Wnt/β-Catenin and Hh signaling in the adult liver – an insight into distribution, interaction and regulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kolbe ◽  
D Meierhofer ◽  
R Gajowski ◽  
C Stöpel ◽  
S Höhme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Liver ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Insight Into

scholarly journals Mutual Zonated Interactions of Wnt and Hh Signaling Are Orchestrating the Metabolism of the Adult Liver in Mice and Human

Cell Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 4553-4567.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Kolbe ◽  
Susanne Aleithe ◽  
Christiane Rennert ◽  
Luise Spormann ◽  
Fritzi Ott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Liver ◽  
Hh Signaling

scholarly journals The novel ciliogenesis regulator DYRK2 governs Hedgehog signaling during mouse embryogenesis

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saishu Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiko Aoki ◽  
Ken Fujiwara ◽  
Takashi Nakakura ◽  
Akira Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Primary Cilia ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

Mammalian Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays key roles in embryogenesis and uniquely requires primary cilia. Functional analyses of several ciliogenesis-related genes led to the discovery of the developmental diseases known as ciliopathies. Hence, identification of mammalian factors that regulate ciliogenesis can provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and ciliopathy. Here, we demonstrate that DYRK2 acts as a novel mammalian ciliogenesis-related protein kinase. Loss of Dyrk2 in mice causes suppression of Hh signaling and results in skeletal abnormalities during in vivo embryogenesis. Deletion of Dyrk2 induces abnormal ciliary morphology and trafficking of Hh pathway components. Mechanistically, transcriptome analyses demonstrate down-regulation of Aurka and other disassembly genes following Dyrk2 deletion. Taken together, the present study demonstrates for the first time that DYRK2 controls ciliogenesis and is necessary for Hh signaling during mammalian development.

The emerging realm of morphogens in the adult liver of mice and human – a deep insight into distribution, interaction and regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. S140
Author(s):  
E. Schröder ◽  
C. Rennert ◽  
J. Böttger ◽  
D. Meierhofer ◽  
R. Gajowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Insight ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Insight Into

The Adventures of Sonic Hedgehog in Development and Repair. II. Sonic hedgehog and liver development, inflammation, and cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. G595-G598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Omenetti ◽  
Anna Mae Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Tissue Remodeling ◽  
Liver Development ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinomas ◽  
Hh Signaling ◽  
Liver Repair

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling modulates tissue remodeling by controlling the fate of Hh-responsive cells. Healthy adult livers exhibit little Hh activity. However, cells involved in adult liver repair, including myofibroblasts and progenitors, are capable of producing and responding to Hh ligands. During adult liver injury, Hh ligand production increases and populations of Hh-responsive cells expand. This process is accompanied by fibrosis. Ligand production and Hh-responsive cells diminish as fibrosis resolves and normal hepatic architecture is restored, but Hh signaling persists in hepatocellular carcinomas. These findings suggest that the Hh pathway mediates remodeling responses that are triggered by adult liver damage.

scholarly journals A study on histology of fetal liver

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 026-029
Author(s):  
Jaiswal A. ◽  
Sinha DN ◽  
Singh AK
Keyword(s):  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Special Function ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Human Fetuses ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background and aims : Background and aims : The liver during fetogenesis does not follow classical lobular pattern. Normal histology of the fetal liver at various stages of development was studied to get insight into the morphology of fetal liver and special function it performs in fetal life. Method: Dissection of 29 normal human fetuses was done and histological findings of liver were noted with respect to the age of fetus. The histology of fetal liver was studied using H & E stain and important features of fetal liver were studied. Result: Fetal liver histology is different from adult liver. Unlike adult liver, fetal liver shows hepatocytes arranged in sheets predominantly with cordlike pattern at places. The sinusoids are dilated and filled with hemopoietic cells, which could be appreciated at different stages of fetal development. The Kupffer cells were also noticed in fetal liver. Conclusion: The present study will be helpful in understanding the normal histology of fetal liver and add to the existing knowledge regarding development of fetal liver.

Calibration problems in hydrogen luminosities

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 322-330
Author(s):  
A. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Galactic Structure ◽  
B Stars ◽  
Insight Into

The investigations which I should like to summarize in this paper concern recent photo-electric luminosity determinations of O and B stars. Their final aim has been the derivation of new stellar distances, and some insight into certain patterns of galactic structure.

Stochasting modeling of planetary ring systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Ring System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Ultimate State ◽  
Interparticle Interactions ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Planetary Ring ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTThis paper models maximum entropy configurations of idealized gravitational ring systems. Such configurations are of interest because systems generally evolve toward an ultimate state of maximum randomness. For simplicity, attention is confined to ultimate states for which interparticle interactions are no longer of first order importance. The planets, in their orbits about the sun, are one example of such a ring system. The extent to which the present approximation yields insight into ring systems such as Saturn's is explored briefly.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Structure and function of neural networks in the retina

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Peter Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Visual Axis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Cat Retina ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
And Function ◽  
Insight Into

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.

Radiation Damage Studies with the HVEM

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 680-681
Author(s):  
J. J. Laidler ◽  
B. Mastel
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Fast Breeder Reactors ◽  
Breeder Reactors ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Development Laboratory ◽  
Insight Into

One of the major materials problems encountered in the development of fast breeder reactors for commercial power generation is the phenomenon of swelling in core structural components and fuel cladding. This volume expansion, which is due to the retention of lattice vacancies by agglomeration into large polyhedral clusters (voids), may amount to ten percent or greater at goal fluences in some austenitic stainless steels. From a design standpoint, this is an undesirable situation, and it is necessary to obtain experimental confirmation that such excessive volume expansion will not occur in materials selected for core applications in the Fast Flux Test Facility, the prototypic LMFBR now under construction at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory (HEDL). The HEDL JEM-1000 1 MeV electron microscope is being used to provide an insight into trends of radiation damage accumulation in stainless steels, since it is possible to produce atom displacements at an accelerated rate with 1 MeV electrons, while the specimen is under continuous observation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document