Evaluation of Family Clusters of Children with SARS-CoV-2: Children Do Not Play the Leading Role

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Ergenc ◽  
Eda Kepenekli ◽  
Betül Şenyürek ◽  
Nurhayat Yakut ◽  
Perran Boran
Keyword(s):  
Index Case ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Adult Individual ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

Abstract Objective The exact role of children in the household transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not clear. In this study, we investigated the role of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in household transmission by identifying the index patient and contact tracing the household members. Methods A total of 103 children with COVID-19 who attended Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, between 25th March and 27th May 2020 were included in the study. A family cluster was defined as a group of ≥two confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the same family, and a household contact (HHC) was defined as any person who had stayed in the same residence. Results In total, 78 family clusters and 307 HHCs belonging to these clusters were screened. In only four clusters was the index case determined to be in the pediatric age group (5.1%). Fathers, mothers, grandparents, and adult siblings were identified as the index cases in 37 (47.4%), 18 (23.0%), 8 (10.2%), and 6 (7.7%) clusters, respectively. Of the 307 HHCs, 88 were in the pediatric age group, and 39 were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive. Conclusion Our data showed that SARS-CoV-2 is uncommon in children without any history of contact to a RT-PCR test positive patient. The role of children as the index patient in family clusters is 5.1%, and the actual index case is usually an adult individual who has had an outside contact.

The Role of Chinese Traditional Medical Practise as a Form of Health Care in Singapore I: Preliminary Study

1980 ◽  
Vol 08 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Chan Ho ◽  
Kwok Chan Lun ◽  
W. K. Cheng Hin Ng
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Singapore Chinese ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Group Distribution

A retrospective study of 672 sampled records of patients of a major institutions providing Chinese traditional medicine in Singapore reveals that 97.3% of the patients were Chinese, with a dialect group distribution following closely that of the Singapore Chinese. The male-to-female patient ratio was 1.0:1.13. There were fewer patients of the pediatric age group and more of those from age 30 upwards. Some 43% of the patients sought treatment for ''infective'' and ''internal, emotional and weakness'' diseases. The prevalent disease conditions seen among patients from the different age groups are also analyzed and discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Bronchoscopic Management of Airway Obstruction in Pediatric Endobronchial Tuberculosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff SW Wong ◽  
Calvin SH Ng ◽  
Tak Wai Lee ◽  
Anthony PC Yim
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Endobronchial Tuberculosis ◽  
Severe Airway Obstruction

The present report describes a case of severe airway obstruction caused by endobronchial tuberculosis in an 11-year-old girl who was successfully treated by bronchoscopic balloon dilation. This case illustrates the insidious presentation and the increasingly important role of bronchoscopic intervention in the management of endobronchial tuberculosis. In addition, a brief literature review of the condition in the pediatric age group is included.

scholarly journals Role of children in household transmission of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. archdischild-2020-319910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Kim ◽  
Young June Choe ◽  
Jin Lee ◽  
Young Joon Park ◽  
Ok Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Secondary Case ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Index Cases

ObjectiveTransmissibility of COVID-19 by children in the household is not clear. Herein, we describe children’s role in household transmission of COVID-19.Design and settingAll paediatric COVID-19 index cases and their household members reported from 20 January to 6 April 2020 in South Korea were reviewed. The secondary attack rate (SAR) from child index case to household secondary case was calculated. Epidemiological and clinical findings of child index case-household secondary case pair was assessed.ResultsA total of 107 paediatric COVID-19 index cases and 248 of their household members were identified. One pair of paediatric index-secondary household case was identified, giving a household SAR of 0.5% (95% CI 0.0% to 2.6%). The index case was self-quarantined at home after international travel, stayed in her room, but shared a meal table with the secondary case.ConclusionThe SAR from children to household members was low in the setting of social distancing, underscoring the importance of rigorous contact tracing and early isolation in limiting transmission within households.

scholarly journals Clinical pharmacists’ role in paediatric patients’ medical care

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2416
Author(s):  
Raveena Pachal Balakrishnan ◽  
Rajganesh Ravichandran ◽  
Jaya Shree Dillibatcha ◽  
Abrana Lakshmi Ravi ◽  
Nikhil Cherian Sam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Effective Medication

Clinical pharmacists give valuable administrations to adult patients, however, their advantages for pediatric and neonatal patients are less characterized. Many studies state that medication errors in children are more common than in adults with a greater risk of death.Clinical Pharmacists are accepted as the primary source for providing evidence-based information and advice, to ensure the delivery of correct, safest, and most effective medication to patients. This paper presents a review of the role of clinical pharmacists in the pediatric unit and emphasis the importance of clinical pharmacists for all patients, especially in the pediatric age group.

Influence of Parent’s Lifestyle in Children Behaviour – An Ayurveda Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata P. Dhoke ◽  
Hitesh A.Vyas C. Baragi ◽  
Mahesh K. Vyas. ◽  
Mohankrishna Dwivedi ◽  
Mithilesh Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
The Relationship

Role of parents is very crucial as children adopt the behavior and lifestyle which are followed by their parents in pediatrics population. In pediatric age group the world of children is only their parents, so if parents have no time for them, they feel lonely and anxious. Also parents over expectation, careless nature towards their child are the causes of psychological disorders in pediatric age group. Aim - To establish the relationship between parent’s behaviour and children psychology. Material and Methods - Literature review of psychology of children from classics by considering its different aspects, scholarly articles and information on internet has been referred thoroughly. Discussion and Conclusion - Overburden of parents expectation, loneliness, parents unhealthy relationship are responsible for increasing stress which leads to persistence of disease of pediatric age. Whatever the etiological factors including the genetic predisposition and course of disease pathology, the physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being of the parents, proper nutrition of the mother during pregnancy and after birth of child and practice of a wholesome regimen, play a prime role in achieving a healthy offspring. All the protocol mentioned in classics are very cost effective and easy to administer even in today’s life style, and therefore have very crucial role to prevent the psychological diseases in pediatric age group.

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