstetric problems of hemorrhage, infection, and toxemia. As a result, the relative incidence of deaths resulting from non obstetric causes has increased. Chief among nonobstetric causes are neurologic disorders. Those most common during pregnancy are low back pain, intracranial tumors, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and neurotrauma. The management of the neurosurgical pathologies during pregnancy needs some specifications for both the mother and the fetus. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study evaluating the clinical, radiological, and surgical characteristics of 9 patients who have cranial neuropathologies and have undergone neurosurgical intervention. RESULTS: Most of the patients in this study had vaginal delivery. Prominent neurosurgical disease related to cerebral damage. Every patient underwent a laboratory and radiological evaluation. All except one survived the neurosurgical pathology. Neither baby nor mother had significant problem during delivery and neurosurgical intervention. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women may face to every kind of neurosurgical pathology that nonpregnant women have faced. In addition, pregnancy itself, gives rise some metabolic changes in the women and those changes may cause some neurologic pathologies to be symptomatic or to aggravate the present symptomatology. Because of those reasons, close neurologic follow up of a pregnant woman is of vital importance. At the end of a pregnancy having experienced some neurologic interventions including diagnostic evaluation or surgical intervention does not necessitates the cesarean section for a neurologically intact infant and mother.

scholarly journals Criminal Force: Review of Islamic Law in Contemporary Context

Fahm-i-Islam ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Dr. Zainab Ameen ◽  
Sana Zia
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Contemporary Context

Like the limits of crime, crimes against human life and body are also very dangerous in terms of their effects, so the Qur'an has fixed their punishment for them. Islamic law has set specific punishments for it, and it does not allow any kind of crime to be reduced. These crimes have schakled the very basis of society and they have to be dealt with severely. The basic elements of society are the need to protect the structures on which the lives and deaths of society depend. These crimes can be basically divided into two types: 1.Crimes against human beings (e.g. murder) 2.Crimes against the human body. There is a long way to go around, and in the meantime, this kind of research is needed, the seriousness of which is far greater than the rest of researches. This article examined the crimes against humanity in the light of Islamic law.

scholarly journals One Time New Surgical Correction for Severe Upper Eyelid Acquired Ptosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-504
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Noditi ◽  
Mihail Cojocaru ◽  
Dan Grigorescu ◽  
George Noditi
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Active Muscle ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Frontalis Muscle ◽  
Chronic Use

Palpebral ptosis is a condition caused by different congenital and acquired pathologies. Seeing difficulty due to the visual field obstruction, prefrontal headaches due to chronic use of the frontalis muscle in an attempt to lift the eyelids and cosmetic deformity are the main complaints of the patients. The surgical correction of the ptosis can be challenging. According to the preoperative evaluation, the most appropriate technique should be used to maximize the postoperator result. We describe a new surgical approach for severe upper eyelids acquired ptosis consisting in reanimation of both eyelids by using the neighboring active muscle. We considered the patient a good candidate for the new surgical approach we introduce as one time operative procedure. The result was a normal palpebral fissure for both eyes. The advantage of this approach consists in performing one time surgery followed by immediate postoperative mobilization of the upper eyelids which determine the recovery of the upper lids motility by further self-control.

scholarly journals Kinect-based human gait identifcation under different covariate factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Azhin T. Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Gait Recognition ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Microsoft Kinect ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Gait Biometrics ◽  
Gait Identification ◽  
Microsoft Kinect Sensor

Introduction: Nowadays human gait identification/recognition is available in a variety of applications due to rapid advances in biometrics technology. This makes them easier to use for security and surveillance. Due to the rise in terrorist attacks during the last ten years research has focused on the biometric traits in these applications and they are now capable of recognising human beings from a distance. The main reason for my research interest in Gait biometrics is because it is unobtrusive and requires lower image/video quality compared to other biometric traits. Materials and Methods: In this paper we propose investigating Kinect-based gait recognition using non-standard gait sequences. This study examines different scenarios to highlight the challenges of non-standard gait sequences. Gait signatures are extracted from the 20 joint points of the human body using a Microsoft Kinect sensor. Results and Discussion: This feature is constructed by calculating the distances between each two joint points from the 20 joint points of the human body provided which is known as the Euclidean Distance Feature (EDF). The experiments are based on five scenarios, and a Linear Discriminant Classifier (LDC) is used to test the performance of the proposed method. Conclusions: The results of the experiments indicate that the proposed method outperforms previous work in all scenarios.

scholarly journals Dear to the Gods, yet all too human: Demetrios Capetanakis and the Mythology of the Hellenic

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Emmanuela Kantzia
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Individual Life ◽  
Johann Joachim Winckelmann ◽  
Kantian Philosophy

Philosopher and poet Demetrios Capetanakis (1912-1944) struggled withthe ideas of Hellenism and Greekness throughout his short life while moving across languages, cultures, and philosophical traditions. In one of his early essays, Mythology of the Beautiful (1937; in Greek), Hellenism is approached through the lens of eros, pain and the human body. Capetanakis distances himself both from the discourse put forth by the Generation of the Thirties and from the neo-Kantian philosophy of his mentors, and in particular Constantine Tsatsos, while attempting a bold synthesis of Platonic philosophy with the philosophy of despair (Kierkegaard, Shestov). By upholding the classical over and against the romantic tradition, as exemplified in the life and work of Johann Joachim Winckelmann, he seeks to present Hellenism not as a universal ideal, but as an individual life stance grounded on the concrete. His concern for the particular becomes more pronounced in a later essay, “The Greeks are Human Beings” (1941; in English), where, however, one senses a shift away from aesthetics, towards ethics and history.

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