Evaluation of Efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy and Its Effect on Crevicular Superoxide Dismutase in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract Objectives To assess the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy and its effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and Methods A total of 16 patients aged between 30 and 50 years having mild to moderate CP of both sexes having pocket depth of 5 to 7 mm in four nonadjacent interproximal sites were selected. The sites were randomized and divided into treatment and control groups. CoQ10 and a placebo gel were administered in the treatment and control sites, respectively, at baseline after scaling and root planing (SRP). GCF was collected using microcapillary method at baseline and 3 months and was assessed for SOD using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader at 450 nm wavelength. Probing pocket depth, gingival index, and plaque index were assessed at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, respectively. Statistical analysis For each assessment point, data were statistically analyzed using Student’s t-test and paired t-test. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results On intergroup comparison, there was no statistically significant difference between the clinical parameters of both the groups at all the time intervals (p > 0.05), but there was a significant increase in the level of SOD in the test group (p > 0.05) compared with the control group at 3 months. Conclusions Adjunctive use of CoQ10 with SRP can boost the antioxidant concentration, but it is not superior to SRP in the treatment of CP.

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Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid and Serum Glutathione Peroxidase Levels

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2012/632842 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Swati Pradeep Patel ◽

Nishanth S. Rao ◽

A. R. Pradeep

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Background: Plasma glutathione peroxidase (eGPx) is an important selenium containing antioxidant in human defense against oxidative stress. While crevicular fluid (GCF) eGPx levels and its association with periodontal disease is well documented, there is no data on correlation of GCF and serum eGPx levels in chronic periodontitis. Hence this study was undertaken to further probe into the role of oxidative stress in periodontal diseases and effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) by correlating GCF and serum levels of eGPx.Materials and methods: Thirty subjects (16-Males and 14-Females; age: 30–38 years) participated in the study. The subjects were divided, based on gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level into: Healthy (group-1,n=10), Gingivitis (group-2,n=10) and Periodontitis (group-3,n=10). Chronic periodontitis patients after NSPT constituted group 4. GCF and serum samples collected from each subject were quantified for eGPx levels using Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay.Results: The mean eGPx concentrations increased from health (14.01 ng/μl and 78.26 ng/ml) to gingivitis (22.86 ng/μl and 90.44 ng/ml) and then to periodontitis (29.89 ng/μl and 103.43 ng/ml), in GCF and serum respectively. After NSPT, there was statistically significant reduction in eGPx concentration in GCF and serum (19.41 ng/μl and 85.21 ng/ml). Further, all the GCF eGPx values showed a positive correlation to that of serum eGPx level.Conclusion: Thus, increased eGPx concentration in GCF can be considered as an indicator of local increase in oxidative stress. While, increase in serum eGPx levels indicates that periodontal disease can also lead to increased oxidative stress at the systemic level.

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Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2012/362905 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Paschalina Goutoudi ◽

Evdoxia Diza ◽

Malamatenia Arvanitidou

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 6 ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Interleukin 8 ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyse the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis prior to and following surgical and/or nonsurgical periodontal therapy for a period of 32 weeks.Methods. GCF samples were obtained from 24 nondiseased and 72 diseased sites of 12 periodontal patients prior to as well as at 6, 16, and 32 weeks following non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. IL-6 and IL-8 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results. Periodontal treatment improved all clinical parameters. Both treatment modalities resulted in similar IL-6 as well as IL-8 levels. Mean IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in non-diseased compared to diseased sites and increased significantly following treatment in diseased sites. Mean total amounts of IL-6 and IL-8 (TAIL-6, TAIL-8) did not differ significantly between diseased and nondiseased sites, while following therapy TAIL-8 levels decreased significantly.Conclusions. The data suggest that periodontal therapy reduced the levels of IL-8 in GCF. However, a strong relationship between IL-6, IL-8 amounts in GCF and periodontal destruction and inflammation was not found.

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Dental Investigations: Efficiency of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Moderate Chronic Periodontitis

Folia Medica ◽

10.2478/folmed-2014-0016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 109-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Antoaneta M. Mlachkova ◽

Christina L. Popova

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Attachment Loss ◽

Dental Biofilm ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Root Planning ◽

Scaling And Root Planning

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chronic periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of teeth caused by microorganisms in the dental biofilm, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation and gingival recession. Treatment of chronic periodontitis aims at arresting the inflammation and stopping the loss of attachment by removal and control of the supra- and subgingival biofilm and establishing a local environment and microflora compatible with periodontal health. The AIM of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-surgical therapy (scaling and root planning) in the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 30 patients aged between 33 and 75 years, of which 46.7% women and 53.3% men, diagnosed with moderate and, at some sites, severe periodontitis. They were treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy methods (scaling and root planning and curettage if indicated). Additionally, chemical plaque control with rinse water containing chlorhexidine was applied. The diagnostic and reassessment procedures included measuring the periodontal indices of 601 periodontal units before and after the therapy. The indices measured were the papillary bleeding index (PBI), the hygiene index (HI), the probing pocket depth (PPD) and the clinical attachment level (CAL). RESULTS: Significant reduction of plaque and gingival inflammation was found in all treated patients; we also found a statistically significant reduction of periodontal pockets with clinically measured depth ⋋ 5 mm (PD ⋋ 5 mm). Pockets with PD > 5 mm did not show statistically significant lower incidence rates probably due to the initially small percentage of deep pockets in the patients studied. There was a statistically significant reduction of all sites with attachment loss, the highest significance found at sites where the attachment loss was greater than 5 mm. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that nonsurgical periodontal therapy is effective in managing the moderate chronic periodontitis. Given a good patient compliance, the antimicrobial periodontal therapy can be quite efficient in arresting the inflammatory process and reducing the depth of periodontal pockets; it can also achieve a stable attachment loss level and obviate the need to use a surgical periodontal treatment modality.

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Efficacy of silver nanoparticles in chronic periodontitis patients: a clinico-microbiological study

Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine ◽

10.53986/ibjm.2020.0026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 142-147

Author(s):

Pooja Kadam ◽

◽

Swapna Mahale ◽

Prasad Sonar ◽

Dipali Chaudhari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Local Drug Delivery ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

High Antibacterial Activity ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: Recent advances in nanotechnology have introduced new therapeutic materials for periodontal therapy. Previous studies showed that nanoparticles of silver provide high antibacterial activity. Taking this in consideration, it can be used in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The present study focuses on efficacy of subgingival local drug delivery of silver nanoparticles in comparison with tetracycline in chronic periodontitis. Methods: To understand the effect of silver nanoparticles and tetracycline gel in chronic periodontitis, patients which were divided in different: Group A: Scaling and root planning (SRP) with sub-gingival delivery of silver nanoparticles gel, Group B: SRP with sub-gingival delivery of tetracycline gel and Group C: SRP alone. The other data recorded was Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) at baseline (just before placement of gel), 1 month and 3 months of application of gel. Microbiological evaluation (Colony Forming Units, CFU) were recorded at baseline and after 3 months. Results: The results showed that the use of silver nanoparticles delivery after SRP was as efficacious as tetracycline subgingival delivery to treat chronic periodontitis patients. All the clinical as well as microbiological parameters showed statistically significant difference from baseline to 3 months in all the groups. Conclusions: As compared to other therapeutic modalities employed against infection, silver nanoparticles gel is non-toxic at given concentration, has no side effects and does not require complicated application method or any complex armamentarium. It is well tolerated and well accepted by the patients. Silver nanoparticles gel with SRP gives promising results and it can definitely aid in periodontal diseases.

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Serum and Salivary Sialic Acid and Nitric Oxide Levels Estimation and Comparison after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in Generalised Chronic Periodontitis Patients

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/45760.14435 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sujeetha Muthukumar ◽

Vijayalakshmi Rajaram ◽

Jaideep Mahendra ◽

P Abirami Nayaki Rao ◽

C Burnice Nalinakumari

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Sialic Acid ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Test Group ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Serum Sialic Acid ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy

Introduction: An exigency for a biomarker arises to expeditiously detect the periodontal disease evolution and to advocate more robust therapy efficacy measurements. Nitric oxide and sialic acid have been proved to be potential inflammatory markers. Hence, the evaluation of the involvement of nitric oxide and sialic acid in periodontal disease will enable us to assimilate the aspect of the complex process of periodontal disease progression. Aim: To estimate and compare the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on serum and salivary sialic acid and nitric oxide levels in generalised chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: This study was a case-control as well as an interventional study. The subjects for this study were recruited from the Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai from April 2017 to October 2018. Hundred patients were selected for this study. Control group consisted of 50 periodontally healthy subjects and test group consisted of 50 generalised chronic periodontitis subjects. After blood and saliva sample collection for determination of salivary and serum sialic acid and nitric oxide levels, evaluation of periodontal parameters like plaque index, probing pocket depth and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) was done. Then the test group subjects underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy and on 90th day post SRP parameters were re-evaluated. The collected data were analysed with IBM SPSS Statistics software, Version 23.0. In the above statistical tool the probability value 0.05 was considered as significant level. Results: The mean difference of plaque index, probing pocket depth, CAL, serum sialic acid, salivary sialic acid, serum Nitric Oxide (NO) and salivary nitric oxide: between the control and test group at baseline was -2.05, -5.01 mm, -5.56 mm, -12.515 mg/dL, -11.97 mg/dL, -129.762 μMol/L and -78.978 μMol/L respectively; for the test group at baseline and 90 days after nonsurgical periodontal therapy was 1.332, 3.15 mm, 3.285 mm, 14.206 mg/dL, 12.76 mg/dL, 130.082 μMol/L, 82.004 μMol/L, respectively. All the values were statistically significant with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: Nonsurgical periodontal therapy led to a decrease in the serum and salivary sialic acid and nitric oxide levels in subjects with generalised chronic periodontitis. A decrease in biochemical parameters was associated with a reduction in probing pocket depth and gain in attachment level.

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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 in the Management of Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical Study

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1736267 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gaurav Pandav ◽

Sakshi Pandav ◽

Sanjeev Jain ◽

Divya Saxena ◽

Ridhi Aggarwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coenzyme Q10 ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Group Iii ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Group I ◽

Intergroup Comparison ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group Ii

Abstract Aim The present study was aimed to clinically evaluate the effectiveness of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the management of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods A total of 60 patients aged between 30 and 60 years with bleeding on probing and probing pocket depth (PPD) of 3 to 5 mm were selected and divided into three groups, with group I receiving scaling and root planing, group II CoQ10 formulation for 6 weeks, and group III receiving both scaling and root planning, followed by coenzyme Q10 administration for 6 weeks. PPD, relative attachment level (RAL), and gingival index were recorded in all the groups at baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months, respectively. The data was statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Result Intragroup comparison showed statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the clinical parameters of all the groups at all time intervals, whereas intergroup comparison of all the parameters showed high statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.001) in group III at various time intervals followed by group I and group II. Conclusion It was concluded from the study that CoQ10 is a useful adjunct in treating chronic periodontitis by boosting the host resistance to periodontal disease.

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Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the level of salivary antioxidants in patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis

Journal of Advanced Periodontology & Implant Dentistry ◽

10.15171/japid.2019.004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Ferena Sayar ◽

Roya Shariatmadar Ahmadi ◽

Mostafa Montazeri

Keyword(s):

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Reducing Ability ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Oxidative Agents

Background. In the course of periodontal diseases, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) produce oxidative agents and free radicals, thus triggering oxidant-antioxidant disequilibrium in the saliva. Due to the reduction of antioxidant protective effect, oxidative stress is induced, destroying periodontal tissues. This study aimed to investigate the consequences of the non-surgical phase of periodontal therapy on the level ofsalivary antioxidantsin patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis. Methods. Un-stimulated salivary samples were collected from 43 patients with generalized moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis for 5 minutes. Clinical parameters, including clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BoP) and pocket depth (PD), were recorded in each tooth and subsequently, scaling and root planing (SRP) was carried out. After four weeks, salivary samples were collected once again, and the above-mentioned clinical parameters were recorded. Following centrifugation and freezing at a temperature of -80°C, salivary samples were examined simultaneously in a single day, and the level of their antioxidants was measured with ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method using a spectrophotometer. Results. The concentration of salivary antioxidants significantly increased four weeks following the non-surgical periodontal therapy (P<0.0001). Moreover, the clinical parameters of CAL, BoP and PD showed a significant decrease in 4 weeks as well (P<0.0001). Conclusion. The level of salivary antioxidants in patients with generalized moderate to severe chronic periodontitis significantly increased after etiotropic periodontal therapy, indicating the possible beneficial influence of periodontal therapy on the level of salivary antioxidants in patients suffering from periodontitis.

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