The Increasing Heterogeneity of Retirement in the USA: Interactions Between State, Firm, and Individual Determinants of Later-Life Labor Force Withdrawal

This study examines the relationship between later-life labor force participation and work history. Survey data on 1,805 Bell Canada early retirees show that 40% returned to work, of whom 17% took full-time employment, 51% took part-time employment, and 32% became self-employed. Return to work was positively related to work attachment and tenure in the last job, and negatively related to having been in a non-managerial occupation and lacking upward career mobility. Those with high attachment to work (as measured by responses to several survey questions) were more likely to return to full-time employment than to retire. Clerical workers were less likely than managers to choose part-time employment over retirement. Both lateral (versus upward) mobility in the last job and high work attachment were negatively related to the choice of self-employment over retirement.

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Current research gaps: a global systematic review of HIV and sexually transmissible infections among transgender populations

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh17096 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 456 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sarah MacCarthy ◽

Tonia Poteat ◽

Zhiyu Xia ◽

Nicolette L. Roque ◽

Ashley (Hyun Jin) Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Transgender Women ◽

Transgender People ◽

Sti Prevention ◽

Healthcare Settings ◽

Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽

Individual Determinants ◽

The Usa ◽

Reported Data ◽

Transgender Men

Transgender populations are heavily burdened by HIV and other sexually transmissible infections (STIs). However, data on co-infection with HIV and STIs among transgender people are limited. A systematic review was conducted of peer-reviewed articles and conference abstracts between January 2010 and November 2015 that focussed on HIV and STI infections among transgender populations globally. The literature was synthesised and opportunities for improving health research were commented on. Few studies reported HIV–STI co-infection (n = 4), while the majority of studies reported HIV and STI infections separately (n = 23). Most studies were conducted outside of the USA (n = 19), and all but one of these studies reported data on transgender women only. Among USA-based studies (n = 8), several reported data on both transgender men and transgender women (n = 3), whereas other studies reported exclusively on transgender men (n = 1) or transgender women (n = 4). Understanding HIV and STIs among transgender people requires research that simultaneously considers multilevel drivers of vulnerabilities. More data are needed on how the interaction of individual determinants, including biological risks of transmission, programmatic determinants such as service-delivery models and policy-level determinants including institutionalised stigma in healthcare settings, influence the HIV- and STI-related outcomes of transgender populations. Leveraging the knowledge of transgender-specific determinants of HIV and STIs should guide the content and approaches to future HIV and STI prevention and treatment efforts.

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The associations between socio-economic status and major depressive disorder among Blacks, Latinos, Asians and non-Hispanic Whites: findings from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291709006023 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 51-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

A. R. Gavin ◽

E. Walton ◽

D. H. Chae ◽

M. Alegria ◽

J. S. Jackson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Labor Force ◽

Economic Status ◽

Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽

Foreign Born ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Socio Economic Status ◽

The Usa ◽

Epidemiology Studies

BackgroundThis study examined whether there were associations between individual measures of socio-economic status (SES) and the 12-month prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in representative samples of Blacks, Latinos, Asians and Whites in the USA.MethodThe data used were from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies (CPES).ResultsThere was an association between household income and MDD among Whites. However, the association was not statistically significant. Statistically significant associations were present between educational attainment and MDD among Whites. Among both Whites and Latinos, being out of the labor force was significantly associated with MDD. In analyses by nativity, being out of the labor force was significantly associated with MDD among US-born and foreign-born Latinos.ConclusionsSignificant associations between various measures of SES and MDD were consistently observed among White and, in some cases, Latino populations. Future studies should continue to examine sociopsychological factors related to SES that increase the risk of MDD among people from racial-ethnic communities.

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