Engendering ‘Race’ in Calls for Diasporic Community in Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Class Relations ◽  
Black African ◽  
Racial Formations ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
Racial Mixture ◽  
Diasporic Community ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

This article argues that theorists of black/African diasporas should interrogate the specific ways in which ‘race’ is used to engage people in diasporic projects, and that such projects are intimately intertwined with specifically gendered, sexualized, and generational class relations and positionalities in specific national contexts and spaces. Attention to these intersections can help us better understand hierarchies of power between and among diasporic individuals and communities. This article focuses on historically specific Swedish meanings of racialized femininities and the different forms of agency women use to negotiate the gendered processes of racialization they encounter in a variety of settings and sources. It draws on interviews and fieldnotes conducted between 1994 and 2007, together with analysis of popular culture (music and radio programmes) and ethnographic material collected by Swedish ethnologist Viveca Motsieloa, and maps out some of the complexities utilized by different generations of Swedish women of African heritage in a changing Swedish landscape of racial formations. Their negotiations show how tensions and differences between ‘second-generation’ migrants and those of the ‘first generation’ are expressed through gender, sexuality, and differing understandings of ‘race’ (and the place of ‘racial mixture’).

Do remittances differ depending on migration pathway and length of stay?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Anita Pugliese ◽  
Julie Ray ◽  
Neli Esipova
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

This paper reports the results from Gallup’s global analysis of the likelihood of first-generation migrants, second-generation migrants and the native-born to send financial help in the form of money or goods to others inside or outside their respective country of residence. The findings in this paper are based on more than 450,000 interviews conducted through Gallup’s World Poll in 157 countries in 2012, 2013 and 2014. The sample includes more than 26,000 first-generation migrants and more than 20,000 second-generation migrants. The large sample enables Gallup to analyze first-generation migrants by the duration of their stay in their adopted country and compare their remittance behaviors with second-generation migrants and the native-born.

scholarly journals “I’m kind of agnostic”

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Nirukshi Perera
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Hindu Temple ◽  
Migrant Youth ◽  
Belief Narratives ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Generation Migrant ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

Abstract Transplanting non-Western religions to Western nations results in first-generation migrant attempts to transmit faith in vastly different contexts. Especially as adolescents, second-generation migrants tackle mediating their personal religious beliefs in a society with diverse religions and ideologies as well as negotiating membership of their ethnoreligious community. This paper draws from an ethnography in a Tamil Hindu temple in Australia. I present Sri Lankan teenage migrants’ discourse from their faith classroom to elucidate processes of belief positioning. In working out their emergent, and provisional, faith identities, the students deploy mainly Tamil and English linguistic features in their belief narratives. Flexible languaging complements their “syncretic acts” – the practice of drawing on diverse ideologies and experiences (outside the boundaries of a particular religion) to form personalized beliefs. Translanguaging thus facilitates the expression of circumspect, nuanced, and non-traditional interpretations of their heritage religion. Understanding such processes of belief positioning can help societies and institutions to work towards migrant youth inclusion.

Second-Generation Entrepreneurship

2018 ◽  
pp. 181-205
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Black Africans ◽  
Black African ◽  
The Uk

This chapter looks into the second-generation Black Africans in the UK diaspora and their activities (e.g., social and economic). The second-generation Black African entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs tend to have different enterprise tendencies and socio-cultural value compared to the first-generation Black Africans. Together with the analysis of their entrepreneurship, this chapter reviews their preparations, motivations, and experiences in the UK and the instrumentality of their agency in the development of their parents' homeland (ancestral home).

Diete di consumo culturale e migranti

IKON ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 13-37
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Vittadini
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

- The essay introduces a research aimed at describe the differences among entertainment and cultural activities attended by first and second generation migrants coming from different countries and living in the Milan county. In particular, the research has highlighted differences in the process of choice and valorization of outdoor cultural activities between first and second generation migrants belonging to the two widest communities in Milan: Egyptian and Peruvian. The research is based on 33 in deep interviews to migrants coming from Egypt and Perů. The sample has been divided in two parts: 18 people belonging to first generation and 15 to second generation. The research has been carried out from November 2008 and April 2009.

scholarly journals Second-generation Lithuanian Immigrants in Norway: Between Lithuania and Norway?

Lituanistica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Daukšas
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Host Country ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

The article is based on the findings of a field study conducted in Norway from 2008 to 2017. The focus group consisted of second-generation Lithuania migrants living in Norway. Transnationalism is one of the most promising concepts in anthropology in addressing contemporary migration. Transnationalism argues the changing nature of contemporary migration (when compared with the previous waves of migration in history). Contemporary migration is seen as intensive and simultaneous being “here” and “there” (in the country of origin and the host country). However, the identity construction in the second-generation migrants is seen as different if compared with the first generation. Critics of transnationalism see the second generation of migrants as a weak chain theoretically. According to them, previous concepts of assimilation and integration could be employed again in understanding identity construction of the second generation. A short analysis of the data from the field study of the second generation of migrants from Lithuania in Norway raises the question of whether transnationalism is inappropriate to explain the processes in the second generation of migrants. Surprisingly, it is evident that contrary to the claims of the critics of transnationalism, the second generation of migrants does not directly assimilate into the host society (Norway), and Lithuania remains a significant resource of identity. Even if second-generation migrants see themselves strongly connected with Norway both practically and emotionally (active participation in Norwegian society), at the same time Lithuania is considered more as a domain of emotions. In most cases, second-generation migrants seem to be active participants in Norwegian society. They understand Norwegian society better (if compared to the first generation), so it is natural that they want to be formally recognised as Norwegian citizens. To them, Lithuania is a country of holidays, grandparents, and entertainment. However, even in this case, we encounter a certain tension between being a Norwegian and a Lithuanian. The respondents speak of a certain duality or hybridity of identities when one does not want to be entirely Norwegian or entirely Lithuanian. However, although people note that both identities are equally important, they choose to become Norwegian citizens, because Norway is the country where they live and they feel better informed about its current affairs.

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity in young Turkish, Moroccan and Surinamese migrants of the second generation in the Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2037-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriëtte Dijkshoorn ◽  
Mary Nicolaou ◽  
Joanne K Ujcic-Voortman ◽  
Gea M Schouten ◽  
Arianne J Bouwman-Notenboom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
Generation Migrant ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

AbstractObjectiveTo examine differences in overweight and obesity of second-generation Turkish, Moroccan and Surinamese migrants v. first-generation migrants and the ethnic Dutch. We also studied the influence of sociodemographic factors on this association.DesignData were collected in 2008 in a cross-sectional postal and online health survey.SettingFour major Dutch cities.SubjectsIn the survey 42 686 residents aged 16 years and over participated. Data from Dutch (n 3615) and second/first-generation Surinamese (n 230/139), Turkish (n 203/241) and Moroccan (n 172/187) participants aged 16–34 years were analysed using logistic regression with overweight (BMI ≥ 25·0 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30·0 kg/m2) as dependent variables. BMI was calculated from self-reported body height and weight. Sociodemographic variables included sex, age, marital status, educational level, employment status and financial situation.ResultsAfter controlling for age, overweight (including obesity) was more prevalent in most second-generation migrant subgroups compared with the Dutch population, except for Moroccan men. Obesity rates among second-generation migrant men were similar to those among the Dutch. Second-generation migrant women were more often obese than Dutch women. Ethnic differences were partly explained by the lower educational level of second-generation migrants. Differences in overweight between second- and first-generation migrants were only found among Moroccan and Surinamese men.ConclusionsWe did not find a converging trend for the overweight and obesity prevalence from second-generation migrants towards the Dutch host population. Therefore, preventive interventions should also focus on second-generation migrants to stop the obesity epidemic.

scholarly journals Integration Journey: The Social Mobility Trajectory of Ethnic Minority Groups in Britain

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaojun Li
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
British Society ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Black African

This article studies the processes of social mobility by the main ethno-generational groups in Britain. We compare the origin-education-destination (OED) links between the first- and second- generation ethnic minority groups with those of whites, with a particular focus on whether the second generation are getting closer to whites than do the first generation in the links, hence becoming increasingly integrated into the socio-economic lives of British society. Using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study and adopting structural equation modelling (SEM) methods, we find strong evidence of first-generation setback, and some signs of second-generation catch-up. Indians and Chinese are making progress, but the two black groups and Pakistanis/Bangladeshis are lagging behind. The analysis shows persisting ethnic disadvantages in the labour market in spite of their high levels of educational achievement, and it also shows an emerging order of ethnic hierarchy, running from Indian, Chinese, black Caribbean, Pakistani/Bangladeshi to black African groups.

scholarly journals Linked Lives: Exploring the Narratives of Second-Generation Migrants in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Chhabilal Devkota ◽  
Sanjeev Dahal
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Linked Lives ◽  
Suitable Climate ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

This article describes the narratives of second-generation migrants in Nepal. The paper explores the reasons for migration as shared with their offspring by first-generation migrants. The article also shares the narratives by second-generation migrants on experiences of family, school, community, and the State. Second-generation migrants or adult offspring of first-generation migrants from Tibet and India comprised the sampling frame for the qualitative study. Data were collected through a non-probability sampling technique, and in-depth semi-structured interview schedules were used. Nine in-depth interviews were conducted for the study. Thematic analysis was employed to examine the data. Key reasons to migrate to Nepal featured in the narratives of the migrants were opportunities for business, availability of good education, and a suitable climate in Nepal. Furthermore, lack of opportunities for employment and education and instances of violence at their place of origin pushed the migrants towards Nepal. Most of the interviewees shared having solid bonds with their families. They shared mixed experiences (both encouraging and humiliating) at school and varied experiences in their interaction with the broader society (both supportive and conflicting). Furthermore, all interviewees shared challenges in dealing with or receiving help from the Nepali State.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes risks and determinants in second-generation migrants and mixed ethnicity people of South Asian and African Caribbean descent in the UK

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliki-Eleni Farmaki ◽  
Victoria Garfield ◽  
Sophie V. Eastwood ◽  
Ruth E. Farmer ◽  
Rohini Mathur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
South Asian ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mixed Ethnicity ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Excess risks of type 2 diabetes in UK South Asians (SA) and African Caribbeans (AC) compared with Europeans remain unexplained. We studied risks and determinants of type 2 diabetes in first- and second-generation (born in the UK) migrants, and in those of mixed ethnicity. Methods Data from the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort of ~500,000 participants aged 40–69 at recruitment, were used. Type 2 diabetes was assigned using self-report and HbA1c. Ethnicity was both self-reported and genetically assigned using admixture level scores. European, mixed European/South Asian (MixESA), mixed European/African Caribbean (MixEAC), SA and AC groups were analysed, matched for age and sex to enable comparison. In the frames of this cross-sectional study, we compared type 2 diabetes in second- vs first-generation migrants, and mixed ethnicity vs non-mixed groups. Risks and explanations were analysed using logistic regression and mediation analysis, respectively. Results Type 2 diabetes prevalence was markedly elevated in SA (599/3317 = 18%) and AC (534/4180 = 13%) compared with Europeans (140/3324 = 4%). Prevalence was lower in second- vs first-generation SA (124/1115 = 11% vs 155/1115 = 14%) and AC (163/2200 = 7% vs 227/2200 = 10%). Favourable adiposity (i.e. lower waist/hip ratio or BMI) contributed to lower risk in second-generation migrants. Type 2 diabetes in mixed populations (MixESA: 52/831 = 6%, MixEAC: 70/1045 = 7%) was lower than in comparator ethnic groups (SA: 18%, AC: 13%) and higher than in Europeans (4%). Greater socioeconomic deprivation accounted for 17% and 42% of the excess type 2 diabetes risk in MixESA and MixEAC compared with Europeans, respectively. Replacing self-reported with genetically assigned ethnicity corroborated the mixed ethnicity analysis. Conclusions/interpretation Type 2 diabetes risks in second-generation SA and AC migrants are a fifth lower than in first-generation migrants. Mixed ethnicity risks were markedly lower than SA and AC groups, though remaining higher than in Europeans. Distribution of environmental risk factors, largely obesity and socioeconomic status, appears to play a key role in accounting for ethnic differences in type 2 diabetes risk. Graphical abstract

Neighbourhood Ethnic Density and Incidence of Psychosis – First and Second Generation Migrants Compared

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s249-s249 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Schofield ◽  
J. Das-Munshi ◽  
L. Becares ◽  
E. Agerbo
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Density Effect ◽  
Ethnic Density ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
First Generation Migrants ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

IntroductionLiving in an area with few people from the same ethnic background has been associated with increased incidence of psychosis (the ethnic density effect).ObjectivesCompare associations between neighbourhood ethnic density and incidence of non-affective psychosis for first and second generation migrants.MethodsPopulation based cohort (2.2 million) of all those born 1st January 1965 or later and living in Denmark on their 15th birthday. We looked at a total of 106,000 migrants, including 62% first generation migrants. Ethnic density was determined at age 15 and we adjusted for age, gender, calendar period, parental psychiatric history and parental income at age 15.ResultsFor the first generation, we found no evidence that rates of non-affective psychosis were related to neighbourhood ethnic density for migrants from Africa (comparing lowest and highest quintiles): IRR 1.02 (95% CI 0.6–1.73), and the Middle East: IRR 0.96 (CI 0.68–1.35) and only weak evidence for migrants from Europe (excluding Scandinavia): IRR 1.35 (CI 0.98–1.84). Conversely, for the second generation rates of non-affective psychosis were increased for migrants from Africa in lower ethnic density neighbourhoods (comparing lowest and highest quintiles): IRR 3.97 (95% CI 1.81–8.69), Europe (excluding Scandinavia): IRR 1.82 (CI 1.28–2.59) and the Middle East: IRR 2.42 (CI 1.18–4.99).ConclusionsThere is strong evidence for an area ethnic density effect on psychosis incidence for second generation migrants, but not for first generation migrants. This could reflect a greater resilience among the latter group to the adverse effects of minority status.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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