Bilinguismo em adultos por Ellen Bialystok

O bilinguismo tem sido associado a mudanças cognitivas e neurofisiológicas em diversas faixas etárias, sendo, devido à sua natureza social, um fator que não poderia surgir exclusivamente de pessoas com especial capacidade cognitiva. A Dra. Ellen Bialystok, coordenadora do Lifespan, Cognition and Development Laboratory (Universidade de York, Canadá), é uma das principais pesquisadoras no que se refere o estudo do bilinguismo. Sua contribuição foi escolhida, devido à sua importância para esta área de pesquisa, como foco deste estudo. Desta forma, foram revisados todos os artigos publicados em periódicos pelo laboratório supracitado entre 2012-2018 que contiveram coleta de dados em amostras de adultos e que compararam bilíngues e monolíngues. Foram encontradas 21 publicações, considerando aspectos cognitivos, linguísticos e neurofisiológicos. As pesquisas com EEG demonstraram diferenças diversas, incluindo padrões atencionais mais difusos e maior facilidade para tarefas executivas. Quanto às funções executivas, foram encontrados resultados mistos em tarefas comportamentais.

Improving and Comparing Probiotic Plate Count Methods by Analytical Procedure Lifecycle Management

Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts. This definition links probiotic efficacy to microbial viability. The current gold standard assay for probiotic potency is enumeration using classical microbiology plating-based procedures, yielding results in colony-forming units (CFU). One drawback to plating-based procedures is high variability due to intrinsic and extrinsic uncertainties. These uncertainties make comparison between analytical procedures challenging. In this article, we provide tools to reduce measurement uncertainty and strengthen the reliability of probiotic enumerations by using analytical procedure lifecycle management (APLM). APLM is a tool that uses a step-by-step process to define procedure performance based on the concept that the reportable value (final CFU result) must be fit for its intended use. Once the procedure performance is defined, the information gathered through APLM can be used to evaluate and compare procedures. Here, we discuss the theory behind applying APLM and give practical information about its application to CFU enumeration procedures for probiotics using a simulated example and data set. Data collected in a manufacturer’s development laboratory is included to support application of the concept. Implementation of APLM can lead to reduced variability by identifying specific factors (e.g., the dilution step) with significant impact on the variability and providing insights to procedural modifications that lead to process improvement. Understanding and control of the analytical procedure is improved by using these tools. The probiotics industry can confidently apply the information and analytical results generated to make decisions about processes and formulation, including overage requirements. One benefit of this approach is that companies can reduce overage costs. More reliable procedures for viable cell count determinations will improve the quality evaluation of probiotic products, and hence manufacturing procedures, while ensuring that products deliver clinically demonstrated beneficial doses.

Experimental research on water chemistry evolution in case of inadequate conservation protocols: application on surface and groundwater

The objective of this study conducted from October to December 2020 in the Natural Resources and Sensitive Environment Development Laboratory was to demonstrate the importance of conservation protocols respect throw evolution of water chemistry. Ninety-nine samples representing three water types (tap, spring and mineral water) were analyzed. Storage was at laboratory temperature with no conservation protocol. Studied parameters (temperature, pH, CE, dissolved oxygen, oxydo-reduction potential, total dissolved solids, HCO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42− and Cl−) were determined using standard methods. The data registered from physico-chemical parameters were subjected to different analytical methods to assess the time affect on their values compared with initial state. The results indicate that pH and alkalinity (exprimed in HCO3−) are the most vulnerable to evolution processes with highly significant time factor effect, while the concentrations of chlorides and sulfates with conductivity levels are statistically less evolved. PCA analysis accounting 71.43% of the total variance examines contribution of water type composition as a second variation factor. Projection through F1*F2 plan demonstrates clearly two groups with surface waters (tap water) which are excessively mineralized and groundwaters (spring and bottled waters) in which pH and magnesium parameters variations are the best illustrated.

EFEK KOMBINASI PAKAN ALAMI (Artemia sp. dan Oithona sp.) TERHADAP TINGKAT KELULUSHIDUPAN LARVA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)

The development of vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture will affect the increasing need of live food organisms for shrimp larvae, especially Artemia sp. In shrimp hatchery, biotechnical constraints of culture of Artemia sp. and dependence on imported cysts is a limiting factor for success. Perhaps, the use of Oithona sp. is an alternative live food for L. vannamei larvae which has the potential to be combined with Artemia sp. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a combination of live foods, Artemia sp. and Oithona sp. on the survival rate of L. vannamei shrimp larvae and to determine the percentage of live food combinations that provide the best survival rate of L. vannamei shrimp larvae. The method used was an experiment carried out at the Coastal Area Development Laboratory, Jepara. The experimental design used CRD with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Those treatments were a combination of live food, Artemia sp. and Oithona sp. with the percentage ratio of each treatment A. 100%: 0%; B. 75%: 25%; C. 50%: 50%; D. 25%: 75%; and E. 0%: 100%. The results showed that the combination of live foods of Artemia sp. and Oithona sp. had a significant effect (p<.05) on the survival rate of the L. vannamei shrimp larvae and the percentage of the combination of natural foods, Artemia sp. ranged of 50 -100% and Oithona sp ranged of 0% - 50% had given the survival rates of L. vannamei larvae (N-5/6 to PL-10) ranged of 41.71-43.00%.

STIMR Model for Covid 19 Pandemic

In this work, we are interested in proposing a mathematical model for the evolution of the pandemic of covid 19. And this in order to answer the question of the control of this pandemic, by giving the spade number of infected people and the duration of the fight against this pandemic. If we talk about the place and Duration of Study, as you Know, and because of the confinement, we were forced to work remotely between Finance, Entrepreneurship and Development laboratory, Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences of Sale, and Engineering Systems and Applications Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences of Fez, between March 02, 2020 and April 16, 2020.

Growth of Beauveria bassiana Combined with MIPC Insecticide and Its Efficacy to Control the Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of MIPC to control the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, one of the most damaging pests of rice in the field and determine the effect of various of its doses on the growth of the fungus B. bassiana. The research was carried out in a rice field and in the Biological Agents Development Laboratory, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Indonesia. The field efficacy test of the MIPC insecticide was conducted by applying 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, and 2.0-kg/ha doses. The insecticidal compatibility test of MIPC with B. bassiana was conducted in 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, and 2.0-g/L doses of MIPC. Application of MIPC insecticide at 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, and 2.0-kg/ha doses had no significant difference in reducing N. lugens population in the vegetative phase (28 to 70 days after planting). The MIPC doses of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/L were highly toxic or incompatible with the growth of B. bassiana. Meanwhile, a sublethal concentration of MIPC insecticide of 0.5 g/L was non-toxic to B. bassiana. Therefore, this study recommends the use of 0.5 g/L MIPC combined with B. bassiana fungi.