Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Laserasi Perineum di Kabupaten Tegal

ABSTRAK Kematian ibu di Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2019 mengalami penurunan dibandingkan tahun 2018, dengan AKI tahun 2019 sebesar 76,93/100.000 kelahiran hidup sebanyak 416 kasus. Laserasi perineum merupakan salah satu penyebab perdarahan postpartum. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Puskesmas Margasari terdapat sebanyak 232 (30%) dari total persalinan 775 kasus laserasi perineum selama tahun 2019. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian laserasi perineum di Puskesmas Margasari. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yaitu deskriptif analitik dengan desain penelitian retrospektif untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian laserasi perineum di Puskesmas Margasari. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan data pesalinan tahun 2020 jumlah sampel 350 orang (30%) dari total populasi. Dengan mengunakan Uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara usia ibu hamil (p=0,000), paritas ibu (p=0,000), berat badan bayi (p=0,000) dengan kejadian laserasi perineum. Kata kunci: laserasi; perineum; persalinan ABSTRACT Maternal mortality in Central Java Province in 2019 decreased compared to 2018, it was 76.93/100,000 live births with 416 cases in 2019. Perineum Laceration is one of the causes of postpartum hemorrhage. Based on data obtained from the Margasari District Health Center, there were 232 (30%) of the total 775 cases of perineum laceration delivered in 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence of Perineum Laceration at the Margasari Health Center. This type of research was a quantitative research that is descriptive analytic with a retrospective research design to see the factors that influence the incidence of Perineum Laceration at Margasari Health Center. This study was conducted using labor data in 2020 with a sample of 350 people (30%) of the total population by using logistic regression test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the age of pregnant women (p=0.000), maternal parity (p=0.000), infant weight (p=0.000) and the incidence of perineum laceration. Keywords: laceration; perineum; labor Keywords: laseration; perineum; childbirth

Maternal parity affects Day 8 embryo gene expression in old mares

As sport career is a priority in most of equine breeds, mares are frequently bred for the first time at an advanced age. Both age and first gestation were shown to have a deleterious effect on reproduction outcomes, respectively on fertility and offspring weight but the effect mare's parity in older mares on embryo quality has never been considered. The aim of this project was to determine the effect of old mare's nulliparity on gene expression in embryos. Day 8 post ovulation embryos were collected from old (10-16 years old) nulliparous (ON, N=5) or multiparous (OM, N=6) non-nursing Saddlebred mares, inseminated with the semen of one stallion. Pure (TE_part) or inner cell mass enriched (ICMandTE) trophoblast were obtained by embryo bisection and paired end, non-oriented RNA sequencing (Illumina, NextSeq500) was performed on each hemi-embryo. To discriminate gene expression in the ICM from that in the TE, deconvolution (DeMixT R package) was used on the ICMandTE dataset. Differential expression was analyzed (DESeq2) with embryo sex and diameter as cofactors using a false discovery rate <0.05 cutoff. Although the expression of only a few genes was altered by mare's nulliparity (33 in ICM and 23 in TE), those genes were related to nutrient exchanges and responses to environment signaling, both in ICM and TE, suggesting that the developing environment from these mares are not optimal for embryo growth. In conclusion, being nulliparous and old does not seem to be the perfect match for embryonic development in mares.

DETERMINANTS OF UNSUCCESFUL EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING - A SCOPING REVIEW

Background: Globally, 40% of children under the age of 6 months are exclusively breastfed. The results of the Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2018, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months, it merely reached 37.3%. Purpose: To discover the factors that affected the failure of exclusive breastfeeding. Method: Scoping review adapted the Arskey and O'Malley framework, using a database from PubMed, Willey. and ScienceDirect. Finding: 21 articles out of 1563 selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Factors related to the failure of exclusive breastfeeding were divided into three factors, namely (1) sociodemographic factors consist of knowledge, occupation, age, environment and socio-culture, (2) health factors consist maternal parity, BMI, and psychological, (3) psychosocial factors consist of attitudes, breastfeeding intentions, family support, support from health workers and information obtained by the mother. Conclusion: The factors that most affected the failure of exclusive breastfeeding were the lack of family support for breastfeeding mothers, the support of passive health workers in providing information about exclusive breastfeeding and the work status of mothers who required mothers to work outside the home. In-depth research must be needed to find out the best strategy in increasing the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0892/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Factors Associated with The Incidence of Low Birth Weight

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the causes of infant mortality. LBW babies can be caused by internal and external factors. This research aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of low birth weight. This research is a retrospective study with a case control approach. The population is all mothers who gave birth in Puskemas Kayu Kunyit in South Bengkulu Regency throughout 2019, as many as 129 people, consisting of 14 babies with LBW and 115 babies with normal birth weight. The sample of this study was 28 people consisting of 14 babies who experienced LBW and 14 babies who were not LBW. Secondary data were obtained from maternal cohort and infant cohort and cases of data the incidence of low birth weight and the risk of pregnant women. Analysis of data using statistical test Chi-Square with a 95% confidence level. The analysis shows that the factors of low birth weight are maternal age (?=0.002), maternal parity (?=0.006), and pregnancy distance (?=0.02). In conclusion, factors associated with the incidence of low birth weight are maternal age, maternal parity, and pregnancy distance in the Puskesmas Kayu Kunyit.

Remodeling of the maternal gut microbiome during pregnancy is shaped by parity

Background The maternal microbiome has emerged as an important factor in gestational health and outcome and is associated with risk of preterm birth and offspring morbidity. Epidemiological evidence also points to successive pregnancies—referred to as maternal parity—as a risk factor for preterm birth, infant mortality, and impaired neonatal growth. Despite the fact that both the maternal microbiome and parity are linked to maternal-infant health, the impact of parity on the microbiome remains largely unexplored, in part due to the challenges of studying parity in humans. Results Using synchronized pregnancies and dense longitudinal monitoring of the microbiome in pigs, we describe a microbiome trajectory during pregnancy and determine the extent to which parity modulates this trajectory. We show that the microbiome changes reproducibly during gestation and that this remodeling occurs more rapidly as parity increases. At the time of parturition, parity was linked to the relative abundance of several bacterial species, including Treponema bryantii, Lactobacillus amylovorus, and Lactobacillus reuteri. Strain tracking carried out in 18 maternal-offspring “quadrads”—each consisting of one mother sow and three piglets—linked maternal parity to altered levels of Akkermansia muciniphila, Prevotella stercorea, and Campylobacter coli in the infant gut 10 days after birth. Conclusions Collectively, these results identify parity as an important environmental factor that modulates the gut microbiome during pregnancy and highlight the utility of a swine model for investigating the microbiome in maternal-infant health. In addition, our data show that the impact of parity extends beyond the mother and is associated with alterations in the community of bacteria that colonize the offspring gut early in life. The bacterial species we identified as parity-associated in the mother and offspring have been shown to influence host metabolism in other systems, raising the possibility that such changes may influence host nutrient acquisition or utilization. These findings, taken together with our observation that even subtle differences in parity are associated with microbiome changes, underscore the importance of considering parity in the design and analysis of human microbiome studies during pregnancy and in infants.

How Stressful Is Maternity? Study about Cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate Coat and Claws Concentrations in Female Dogs from Mating to 60 Days Post-Partum

In dogs, the phase from mating to the end of weaning lasts about 120 days and encompasses many aspects that, interacting, contribute to increase the allostatic load. The coat and claws, useful for long-term change assessments, have the advantage of being collectable without invasiveness. In the present study, the Cortisol (C) and Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) concentration monthly changes in the coat and claws were studied in female dogs from mating to the end of weaning to assess Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis activation during pregnancy and the post-partum period. The results from 15 Dobermann Pinscher female dogs showed a trend of increase of the coat C from mating to 60 days post-partum, with significant changes between mating and parturition-60 days post-partum (p < 0.01) and between the 30-day pregnancy diagnosis (PD) and 30–60 days post-partum (p < 0.05). The claws C trend showed significant increases between mating and 30–60 days post-partum (p < 0.05) and between the PD and 60 days post-partum (p < 0.01). DHEA-S in both matrices showed non-significant changes. The results suggest that maternity could play a pivotal role in the HPA axis activation, with a subsequent chronic secretion of C determining an increase in the allostatic load in the mothers. Neither maternal parity nor litter size played a significant role in the accumulation of C and DHEA-S in both matrices.

The Effect of Epididymal Sperm Cryopreservation on Neonatal Birthweight Following PESA-ICSI

Purpose: To compare the neonatal birthweight of singletons derived from ICSI cycles with fresh or frozen-thawed epididymal sperm in patients with obstructive azoospermiaMethods: A total of 436 singletons derived from ICSI cycles with fresh (n=220) or frozen-thawed (n=216) epididymal sperm in obstructive azoospermia evaluated from 2012 to 2018 in the retrospective study. Multivariate generalized linear model was used to analyze the association between epididymal sperm cryopreservation and neonatal birthweight.Result(s): The crude birthweight and z-score in neonates derived from frozen-thawed epididymal sperm were significantly lower than those from fresh epididymal sperm (3186.57g vs 3303.61g and -0.18 vs 0.08, respectively), with a mean difference of 117.04 (95%CI: 32.36 to 201.72) g and 0.25 (95%CI: 0.06 to 0.45). Adjusted for confounders including parental age and BMI, maternal ovarian reserve, paternal FSH and T levels, peak E2 during OPU cycles, frozen-thawed embryo transfer, embryo development stage, gestational age, maternal parity and child gender, the multivariate model suggested that singletons conceived from ICSI with fresh epididymal sperm was on average 91.21 g heavier than those conceived from ICSI with frozen-thawed epdidiymal sperm (95%CI:12.72 to 166.7, P=0.016).Conclusion(s): Cryopreservation of epididymal sperm may negatively affect birthweight

Hubungan Antara Paritas Ibu Dengan Kejadian Plasenta Previa Di Ruang Kebidanan Rsud Dr. H Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung

ABSTRACT :RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTHER'S PARITY AND EVENTS IN THE PLASENTA PREVIA MIDWIFERY HOSPITAL DR. H ABDUL MOELOEK LAMPUNG PROVINCE Introduction: According to WHO in 2010 as many as 356,000 women died due to childbirth problems, maternal mortality was caused by several factors, including bleeding, one of the causes was placenta previa. The frequency of placenta previa increases in high parity, old age, uterine defects such as cesarean section, curettage, myomectomy and so on. Purpose :this study was to determine the relationship between maternal parity and the incidence of placenta previa in the obstetrics room of Dr. H Abdul Moeloek, Lampung Province.Method : This research was conducted using an analytic design with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all mothers giving birth at RSUD Dr. H Abdul Moeloek in 2015, which numbered 1435 people. Samples taken using systematic random sampling of 313 people. The analysis used was univariate analysis, namely by presentation and bivariate by chi squere.Result : The results obtained from the study of the frequency of mothers who experienced placenta previa were 49 (15.7%) people, the distribution of the frequency of parity at risk in labor was 193 (61.7%) people, There was a relationship between maternal parity and the incidence of placenta previa based on statistical tests obtained P value = 0.008 with the result of the OR value = 2.786.Conclusion : Suggestions from researchers are that the hospital is expected to further improve human resources by holding training or seminars for midwifery room employees, installing placenta previa protocols in the obstetrics room so that they can improve supervision of both the delivery process with placenta previa or the factors that cause placenta previa. Keyword : Parity, Plasenta Previa INTISARI : HUBUNGAN ANTARA PARITAS IBU DENGAN KEJADIAN PLASENTA PREVIA DI RUANG KEBIDANAN RSUD DR. H ABDUL MOELOEK PROVINSI LAMPUNG Latar Belakang :Menurut WHO pada tahun 2010 sebanyak 356.000 perempuan meninggal akibat masalah persalinan, kematian ibu disebabkan beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah faktor perdarahan, salah satu penyebabnya adalah plasenta previa. Frekuensi plasenta previa meningkat pada paritas tinggi, usia lanjut, cacat rahim misalnya bekas bedah sesar, kuretase,miomektomi dan sebagainya.Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara paritas ibu dengan kejadian plasenta previa di ruang kebidanan RSUD Dr. H Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung.Metode penelitian :Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu bersalin di RSUD Dr. H Abdul Moeloek pada tahun 2015, yang berjumlah 1435 orang. Sample yang di ambil menggunakan systematic random sampling sejumlah 313 orang. Analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa univariat yaitu secara presentasi dan bivariat secara chi squere.Hasil : Didapatkan hasil penelitian frekuensi ibu yang mengalami plasenta previa sebanyak 49 (15.7 %) orang, Distribusi frekuensi paritas beresiko pada ibu bersalin sebanyak 193 (61.7 %) orang, Terdapat hubungan antara paritas ibu dengan kejadian plasenta previa berdasarkan uji statistik didapat P Value = 0,008dengan hasil nilai OR =2.786. Kesimpulan : diharapkan rumah sakit lebih meningkatkan SDM dengan diadakannya pelatihan ataupun seminar bagi pegawai ruang kebidanan, memasang protab-protab plasenta previa di ruang kebidanan sehingga dapat meningkatkan pengawasan baik proses persalinan dengan plasenta previa atau faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya plasenta previa. Kata Kunci : Paritas, Plasenta Previa