Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Presentation of Inflicted Injuries in Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lee ◽  
Adam Bajinting ◽  
Abby Lunneen ◽  
Colleen M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Gustavo A. Villalona
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Nonaccidental Trauma ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
History Of

AbstractReports of incidental pneumomediastinum in infants secondary to inflicted trauma are limited. A retrospective review of infants with pneumomediastinum and history of inflicted trauma was performed. A comprehensive literature review was performed. Three infants presented with pneumomediastinum associated with inflicted trauma. Mean age was 4.6 weeks. All patients underwent diagnostic studies, as well as a standardized evaluation for nonaccidental trauma. All patients with pneumomediastinum were resolved at follow-up. Review of the literature identified other cases with similar presentations with related oropharyngeal injuries. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in previously healthy infants may be associated with inflicted injuries. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of an oropharyngeal perforation related to this presentation.

scholarly journals Overt Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Pseudotumor: A Rare Presentation of Cytomegalovirus Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Agrawal ◽  
Deepanshu Jain ◽  
Sameer Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous organism which can infect multiple organs of the body. In an immunocompromised patient, it can have a myriad of gastrointestinal manifestations. We report a case of recurrent hematochezia and concomitant pseudotumor in an AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) patient attributable to CMV infection. A 62-year-old man with a history of AIDS, noncompliant with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), presented with bright red blood per rectum. Index colonoscopy showed presence of multiple ulcers, colonic stenosis, and mass-like appearing lesion. Biopsy confirmed CMV infection and ruled out malignancy. Cessation of dual antiplatelet therapy and compliance with HAART lead to clinical cessation of bleeding and endoscopic healing of ulcers with complete resolution of colon mass on follow-up colonoscopy.

scholarly journals Ulnar-sided wrist pain due to radial bifurcation of the extensor digiti minimi tendon: A case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 230949902092231
Author(s):  
Ryo Sasaki ◽  
Koichi Yano ◽  
Yasunori Kaneshiro ◽  
Seungho Hyun ◽  
Hideki Sakanaka
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Wrist Pain ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Stenosing Tenosynovitis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Background History

Stenosing tenosynovitis of the extensor digiti minimi (EDM) without trauma is very rare. We report a 21-year-old woman who presented with dorsoulnar wrist pain during palmar wrist flexion and soft tissue mass at the site of pain. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a round mass radial to the EDM tendon. Conservative treatment for 3 months failed to improve the patient’s pain levels. Intraoperative findings revealed smaller radial slip of the EDM tendon, and bifurcation of these was under the distal portion of the extensor retinaculum (ER). Surgical release of the ER, resection of the smaller slip of the EDM tendon, and tenosynovectomy were performed. Histological examination showed tenosynovitis. At the final follow-up 1 year postoperatively, she was asymptomatic. A literature review suggested that stenosing tenosynovitis of the EDM tendon might be caused by frequent use of the hand with a background history of bifurcation of the EDM tendon.

Ischemic Colitis and Stricture After Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
Hadi Sawaf ◽  
Marcia J. Sharp ◽  
Kum J. Youn ◽  
Patrick A. Jewell ◽  
Ali Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

The hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) was first described by Von Gasser et al.1 in 1955 as a syndrome of acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia in children. Follow-up studies on HUS have emphasized hypertension and uremia as late complications.2,3 A review of the literature has revealed no previously reported cases of persistent colitis and bowel stenosis after HUS. We present a child who continued to have intermittent intestinal obstruction and diarrhea until surgical removal of a segment of colon almost seven months after the onset of HUS. CASE REPORT A 26-month-old white boy who had no history of gastrointestinal disturbance had sudden onset of diarrhea with blood and mucus in the stool.

scholarly journals P.014 The natural history of third ventricle colloid cysts includes asymptomatic regression: a report of two cases and review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (S2) ◽  
pp. S17-S17
Author(s):  
R Bokhari ◽  
J Chankowsky ◽  
J Marcoux
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Symptomatic Patient ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Indication For Surgery ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Signal Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colloid Cysts

Background: Colloid cysts of the third ventricle are a rare entity with an unclear natural history. Although intervening in the setting of a symptomatic patient is fairly straightforward, decision-making for asymptomatic patients is not. Few studies address this question and proposed risk factors for cyst progression vary.A cyst diameter exceeding 1 cm is a common indication for surgery. This is rooted in the belief that the natural history is continued growth. A few cases have recently surfaced that suggests some cysts may spontaneously regress without complication. We describe our experience with two such cases and contrast it with those of others. Methods: We collected all cases of “colloid cysts” identified as incidental findings on Brain CT scans in a large urban center with available follow-up. We then conducted a comprehensive review of the literature. Results: Among all incidental cases from our database, none required surgery and two were found to decrease in size on neuroimaging surveillance with interesting evolution in MRI signal characteristics. These cysts remain asymptomatic at last follow up. Conclusions: The natural history of colloid cysts includes spontaneous regression. This should be mentioned in counseling asymptomatic patients.

scholarly journals Unusual coexistence of first and second branchial fistulas: clinical case and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052094430
Author(s):  
Danqing Liu ◽  
Guangqi Li ◽  
Jun Qiu ◽  
Jianyan Wang ◽  
Genwang Pei
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
False Positive Diagnosis ◽  
Fistula Recurrence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Missed Diagnosis ◽  
The Right

Branchial fistulas are uncommon in the clinical setting. The coexistence of first and second branchial fistulas has not been previously reported. We herein describe a 12-year-old girl who presented with a 2-year history of repeated swelling and purulence behind the right earlobe and neck. According to the patient’s physical and auxiliary examination findings, she was diagnosed with coexisting first and second branchial fistulas, both of which were completely removed by surgery. No clinical signs of fistula recurrence were present at the patient’s 20-month postoperative follow-up. Ipsilateral coexisting first and second branchial fistulas are very rare; thus, a false-positive diagnosis can easily occur if the doctor does not carefully perform specialized physical examinations. Surgery is an effective method for treating this condition. Adequate preoperative imaging preparation is imperative to ensure the most effective course of treatment. The purpose of this article is to improve clinicians’ awareness of this disease, thereby effectively reducing the rates of missed diagnosis and recurrence.

scholarly journals Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehzad Ghaffar ◽  
Iftikhar Salahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Olfactory Neuroblastoma ◽  
Lateral Rhinotomy ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Postoperative Radiation ◽  
History Of

Malignant tumors of the nasal cavity are rare. We report the case of an elderly woman who consulted us with a 4-year history of progressive nasal obstruction, occasional epistaxis, facial pain, and watering of the eyes. A diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma was established by histopathology and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. On staging, the mass was classified as a Kadish stage B tumor. The mass was excised via a lateral rhinotomy approach, and the tumor was peeled away completely from the cribriform plate with endoscopes. The patient underwent postoperative radiation, and she was free of recurrence at follow-up 15 months later.

scholarly journals Long-term outcomes of acromegaly treated with fractionated stereotactic radiation: case series and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Ryan Rhome ◽  
Isabelle M Germano ◽  
Ren-Dih Sheu ◽  
Sheryl Green
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Pituitary Neoplasms ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Biochemical Control ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstract Background Growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas represent an uncommon subset of pituitary neoplasms. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) have been used as primary or adjuvant treatment. The purpose of this study is to report the long-term tumor control and toxicity from our institution and to perform a systematic literature review of acromegaly patients treated with FSRT. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients treated with FSRT (median dose 50.4 Gray [Gy], range 50.4–54 Gy) between 2005 and 2012 who had: 1) GH-secreting adenoma with persistently elevated insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) despite medical therapy and 2) clinical follow up >3 years after FSRT. Patients were treated with modern FSRT planning techniques. Biochemical control was defined as IGF-1 normalization. Systematic review of the literature was performed for FSRT in acromegaly. Results With a median follow-up of 80 months, radiographic control was achieved in all 11 patients and overall survival was 100%. Long-term biochemical control was achieved in 10 patients (90.9%) with either FSRT alone (36.4%) or FSRT with continued medical management (45.5%). No patient experienced new hypopituitarism, cranial nerve dysfunctions, or visual deficits. Our systematic review found published rates of biochemical control and hypopituitarism vary, with uniformly good radiographic control and low incidence of visual changes. Conclusions Adjuvant FSRT offered effective long-term biochemical control and radiographic control, and there was a lower rate of complications in this current series. Review of the literature shows variations in published rates of biochemical control after FSRT for acromegaly, but low incidence of serious toxicities.

scholarly journals Prostatic abscess: Case report and review of the literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestis Porfyris ◽  
Paraskevas Kalomoiris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Prostatic Abscess ◽  
History Of

We report a case of prostatic abscess in a 52 year old male with a history of diabetes mellitus. The abscess was treated successfully with surgical drainage by transurethral unroofing of the cavity of the abscess. The use of transrectal ultrasound is valuable in the diagnosis, treatment and follow up of the abscess, while drainage is usually necessary for the treatment, which can be done by transrectal, transperineal and transurethral route.

An Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm found incidentally at 12 months post Myocardial Infarction: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brooks ◽  
Heather Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Mechanical Complication ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Disciplinary Team

Highlights: Left ventricular pseudoaneurysms are a rare mechanical complication of myocardial infarction. If found acutely following infarction (within 2 weeks, with some advocating up to 3 months), surgical repair is recommended due to their high risk of rupture.Whilst associated with chest pain, dyspnoea and heart failure, some individuals are asymptomatic, with the diagnosis made incidentally on routine follow-up often months to years post infarction. Less is known about the natural history of these chronic pseudoaneurysms, with concerns around their propensity to rupture perhaps less than the mortality risk of surgical repair.We present the case of a 70 year-old asymptomatic man who was found to have a 1.6cm left ventricular pseudoaneurysm found incidentally on routine transthoracic echocardiogram. at 12-months post posterior myocardial infarctionThe consensus opinion of our institution's multi-disciplinary team regarding further management of this patient, with reference to the current limited data on chronic pseudoaneurysms, will be discussed.

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