scholarly journals Tympanic Membrane Retractions in patients with Williams Syndrome: A Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Wierzynski Oliveira ◽  
Joel Lavinsky ◽  
Marcel Machado Valerio ◽  
Temis Maria Felix ◽  
Luiz Lavinsky
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Pars Flaccida ◽  
Pars Tensa ◽  
Elastin Gene ◽  
Otoscopic Examination ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Retraction

Abstract Introduction The role of elastin in tympanic retractions and chronic otitis media is not well established. Williams Syndrome (WS), a pathology related to a mutation in the elastin gene, could generate tympanic retractions. Objective To compare the prevalence of tympanic retractions among patients with WS and controls. Methods WS patients (n = 43 ears) and controls (n = 130 ears) were evaluated by digital otoscopic examination and the degree of tympanic membrane retraction was classified by 2 blinded experienced otolaryngologists. Results The agreement rate between the evaluators was 71.1% for pars tensa and 65% for pars flaccida retraction (p < 0.001). The pars tensa and pars flaccida retractions are present in patients with WS after an adjusted residue of respectively - 2.8 and - 2.6 (p = 0.011 and p = 0.022) compared with controls. Conclusions Tympanic membrane retractions are not more common in the WS group when compared with controls.

Grommets and cholesteatoma in children

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1000-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Herdman ◽  
J. L. W. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Cortical Mastoidectomy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epithelial Invasion ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Retraction

Cholesteatoma in children may be a sequel to chronic exudative otitis media with tympanic membrane retraction but he the role of grommets in the possible facilitation of squamous epithelial invasion into the middle ear is not yet clear. A retrospective study was made of the history and prior treatment in 25 children who underwent mastoidectomy for cholesteatoma at St. Mary's Hospital between 1975 and 1986. Thirteen patients had undergone previous middle ear aeration procedures which included myringotomy, cortical mastoidectomy and grommets. There was no difference in the site or severity of cholesteatoma in the operated and non-operated cases. Of the seven patients with a history of multiple grommets three had primarily attic, and three had primarily mesotympanic disease. The latter had greater ossicular erosion. One patient with an intact tympanic membrane had grommet insertion subsequently developed a cholesteatoma. While cholesteatoma due directly to the presence of grommets is rare, it appears that children who require multiple grommet insertions constitute a high risk group and should be very closely monitored.

scholarly journals Effect of canalplasty in tympanoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049
Author(s):  
M. D. Prakash ◽  
Priya Badkar
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hearing Improvement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Group Ii

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Objective of the study was to analyse the role of canalplasty in tympanoplasty in terms of intra operative ease, complete visualisation of tympanic membrane, graft uptake rates and hearing improvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients with chronic otitis media presenting to our institution from August 2016 to July 2017 were included in this study. Group I consisted of 50 patients who underwent tympanoplasty with canalplasty and Group II had 50 patients who underwent tympanoplasty without canalplasty. Both groups were followed up for 3 months, compared and analysed for hearing improvement and graft uptake.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Our results showed that Group I achieved 98% graft uptake rates compared to group II which achieved 92%. In Group II gain in air bone gap was 11.26 dB where as in Group I was about 13.48 dB. Group I had significant hearing improvement compared to Group II.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is advisable to combine canalplasty with tympanoplasty as it gives better visualisation of tympanic membrane facilitating the placement of graft and prevents lateralization of the graft. </p>

scholarly journals EARLY INTERVENTION OF PARS TENSA RETRACTION POCKETS IN CHILDREN BY CARTILAGE REINFORCED TYMPANOPLASTY

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (156) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toran KC ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
P K Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pars Tensa ◽  
Retraction Pockets ◽  
Grade Iii

Posterosuperior retraction pockets involving pars tensa of a tympanic membrane is not an uncommonproblem particularly in pediatric population. This occurs as a sequelae of chronic otitis media with effusion.The management options include “wait and watch,” medical treatment and surgery. But in patients inwhom retraction is severe and seems to be irreversible the treatment should be surgery at the earliest. Weperformed cartilage reinforced tympanoplasty in 29 ears of 28 children who had grade III and IVposterosuperior retraction pockets of the pars tensa. Their average pre-operative hearing loss was 16.6 and19.4dB for grade III and IV retraction pockets respectively with 10 and 12.4dB post operative gain. Norecurrences were noted except few minor complications. We suggest that such procedures are safe andshould be performed at the earliest rather than to keep under surveillance and medical treatment only.Key Words: Pars tensa retraction pockets, Tympanic membrane atelectasis, atelectatic ear, Tympanoplasty. 

Comparative Histology of the Tympanic Membrane and its Relationship to Cholesteatoma

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 761-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Chole ◽  
Kevin Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Pars Flaccida ◽  
Pars Tensa ◽  
Retraction Pockets ◽  
Comparative Histology ◽  
Tympanic Membranes

The purpose of this study was to determine whether anatomic differences in the tympanic membranes of various species could explain differences in the propensity to form aural cholesteatomas and retraction pockets. Tympanic membranes from humans, dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, gerbils, and mice were examined histologically. The pars flaccida and pars tensa varied greatly among the species studied. The guinea pig's pars flaccida was very small and had a thin lamina propria. In contrast, the lamina propria of the rabbit and cat pars flaccida were thick. The amount of collagen, elastin, mast cells, and macrophages varied widely. The human and gerbilline tympanic membranes were anatomically dissimilar; for example, the human pars flaccida and pars tensa contained more and denser collagen than did those of the gerbil. The presence of macrophages or mast cells did not correlate with the propensity to develop cholesteatomas. Therefore, anatomic differences among these species do not explain why some develop aural cholesteatomas and others do not.

Treatment of Tympanic Membrane Retraction with the Holmium Laser

1995 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Kurokawa ◽  
Richard L. Goode
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Laser Doppler Vibrometer ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Holmium Laser ◽  
Pars Flaccida ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Retraction

Politzerization, the Valsalva maneuver, and ventilation tube insertion are available treatments for tympanic membrane retraction. Ventilation of the middle ear cavity can correct tympanic membrane retraction in many cases, but not in all. Retraction may be localized or diffuse. This article describes experiments performed to evaluate a new method to “tighten” retracted or flaccid tympanic membranes with a holmium laser in a human temporal bone model. Ten temporal bones with mild-to-moderate retraction of the posterior superior quadrant or pars flaccida were treated with a series of laser pulses around and to the area of retraction. Umbo displacement before and after laser treatment was performed with a laser Doppler vibrometer to evaluate the effect on the acoustic function of the tympanic membrane. In all ears, the posterior superior quadrant retraction appeared to be completely corrected. Laser treatment of the posterior superior quadrant retraction produced improvement in umbo displacement below 1.0 kHz. After treatment of pars flaccida retraction, the configuration was improved a small amount; however, no increase in umbo displacement was found.

scholarly journals Role of nasal decongestants in spontaneous healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Shiwani Rai ◽  
K. Koirala ◽  
V. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Spontaneous Healing ◽  
Nasal Decongestants ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To study the role of nasal decongestants in spontaneous healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation.Material and Methods: A prospective single blinded, randomized controlled study was carried out in the department of ENT, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Patients with traumatic tympanic membrane perforation were divided into two groups; those receiving nasal decongestants along with conservative measures (Group1) and those receiving conservative measures only (Group2). Healing of tympanic membrane was compared in between these groups at 1 and 3 months. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.Results: There were 30 patients in group 1 and 28 patients in group 2. The mean age of the study population was 26.98 (SD= 7.53). The M: F ratio in group 1 was 0.58:1 and that in group 2 was 0.56:1. Complete healing was seen in 25 (83%) patients in group 1 and 16 (57.1%) patients in group 2 at the end of 1 month (P=0.029). Similarly, healing was seen in in 29 (96.7%) patients in group 1 and 21 (75%) patients in group 2 at the end of 3 months (P=0.023).Conclusion: Routine use of nasal decongestants increases the chances of spontaneous healing of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.  

Correlation between retractions of the pars flaccida and the pars tensa

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Luntz ◽  
Camil Fuchs ◽  
Jacob Sadé
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Pars Flaccida ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pars Tensa ◽  
Empirical Probability ◽  
The Way

AbstractRetractions of the pars flaccida (PF) and the pars tensa (PT) were assessed in 250 atelectatic ears in an attempt to find out the way in which the differences in mechanical properties of the two parts of the tympanic membrane are reflected clinically. Retraction of PF was found in 217 ears (86.8 per cent) and retraction of PF in 150 (60 per cent). The concomitant presence of both types of retraction was observed in 117 ears (46.8 per cent) while 133 (53.2 per cent) had only one type, 100 of them (75.1 per cent) PF retraction and 33 (24.9 per cent) PT retraction. When only one type of retraction was present, the empirical probability of having a PF retraction was 75.1 per cent, while the probability of having a PT retraction was only 24.9 per cent. Clinically, the more frequent occurrence of PF retraction in the absence of PT retraction than vice versa reflects the greater collapsibility of the PF. When both types of retractions were present, we found a positive correlation between their severity.

scholarly journals Critical analysis of moderate and severe retractions in the pars tensa and pars flaccida of the tympanic membrane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inesângela Canali ◽  
Letícia Petersen Schmidt Rosito ◽  
Vittoria Dreher Longo ◽  
Sady Selaimen da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Pars Flaccida ◽  
Pars Tensa
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