scholarly journals Platelet ADP-Hypersensitivity by Aging and Isometric Exercise in Diabetics and its Prevention by EG-626

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sano ◽  
T. Motomiya ◽  
Y. Itoh ◽  
N. Mashimo ◽  
H. Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Camp Phosphodiesterase ◽  
Minimum Effective Concentration ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Thrombotic Tendency

The important role of platelet aggregation in the pathophysiology of diabetic vascular disease has been emphasized. The authors devised a new method to assess platelet sensitivity to aggregation performed without centrifugation (Sano et al. Thrombos. Haemostasis April '77 issue, in press). Using this technique, platelet aggregability in diabetics was assessed concerning to age and to. the effect of isometric exercise. The effect of EG-626, a potent cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibiting and thromboxane A2-antagonistic substance, administered prior to exercise was also observed.In 52 diabetics without macroangiopathy, platelet sensitivity to ADP-aggregation was assessed. The sensitivity was expressed by ‘n’ of the minimum effective concentration of serially two-fold diluted ADP, 2-n mg/ml, to give aggregation. In males, both diabetics and healthy, the sensitivity correlated significantly with age. The regression lines obtained were Y=2.15+0,13X (Y: sensitivity, X:age in years) in the diabetics and Y=6.58+0.04X in the healthy subjects respectively. The value of the slope was significantly higher in the diabetics comparing to the healthy subjects. An enhancement of the platelet sensitivity was disclosed significantly in the diabetics but not in the healthy subjects, after isometric handgrip exercise at 50% maximal voluntary contraction for 2 minutes.. This enhancement was prevented when the patients were treated orally with 300 mg of EG-626, 1.5 hours before exercise. These findings would suggest the thrombotic tendency in diabetics and anti-thrombotic effect of this compound.

Autonomic mediation of the pressor responses to isometric exercise in humans

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 2190-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Seals ◽  
P. B. Chase ◽  
J. A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exercise In Humans

The purpose of this study was to determine the respective contributions of tachycardia and increases in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in mediating the pressor responses to fatiguing vs. nonfatiguing levels of isometric handgrip exercise (IHE) in humans. We performed direct (microneurographic) measurements of muscle SNA from the right peroneal nerve in the leg and recorded arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) in eight healthy subjects before (control), during, and after 2.5 min of IHE at 15, 25, or 35% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). At 15% MVC, AP increased during the initial 1.5 min of IHE (7 mmHg, P less than 0.05) and remained at this level; at 25 and 35% MVC, AP increased throughout IHE (22 and 34 mmHg vs. control, respectively, P less than 0.05). HR increased during the initial 1.5 min of IHE at all three levels (5, 12, and 19 beats/min, respectively, P less than 0.05) but did not increase further over the last minute. At 15% MVC, muscle SNA did not increase above control; during 25 and 35% MVC, muscle SNA did not increase during the 1st min of IHE but increased progressively thereafter (109 and 205% vs. control, respectively, P less than 0.05). The magnitudes of the average increases in AP and muscle SNA over the last minute of IHE were directly related (r = 0.99, P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Isometric Handgrip Exercise Training Improves Spirometric Parameters and Pulmonary Capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-338
Author(s):  
Ogbutor Udoji Godsday ◽  
Nwangwa Eze Kingsley ◽  
Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka ◽  
Chukwuemeka Ephraim ◽  
Ezunu Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Decline in normal physiological pulmonary function has been attributed to premorbid conditions such as prehypertension. Research evidence suggests that physical activity reduces age-related decline in pulmonary function and improves the efficiency of the lungs in prehypertensive patients. However, there is a scarcity of data evidence relating to isometric exercise and pulmonary function. Furthermore, the interrelationship between the intensity and duration of isometric exercise and pulmonary function in these patients is still uncertain. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of isometric handgrip exercise on pulmonary function capacity in adults with prehypertension. To determine the effectiveness of isometric handgrip exercise on pulmonary function capacity in adults with prehypertension. A quasi experiment using a pre- and post-exercise method was carried out in two out-patients hospital settings. The sample comprised 192 sedentary pre-hypertensive subjects, aged between 30–50 years, that were randomly distributed into three groups of 64 participants each. The subjects performed, for 24 consecutive days, an isometric handgrip exercise at 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (M.V.C.). At the end of the 24 days, group one (GP1) discontinued, while group two (GP2) continued the exercise protocol for another 24 consecutive days and group three (GP3) continued with the exercise protocol for another 24 consecutive days but at 50% M.V.C. Determinants of lung function (outcomes) were Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC Ratio and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). The study shows that there was no statistically significant difference in the pre- and post-exercise outcomes for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC Ratio and PEFR after 24 days for group 1. In group 2, there was a statistically significant difference in the FVC [(mean = 0.12 ± 0.12), (p = 0.002)], FEV1 [(mean = 0.15 ± 0.17), (p = 0.003)] and PEF [(mean = 0.85 ± 0.35), (p = 0.001)] after 48 days. In group 3, there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001) in all the outcomes assessed after 48 days. There was a between groups difference in favour of group 2 compared with group 1 for outcomes of FEV1 [(mean = 0.142 ± 0.68), (p = 0.005)] and PEF [(mean = 0.83 ± 0.19), (p = 0.0031)]. There was statistically significant difference in favour of group 3 compared to group 2, by increasing the exercise intensity from 30% to 50% M.V.C., for outcomes of FVC [mean change = 0.10 ± 0.052), (p = 0.005)], FEV1/FVC [mean change = 3.18 ± 0.75), (p = 0.017)] and PEF [(mean change = 0.86 ± 0.35), (p = 0.001)] after 48 days. Isometric handgrip exercise (after 48 days at 30% to 50% M.V.C.) improves outcomes of pulmonary function capacity in adults with prehypertension. Meanwhile, duration and/or increase in intensity of the isometric effort significantly contributed to the affects attained.

Sex differences in forebrain and cardiovagal responses at the onset of isometric handgrip exercise: a retrospective fMRI study

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1402-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savio W. Wong ◽  
Derek S. Kimmerly ◽  
Nicholas Massé ◽  
Ravi S. Menon ◽  
David F. Cechetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex

In general, cardiac regulation is dominated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in men and women, respectively. Our recent study had revealed sex differences in the forebrain network associated with sympathoexcitatory response to baroreceptor unloading. The present study further examined the sex differences in forebrain modulation of cardiovagal response at the onset of isometric exercise. Forebrain activity in healthy men ( n = 8) and women ( n = 9) was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging during 5 and 35% maximal voluntary contraction handgrip exercise. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) were collected in a separate recording session. During the exercise, HR and MAP increased progressively, while MSNA was suppressed ( P < 0.05). Relative to men, women demonstrated smaller HR (8 ± 2 vs. 18 ± 3 beats/min) and MAP (3 ± 2 vs. 11 ± 2 mmHg) responses to the 35% maximal voluntary contraction trials ( P < 0.05). Although a similar forebrain network was activated in both groups, the smaller cardiovascular response in women was reflected in a weaker insular cortex activation. Nevertheless, men did not show a stronger deactivation at the ventral medial prefrontal cortex, which has been associated with modulating cardiovagal activity. In contrast, the smaller cardiovascular response in women related to their stronger suppression of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activity, which has been associated with sympathetic control of the heart. Our findings revealed sex differences in both the physiological and forebrain responses to isometric exercise.

Individual differences in cardiac and vascular components of the pressor response to isometric handgrip exercise in humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (2) ◽  
pp. H251-H260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhito Watanabe ◽  
Masashi Ichinose ◽  
Rei Tahara ◽  
Takeshi Nishiyasu
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Muscle Metaboreflex ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Induced Changes

We tested the hypotheses that, in humans, changes in cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR) occurring in response to isometric handgrip exercise vary considerably among individuals and that those individual differences are related to differences in muscle metaboreflex and arterial baroreflex function. Thirty-nine healthy subjects performed a 1-min isometric handgrip exercise at 50% of maximal voluntary contraction. This was followed by a 4-min postexercise muscle ischemia (PEMI) period to selectively maintain activation of the muscle metaboreflex. All subjects showed increases in arterial pressure during exercise. Interindividual coefficients of variation (CVs) for the changes in CO and TPR between rest and exercise periods (CO: 95.1% and TPR: 87.8%) were more than twofold greater than CVs for changes in mean arterial pressure (39.7%). There was a negative correlation between CO and TPR responses during exercise ( r = −0.751, P < 0.01), but these CO and TPR responses correlated positively with the corresponding responses during PEMI ( r = 0.568 and 0.512, respectively, P < 0.01). The CO response during exercise did not correlate with PEMI-induced changes in an index of cardiac parasympathetic tone and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. These findings demonstrate that the changes in CO and TPR that occur in response to isometric handgrip exercise vary considerably among individuals and that the two responses have an inverse relationship. They also suggest that individual differences in components of the pressor response are attributable in part to variations in muscle metaboreflex-mediated cardioaccelerator and vasoconstrictor responses.

Cutaneous vascular responses to isometric handgrip exercise

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1586-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Taylor ◽  
J. M. Johnson ◽  
W. A. Kosiba ◽  
C. M. Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise

Cutaneous vascular responses to dynamic exercise have been well characterized, but it is not known whether that response pattern applies to isometric handgrip exercise. We examined cutaneous vascular responses to isometric handgrip and dynamic leg exercise in five supine men. Skin blood flow was measured by laser-Doppler velocimetry and expressed as laser-Doppler flow (LDF). Arterial blood pressure was measured noninvasively once each minute. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated as LDF/mean arterial pressure. LDF and CVC responses were measured at the forearm and chest during two 3-min periods of isometric handgrip at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction and expressed as percent changes from the preexercise levels. The skin was normothermic (32 degrees C) for the first period of handgrip and was locally warmed to 39 degrees C for the second handgrip. Finally, responses were observed during 5 min of dynamic two-leg bicycle exercise (150–175 W) at a local skin temperature of 39 degrees C. Arm LDF increased 24.5 +/- 18.9% during isometric handgrip in normothermia and 64.8 +/- 14.1% during isometric handgrip at 39 degrees C (P less than 0.05). Arm CVC did not significantly change at 32 degrees C but significantly increased 18.1 +/- 6.5% during isometric handgrip at 39 degrees C (P less than 0.05). Arm LDF decreased 12.2 +/- 7.9% during dynamic exercise at 39 degrees C, whereas arm CVC fell by 35.3 +/- 4.6% (in each case P less than 0.05). Chest LDF and CVC showed similar responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Is Low-Intensity Isometric Handgrip Exercise an Efficient Alternative in Lifestyle Blood Pressure Management? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés F. Loaiza-Betancur ◽  
Iván Chulvi-Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise

Context: High blood pressure is one of the leading preventable causes of cardiovascular death worldwide. In this regard, several studies have shown interest in the benefits of isometric exercise on blood pressure regulation. Objective: To assess whether low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise (LI-IHE) is an effective strategy to lower blood pressure levels in prehypertensive and hypertensive patients. Data Source: This study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement and registered with PROSPERO. Potentially eligible studies were identified after a systematic search conducted on 4 international databases: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PEDro, and SPORTDiscus. Study Selection: We included randomized controlled trials that comprised patients who received LI-IHE. Study Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: Data related to patient characteristics, exercise programs, risk-of-bias assessment, and outcomes of interest were systematically reviewed independently by 2 authors. Results: The following reductions (mean differences) were observed after LI-IHE: systolic blood pressure (SBP), (MD) = −5.43 mm Hg; (95% CI, −8.47 to −2.39; P = 0.0005); diastolic blood pressure (DBP), −2.41 mm Hg (95% CI, −4.33 to −0.48; P = 0.01); mean arterial pressure (MAP), −1.28 mm Hg (95% CI, −2.99 to 0.44; P = 0.14). Conclusion: LI-IHE seems to lower SBP, DBP, and MAP values in prehypertensive and hypertensive adults. It appears that LI-IHE reduces, in greater magnitude, blood pressure levels in hypertensive patients, specifically in patients aged <45 years, those who are overweight, and those on medications. Nevertheless, substantial heterogeneity in the main results and in the analyses by subgroups generated uncertainty about the real reduction magnitude that LI-IHE can produce on blood pressure.

Physical ischaemia induced by isometric exercise facilitated collateral development in the remote ischaemic myocardium of humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 127 (10) ◽  
pp. 581-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Lin ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Yongxue Li ◽  
Jianan Li ◽  
Xiao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Ischaemic Myocardium ◽  
Collateral Development ◽  
Collateral Growth ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Exercise Induced

Isometric-handgrip-exercise-induced local ischaemia in the normal limb facilitated collateral recruitment in acutely occluded vessels in patients with coronary artery disease. Ischaemic-handgrip-exercise-induced physical ischaemic training for 3 months facilitated myocardial collateral growth.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Isometric Handgrip Exercise dan Slow Deep Breathing Exercise terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-384
Author(s):  
Juli Andri ◽  
Agung Waluyo ◽  
Wati Jumaiyah ◽  
Dhea Nastashia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Isometric Handgrip Exercise and Slow Respiratory Respiratory Exercise. Quasi Experimental Research design with research design Two Group Pretest Postest Design on 32 respondents. The results showed that there was systolic and diastolic after Handgrip Isometric Exercise intervention (t = 8,279, p = 0,000), (t = 6,154, p = 0,000), and the importance was done after Slow Deep Slow Deep Respiratory Exercise (t = 3,632 , p = 0.002), (t = 4.226, p = 0.001). Thus, it can be concluded that good or slow isometric exercise exercises in breathing exercises can reduce blood pressure. The results of the study were handgrip isometric training and slow slow breathing exercises as nursing interventions that can be carried out independently in providing nursing care for patients with hypertension. Keywords: Hypertension, Isometric Handgrip Exercise, Slow Deep Breathing Exercise,   Blood Pressure.

scholarly journals Influence of forearm muscle metaboreceptor activation on sweating and cutaneous vascular responses during dynamic exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (11) ◽  
pp. R1332-R1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuro Amano ◽  
Masashi Ichinose ◽  
Yoshimitsu Inoue ◽  
Takeshi Nishiyasu ◽  
Shunsaku Koga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Esophageal Temperature ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Isometric Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Ischemic Period ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Forearm Muscle

We examined whether the sustained activation of metaboreceptor in forearm during cycling exercise can modulate sweating and cutaneous vasodilation. On separate days, 12 young participants performed a 1.5-min isometric handgrip exercise at 40% maximal voluntary contraction followed by 1) 9-min forearm ischemia (Occlusion, to activate metaboreceptor) or 2) no ischemia (Control) in thermoneutral conditions (27°C, 50%) with mean skin temperature clamped at 34°C. Thirty seconds after the handgrip exercise, participants cycled for 13.5 min at 40% V̇o2 max. For Occlusion, forearm ischemia was maintained for 9 min followed by no ischemia thereafter. Local sweat rate (SR, ventilated capsule) and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC, laser-Doppler perfusion units/mean arterial pressure) on the contralateral nonischemic arm as well as esophageal and skin temperatures were measured continuously. The period of ischemia in the early stages of exercise increased SR (+0.03 mg·cm−2·min−1, P < 0.05) but not CVC ( P > 0.05) above Control levels. No differences were measured in the esophageal temperature at which onset of sweating (Control 37.19 ± 0.09 vs. Occlusion 37.07 ± 0.09°C) or CVC (Control 37.21 ± 0.08 vs. Occlusion 37.08 ± 0.10°C) as well as slopes for these responses (all P > 0.05). However, a greater elevation in SR occurred thereafter such that SR was significantly elevated at the end of the ischemic period relative to Control (0.37 ± 0.05 vs. 0.23 ± 0.05 mg·cm−2·min−1, respectively, P < 0.05) despite no differences in esophageal temperature. We conclude that the activation of forearm muscle metaboreceptor can modulate sweating, but not CVC, during cycling exercise without affecting the core temperature-SR relationship.

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