Wind Power and Similar Renewable Sources —Why Variability Doesn’t Matter

2007 ◽  
pp. 25-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Milborrow
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Renewable Sources

Economic Load Dispatch Incorporating Wind Power Using Hybrid Biogeography-Based Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-80
Author(s):  
Bikram Saha ◽  
Provas Kumar Roy ◽  
Barun Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Economic Load Dispatch ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Salp Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Recommended Algorithm ◽  
Swarming Behaviour

This article represents salp swarm algorithm (SSA) for the most favourable operating solution of economic load dispatch (ELD). For making the convergence first along with SSA, another optimization algorithm (i.e., BBO [biogeography;based optimization]) is also used. For lowering the operational cost, wind power is employed with thermal units. SSA is inspired by swarming behaviour of salp, which belongs to salpiside family. Salp possess a special kind of swarm while hunting for food and navigating. The recommended algorithm is executed on two systems of SIX units and 40 units. In both of the cases, load dispatch problem is carried out with renewable sources and also without renewable sources. Individually, BBO, SSA, and hybrid BBO-SSA are applied to all the test systems to justify effectiveness of hybrid BBO-SSA. Obtained results assure the prospective and advantages of recommended algorithm in contrast to algorithms mentioned in the article. Results come out to be very satisfying and reveal that hybrid BBO-SSA is a powerful algorithm to solve ELD problems.

Co-Optimization of Output and Reserve with Significant Penetration of Renewables

2013 ◽  
Vol 427-429 ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Xue Fei Chang ◽  
Zhe Yong Piao ◽  
Xiang Yu Lv ◽  
De Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Programming ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Sequential Quadratic Programming ◽  
Renewable Generation ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Reliability Level ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Programming Techniques

Co-optimization of output and reserve is necessary in order to provide maximum benefit to both consumers and producers. Once renewable generation sources like wind or solar begin to make up a large proportion of the generation mix, this co-optimization becomes much more difficult since the output of renewable sources is not well-known in advance. In this paper, a uniform reliability level is used as a constraint in the process of output and reserve. The proposed model is tested on the modified 5-bus PJM system. The co-optimization is performed by sequential quadratic programming techniques. The results show that the co-optimization results are strongly related to the uncertainties of wind power, the reliability level of the system, and the reliability of generators when wind makes up a significant portion of the generation mix.

scholarly journals Frequency Support Markets and Wind Power Integration

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7450
Author(s):  
Anzhelika Ivanova ◽  
José Luis Domínguez-García ◽  
Cristina Corchero
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Market Practices ◽  
System Benefit

Europe’s initiative to reduce the emissions of harmful gases has significantly increased the integration of renewable sources into power networks, particularly wind power. Variable renewable sources pose challenges to sustain the balance between generation and demand. Thus, the need for ancillary services to cope with this problem has increased. In this regard, the integration of larger shares of wind generation would have a clear system benefit when wind generators are able to provide these ancillary services. This would also have implications for electricity markets, enabling these services from wind power plants. This article gives an overview of several European markets for frequency support (FS) services, also referred to as FS markets. It identifies the changes in national regulations of 10 European countries to standardize these services based on the ENTSO-E guidelines. However, most of the countries still use their national service definitions, which presents a problem for researchers to understand the national regulations in relation to the ENTSO-E guidelines. This article provides a classification of the national FS services under the definitions of the ENTSO-E guidelines to facilitate research on this topic. Furthermore, it highlights the main requirements for the market practices that would encourage the participation of wind power generation in the provision of these services. An estimation of the economic benefits for wind producers from the provision of FS services is provided as well to show a possible outcome if changes are not made in national policies.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF INDICATORS OF EXPORT, IMPORT, AND ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION IN LATVIA. WIND POWER CONSUMPTION CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
Veronica Silinevicha
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Production And Consumption

Energy markets with high penetration rates of renewables are more likely to face price fluctuations or volatility, which is in part due to the stochastic nature of renewables. Latvia's electricity market is an excellent example of such a market, as more than 40% of Latvia's electricity generation comes from hydropower, which challenges the projected spot electricity prices for Latvia's electricity market. The article identifies trends in the natural and value indicators of total exports, imports, total currency turnover and electricity consumption in Latvia with a more detailed study of the characteristics and trends of electricity consumption indicators from renewable resources for the period 2014, 2015 - 2019. In addition, wind power utilization rates were considered both for the observed period as a whole and on a monthly basis for 2019. In general, the results of the study confirm the feasibility of Latvia's plans to increase both total electricity consumption and its share from renewable sources. At the same time, the coronavirus pandemic has already begun to lead to negative consequences for electricity consumption in EU countries, which have so far affected Latvia to a lesser extent. Nevertheless, these consequences will inevitably lead to an adjustment of Latvia's electricity plans towards an increase in the share of production and consumption of electricity from renewable sources, including wind energy, despite its upward price trend. The author with employment of the tools Excel Trendline obtains trends of indicators, approximating formulae dependencies and the coefficients of determination for the relevant diagrams and charts.

scholarly journals Hydraulic energy storage of wind power plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04053
Author(s):  
Bоboraim Urishev ◽  
Rumiya Beytullayeva ◽  
Аsror Umirov ◽  
Оybek Almardonov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Pumped Storage

The article discusses information on the need to accumulate energy from renewable sources to improve their efficiency, as well as some examples of the integration of systems for hydraulic energy storage and renewable sources, which ensure an increase in the reliability and volume of energy generation. The method for determining the parameters of a wind power plant's hydraulic energy storage system, which is based on the balance of the daily load produced and spent on energy storage, is presented. With changing daily loads, this technique makes it possible to determine the main parameters of the complex, including the volume of accumulated water, the coefficient of energy use of the wind power station. A functional diagram of the programmed control of the pumped storage and wind power plant parameters for the optimal use of the wind potential in hydraulic energy storage is presented. Based on the results of calculations using the proposed method, the main parameters of the system based on pumped storage and wind power plant with a capacity of 100 MW were determined, the efficiency of hydraulic energy storage was determined in comparison with lithium-ion batteries.

Underground hydrogen storage in sedimentary and volcanic rock reservoirs: Foundational research and future challenges for New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Bischoff ◽  
Ludmila Adam ◽  
David Dempsey ◽  
Andrew Nicol ◽  
Mac Beggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Technical Assessment ◽  
Geological Formations

<p>Novel technologies to store hydrogen in geological formations can substantially enhance New Zealand’s renewable energy market and help mitigate climate change impacts. New Zealand already supplies about 80% of its electricity demands from renewable sources, mostly geothermal, hydro and wind power. However, over 60% of the country’s net energy consumption still comes from fossil fuels. In New Zealand, extensive production and large-volume (>50,000,000 Nm<sup>3</sup>) storage of green hydrogen will be essential to buffer diurnal and seasonal shortage of hydro and wind power generation in a future energy mix dominated by renewable sources. Geological storage, technology in use since the 1970’s, is currently considered the best large-scale option for hydrogen storage globally.</p><p>Here we present preliminary results of an ongoing study into the feasibility of storing hydrogen in sedimentary and volcanic rocks across New Zealand. The country’s varied geology and diverse cultural communities provide a unique setting to evaluate the technical capacity, socio-environmental aspirations, and costs-benefits of hydrogen geo-storage for future domestic and export markets. We draw our investigation upon a substantial legacy dataset of petroleum exploration drillholes and seismic reflection surveys coupled with information from sedimentary and volcanic outcrops to determine the most suitable geological formations for hosting large-volumes of hydrogen nationwide. Four possible types of hydrogen geo-storage are considered: (i) construction of artificial rock caves, (ii) injection of hydrogen into sedimentary rocks and aquifers, (iii) utilisation of depleted natural oil and gas reservoirs and infrastructure; and (iv) hydrogen storage in highly porous and permeable volcanic rocks, the last of which would be a world first.</p><p>New Zealand has an extensive installed petroleum infrastructure, including 2,500 km of high-pressure gas pipelines and 17,960 km of gas distribution network to support the development of new hydrogen energy enterprises. Multiple depleted or depleting petroleum fields (e.g. Ahuroa, Kapuni and Maui) contain excellent reservoirs and efficient seal rocks confined in large (>25 km<sup>2</sup>) geological structures that offer scope for hydrogen storage. Porosity and permeability in commercial reservoirs vary from 5 to 25% and often up to several thousand millidarcys (mD), respectively, with high values of up to 9900 mD reported in sandstones of the Maui field. Studies in volcanic reservoirs on Banks Peninsula, Oamaru and offshore Taranaki Basin demonstrate that large sections of volcanoes (up to 1 km<sup>3</sup>) frequently have porosities of ca 50% and permeabilities above 100 mD, which may provide opportunities for storing hydrogen at relatively shallow (ca 100 m) depths.</p><p>Further technical assessment is ongoing to determine microbiological activity, chemical stability of rock targets, and geological modelling in hydrogen-rich reservoirs. This technical assessment will be complemented by community consultation to develop pathways for acceptance of hydrogen geo-storage in the country. Mātauranga Māori (native indigenous knowledge) has real potential to guide renewable energy investments towards a long-term vision that prioritises intergenerational well-being and prosperity for the wider New Zealand society. This convergence of thinking, integrating scientific knowledge, industry aspirations, and societal necessities will provide a novel approach for sustainable growth of the hydrogen industry in New Zealand and abroad.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing Financial and Flexibility Incentives for Integrating Wind Energy in the Grid Via Agent-Based Modeling

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 4314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maqbool ◽  
Baetens ◽  
Lotfi ◽  
Vandevelde ◽  
Eetvelde
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Total System ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Installed Capacity ◽  
Feed In Tariff

This article provides an agent-based model of a hypothetical standalone electricity network to identify how the feed-in tariffs and the installed capacity of wind power, calculated in percentage of total system demand, affect the electricity consumption from renewables. It includes the mechanism of electricity pricing on the Day Ahead Market (DAM) and the Imbalance Market (IM). The extra production volumes of Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources (RES-E) and the flexibility of electrical consumption of industries is provided as reserves on the IM. Five thousand simulations were run by using the agent-based model to gather data that were then fit in linear regression models. This helped to quantify the effect of feed-in tariffs and installed capacity of wind power on the consumption from renewable energy and market prices. The consumption from renewable sources, expressed as percentage of total system consumption, increased by 8.17% for every 10% increase in installed capacity of wind power. The sharpest increase in renewable energy consumption is observed when a feed-in tariff of 0.04 €/kWh is provided to the wind farm owners, resulting in an average increase of 9.1% and 5.1% in the consumption from renewable sources while the maximum installed capacity of wind power is 35% and 100%, respectively. The regression model for the annualized DAM prices showed an increase by 0.01 €cents/kWh in the DAM prices for every 10% increase in the installed wind power capacity. With every increase of 0.01 €/kWh in the value of feed-in tariffs, the mean DAM price is lowered as compared to the previous value of the feed-in tariff. DAM prices only decrease with increasing installed wind capacity when a feed-in tariff of 0.04 €/kWh is provided. This is observed because all wind power being traded on DAM at a very cheap price. Hence, no volume of electricity is being stored for availability on IM. The regression models for predicting IM prices show that, with every 10% increase in installed capacity of wind power, the annualized IM price decreases by 0.031 and 0.34 €cents/kWh, when installed capacity of wind power is between 0 and 25%, and between 25 and 100%, respectively. The models also showed that, until the maximum installed capacity of wind power is less than 25%, the IM prices increase when the value of feed-in tariff is 0.01 and 0.04 €/kWh, but decrease for a feed-in tariff of 0.02 and 0.03 €/kWh. When installed capacity of wind power is between 25 and 100%, increasing feed-in tariffs to the value of 0.03 €/kWh result in lowering the mean IM price. However, at 0.04 €/kWh, the mean IM price is higher, showing the effect of no storage reserves being available on IM and more expensive reserves being engaged on the IM. The study concludes that the effect of increasing installed capacity of wind power is more significant on increasing consumption of renewable energy and decreasing the DAM and IM prices than the effect of feed-in tariffs. However, the effect of increasing values of both factors on the profit of RES-E producers with storage facilities is not positive, pointing to the need for customized rules and incentives to encourage their market participation and investment in storage facilities.

scholarly journals Potencial/Aproveitamento de Energia Solar e Eólica no Semiárido Nordestino: Um Estudo de Caso em Juazeiro – BA nos Anos de 2000 a 2009 (Potencial/Usage of Wind and Solar Energy in the Northeastern Semiarid: A Study in Juazeiro-BA Between 2000 and 2009)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Glauciene Justino Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Thiago Emmanuel Araújo Severo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Renewable Sources Of Energy ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
The Way

Com a escassez dos recursos naturais cada vez mais crescente, tem-se intensificado a busca por novas alternativas de gerar energia limpa, segura e que atenda as necessidades da população. Nesse contexto, a utilização da energia solar e eólica surge como uma opção viável para modificar a forma como se gera energia. Visto à localização privilegiada do semiárido brasileiro, a procura pela utilização de fontes renováveis para a produção de energia elétrica viabiliza estudos e diagnósticos para se conhecer o potencial eólico e solar da região. Partindo desse pressuposto, esse trabalho procurou demonstrar o potencial de energia solar e eólica de Juazeiro-BA, por meio de dados meteorológicos. Esta região possui ventos com maiores velocidades nos meses de agosto (247,4 km/dia) e setembro (241,6 km/dia), mantendo uma média de 195,8 km/dia ao longo dos 10 anos analisados. Os valores de irradiação solar mostram que é possível um aproveitamento médio de 2285,653 Wh/m².dia considerando-se apenas a irradiação direta.Palavras chave: Energias Limpas, Radiação Solar, Vento Potencial/Usage of Wind and Solar Energy in the Northeastern Semiarid: A Study in Juazeiro-BA Between 2000 and 2009 ABSTRACTThe scarcity of natural resources are increasingly growing, and has intensified the search for new alternatives to generate clean and safe ways to attend the needs of the population. The use of solar and wind based energy comes into scene as a viable and intelligent option to change the way energy is generated. Seen the privileged location of the Brazilian semiarid, there’s a demand for the use of renewable sources of energy and studies to measure the potential of wind and solar energy in this region. Under this study aimed to demonstrate the potentials of solar and wind power in Juazeiro-BA through meteorological data. This region harbors winds with higher velocities in the months of August (247.4 km / day) and September (241.6 km / day), maintaining an average of 195.8 km / day over the 10 analyzed years. The values of solar radiation shows that it is possible to use an average of 2285.653 Wh / m². Day considering only the direct irradiation.Keywords: Clean energy, Solar Radiation, Wind

scholarly journals UMA ANÁLISE DAS RELAÇÕES LABORAIS NOS PARQUES DE ENERGIA EÓLICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DO EMPREGO VERDE E DO TRABALHO DECENTE

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Flávia de Paiva Medeiros de Oliveira ◽  
Cristina Paiva Serafim Gadelha Campos
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Significant Potential

A preocupação com o resguardo do patrimônio ambiental tem assumido contornos cada vez mais relevantes, inclusive podendo ser destacados seus efeitos na seara laboral. Procurando associar ecologia e economia, a criação e manutenção de empregos verdes se revelam alternativas eficazes para garantir que atividades profissionais serão desenvolvidas sem causar prejuízos ao meio ambiente, bem como que os respectivos empregados gozarão de condições decentes de trabalho. O setor energético, por sua vez, através da exploração precípua de energias renováveis, detém potencial significativo para ofertar empregos verdes. Em vista disso, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar se a exploração de uma das fontes renováveis largamente disponíveis no Brasil – qual seja, a eólica – tem o condão de contribuir com o esverdeamento laboral no país, notadamente sob a ótica do empregado, considerando as condições de trabalho às quais é submetido. Palavras-chave: Emprego verde. Setor energético. Energia renovável. Energia eólica. Trabalho decente. Abstract: The concern with the preservation of the environmental patrimony has assumed more and more relevant contours, including its effects in the labor market. Seeking to associate ecology and economics, the creation and maintenance of green jobs prove to be effective alternatives to ensure that professional activities will be carried out without causing harm to the environment, and that their employees will enjoy decent working conditions. The energy sector, in turn, through the primary exploitation of renewable energies, holds significant potential to offer green jobs. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the exploitation of one of the renewable sources widely available in Brazil - wind power - has the potential to contribute to the greening of labor in the country, especially from the perspective of the employee, considering the working conditions to which it is subject.Keywords: Green employment. Energy Sector. Renewable energy. Wind power. Decent work.

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