Maternal Marijuana Exposure, Feto-Placental Weight Ratio, and Placental Histology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torri D. Metz ◽  
Amanda A. Allshouse ◽  
Halit Pinar ◽  
Michael Varner ◽  
Marcela C. Smid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Live Births

Objective Marijuana use is associated with placenta-mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal growth restriction, but the mechanism remains uncertain. The objective was to evaluate the association between maternal marijuana use and the feto-placental weight ratio (FPR). Secondarily, we aimed to compare placental histology of women who used marijuana to those who did not. Study Design This was a secondary analysis of singleton pregnancies enrolled in a multicenter and case–control stillbirth study. Prior marijuana use was detected by electronic medical record abstraction or cord homogenate positive for 11-nor-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid. Prior tobacco use was detected by self-report or presence of maternal serum cotinine. Stillbirths and live births were considered separately. The primary outcome was FPR. Association of marijuana use with FPR was estimated with multivariable linear modeling adjusted for fetal sex, preterm birth, and tobacco use. Comparisons between groups for placental histology were made using Chi-square and stratified by live birth and stillbirth, term and preterm deliveries, and fetal sex. Results Of 1,027 participants, 224 were stillbirths and 803 were live births. Overall, 41 (4%) women used marijuana during the pregnancy. The FPR ratio was lower among exposed offspring but reached statistical significance only for term stillbirths (mean 6.84 with marijuana use vs. mean 7.8 without use, p < 0.001). In multivariable modeling, marijuana use was not significantly associated with FPR (p = 0.09). There were no differences in histologic placental features among those with and without marijuana use overall or in stratified analyses. Conclusion Exposure to marijuana may not be associated with FPR. Similarly, there were no placental histologic features associated with marijuana exposure. Further study of the influence of maternal marijuana use on placental development and function is warranted to better understand the association between prenatal marijuana use and poor fetal growth. Key Points

Marijuana/tobacco use and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in adult survivors of childhood cancer.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 175-175
Author(s):  
I-Chan Huang ◽  
James L. Klosky ◽  
Nickhill Bhakta ◽  
Melissa M. Hudson ◽  
Leslie L. Robison
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽  
Current Tobacco

175 Background: In 2017, the National Academy of Medicine reported adverse physical and psychosocial outcomes associated with marijuana use, and an increased risk of marijuana use among those who use tobacco. However, the association of marijuana and/or tobacco use with PROs has not been well-studied in survivors of childhood cancer. Methods: A random sample (stratified on self-reported smoking status) of 287 adult survivors of childhood cancer was selected from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were abstracted from medical records. Marijuana use was self-reported and classified as past/current vs. never use. Current tobacco use was determined using serum cotinine concentrations by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. PROs were evaluated by physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores from the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations of marijuana and tobacco use with PROs after adjusting for covariates, and the results were stratified by treatment modality. Results: Survivors’ mean age at study participation was 33.6 years (SD = 9.1), mean years from diagnosis was 24.2 (SD = 6.2). 61.3% used marijuana and 39.4% were current tobacco users. 79.3% of the tobacco users had marijuana use. Marijuana and tobacco were independently associated with lower PCS (βs = -3.1 and -2.9, respectively, p’s < 0.05) and MCS (βs = -3.3 and -3.2, respectively, p’s < 0.01). Among survivors who received chemotherapy, marijuana and tobacco were associated with lower PCS (β = -4.3, p < 0.01; β = -2.8, p < 0.05, respectively) and MCS (βs = -4.8 and -3.1, respectively, p’s < 0.05). In survivors who received radiotherapy, marijuana, but not tobacco, use was associated with lower PCS (β = -3.6, p < 0.05) and MCS (β = -4.6, p < 0.05). Among those who received neither chemotherapy nor radiotherapy, each substance was independently associated, but not significantly, with lower PCS and MCS. Conclusions: Among adult survivors of childhood cancer, marijuana users likely co-used tobacco, and both substances were independently associated with lower PROs. When associations with treatment exposures were assessed, different profiles of PRO scores were identified.

scholarly journals Sex of the Fetus can be Associated with Placental Pathologies in Premature Deliveries

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Wasan Munim ◽  
◽  
Niran Kamel ◽  
Alaa Raheem Kareem ◽  
Mustafa Rasool Hussein Aal-Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Inflammatory Lesion ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
And Gender

Background: There are many pregnancy complications that are significantly associated with the gender of the fetus; one of them is preterm labour, which is an important obstetric problem that may lead to many perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To find out whether there is a relation between the findings of placental pathology of premature deliveries and gender difference. Patients and Methods: Fifty deliveries before a 32 week gestational age. Obstetrical, and placental histological findings have been compared among all males (n=25), and females (n=25) premature neonates. Results: The male premature fetus had distribution rate in maternal age, gestation age at the time of delivery, placental weight, and feto-placental weight-ratio in females, but a higher birth-weight centile ([55.09±11.3] versus [43.09±8.2]). Histopathology of the placenta found no significant association of fetal-sex with acute inflammatory lesions (p=0.09), intra-placental vascular pathological findings, or utero-placental vascular pathology. However, the chronic inflammatory lesion showed a higher pathological score in male fetuses than in the females (p=0.01). Conclusion: Premature deliveries with less than thirty-two weeks, the male fetal-sex had higher placental pathological lesions, suggesting maternal immunological responses towards the invading trophoblasts. The immunological background of these pathological lesions needs further studies. Keywords: Male fetal sex, placental pathology, premature delivery

scholarly journals Maternal Factors Associated with Fetal Growth and Birthweight Are Independent Determinants of Placental Weight and Exhibit Differential Effects by Fetal Sex

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e87303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Cecilie Paasche Roland ◽  
Camilla M. Friis ◽  
Kristin Godang ◽  
Jens Bollerslev ◽  
Guttorm Haugen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Impact of placental weight and fetal/placental weight ratio Z score on fetal growth and the perinatal outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio Matsuda ◽  
Toshiya Itoh ◽  
Hiroaki Itoh ◽  
Masaki Ogawa ◽  
Kemal Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Z Score

scholarly journals Population-Based Placental Weight Ratio Distributions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Macdonald ◽  
John J. Koval ◽  
Renato Natale ◽  
Timothy Regnault ◽  
M. Karen Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Health Indicator ◽  
The Past ◽  
Population Standards

The placental weight ratio (PWR) is a health indicator that reflects the balance between fetal and placental growth. The PWR is defined as the placental weight divided by the birth weight, and it changes across gestation. Its ranges are not well established. We aimed to establish PWR distributions by gestational age and to investigate whether the PWR distributions vary by fetal growth adequacy, small, average, and large for gestational age (SGA, AGA, and LGA). The data came from a hospital based retrospective cohort, using all births at two London, Ontario hospitals in the past 10 years. All women who delivered a live singleton infant between 22 and 42 weeks of gestation were included(n=41441). Nonparametric quantile regression was used to fit the curves. The results demonstrate decreasing PWR and dispersion, with increasing gestational age. A higher proportion of SGA infants have extreme PWRs than AGA and LGA, especially at lower gestational ages. On average, SGA infants had higher PWRs than AGA and LGA infants. The overall curves offer population standards for use in research studies. The curves stratified by fetal growth adequacy are the first of their kind, and they demonstrate that PWR differs for SGA and LGA infants.Corrigendum to “Population-Based Placental Weight Ratio Distributions”

scholarly journals Polytobacco use among a nationally-representative sample of black high school students

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamika D. Gilreath ◽  
Derek T. Dangerfield ◽  
Francisco A. Montiel Ishino ◽  
Ashley V. Hill ◽  
Renee M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Black Adolescents ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Abstract Background Studies of the patterns of polytobacco use have increased. However, understanding the patterns of using multiple tobacco products among Black adolescents is minimal. This study identified the patterns of polytobacco use among U.S. Black adolescents. Methods Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of adolescent polytobacco use among a representative sample of Black youth from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 2782). Ever and recent (past 30 day) use of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, cigars, and dip or chewing tobacco were used as latent class indicators. Multinomial regression was conducted to identify the association if smoking adjusting for sex, age, grade, and marijuana use. Results Most students were in the 9th grade (29%), e-cigarette users (21%) and were current marijuana users (25%). Three profiles of tobacco use were identified: Class 1: Non-smokers (81%), Class 2: E-cigarette Users (14%), and Class 3: Polytobacco Users (5%). Black adolescent Polytobacco users were the smallest class, but had the highest conditional probabilities of recent cigarette use, e-cigarette use, ever smoking cigars or chewing tobacco. Ever and current use of marijuana were associated with increased odds of being in the e-cigarette user versus non-smoker group, and current marijuana use was associated with increased odds of polytobacco use (aOR = 24.61, CI = 6.95–87.11). Conclusions Findings suggests the need for targeted interventions for reducing tobacco use and examining the unique effects of polytobacco use on Black adolescents. Findings confirm a significant association of marijuana use with tobacco use.

scholarly journals Polytobacco Use Among a Nationally-Representative Sample of Black Adolescents 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamika D. Gilreath ◽  
Derek T. Dangerfield ◽  
Francisco A. Montiel Ishino ◽  
Ashley V. Hill ◽  
Renee M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Black Adolescents ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Abstract Introduction. Studies of the patterns of polytobacco use have increased. However, understanding the patterns of using multiple tobacco products among Black adolescents is minimal. This study identified the patterns of polytobacco use among U.S. Black adolescents. Methods. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of adolescent polytobacco use among a representative sample of Black youth from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n=2,782). Ever and recent (past 30 day) use of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, cigars, and dip or chewing tobacco were used as latent class indicators. Multinomial regression was conducted to identify the association if smoking adjusting for sex, age, grade, and marijuana use.Results. Most students were in the 9th grade (29%), e-cigarette users (21%) and were current marijuana users (25%). Three profiles of tobacco use were identified: Class 1: Non-smokers (81%), Class 2: E-cigarette Users (14%), and Class 3: Polytobacco Users (5%). Black adolescent Polytobacco users were the smallest class, but had the highest conditional probabilities of recent cigarette use, e-cigarette use, ever smoking cigars or chewing tobacco. Ever and current use of marijuana were associated with increased odds of being in the e-cigarette user versus non-smoker group, and current marijuana use was associated with increased odds of polytobacco use (aOR=24.61, CI=6.95-87.11). Conclusions. Findings suggests the need for targeted interventions for reducing tobacco use and examining the unique effects of polytobacco use on Black adolescents. Findings confirm a significant association of marijuana use with tobacco use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document