Space-Optimized Tree: A Connection+Enclosure Approach for the Visualization of Large Hierarchies

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Vinh Nguyen ◽  
Mao Lin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Tree Structure ◽  
Relational Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Approach Space ◽  
Link Diagram ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Semantic Zooming ◽  
Tree Visualization

This paper describes a new approach, space-optimized tree, for the visualization and navigation of tree-structured relational data. This technique can be used especially for the display of very large hierarchies in a two-dimensional space. We discuss the advantages and limitations of current techniques of tree visualization. Our strategy is to optimize the drawing of trees in a geometrical plane and maximize the utilization of display space by allowing more nodes and links to be displayed at a limited screen resolution. Space-optimized tree is a connection+ enclosure visualization approach that recursively positions children of a subtree into polygon areas and still uses a node–link diagram to present the entire hierarchical structure. To be able to handle the navigation of large hierarchies, we use a new hybrid viewing technique that combines two viewing methods, the modified semantic zooming and a focus+ context technique. While the semantic zooming technique can enlarge a particular viewing area by filtering out the rest of tree structure from the visualization, the focus+context technique allows the user to interactively focus, view and browse the entire visual structure with a reasonable high-density display.

EncCon: An Approach to Constructing Interactive Visualization of Large Hierarchical Data

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Vinh Nguyen ◽  
Mao Lin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Data ◽  
Division Algorithm ◽  
Layout Algorithm ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Screen Space

This paper describes a new technique called EncCon for visualizing and navigating large hierarchical information. This technique consists of two components: visualization and navigation. Visualization uses a fast enclosure + connection method to calculate the geometrical layout for the display of large hierarchies in a two-dimensional space. Our technique uses a rectangular division algorithm for recursively positioning the graph. This visualization aims to maximize the utilization of display space while retaining a good geometrical layout as well as a clear (explicit) presentation of the hierarchical structure of graphs. This paper also presents an experimental evaluation of EncCon's layout algorithm. Besides the layout algorithm, EncCon uses a new focus + context viewing technique for the navigation of large hierarchies. We use the zooming + layering concept to achieve the focus + context viewing, rather than the traditional enlarge + embedded concept, which is used by most of the available focus + context techniques. Technically, it employs semi-transparency to achieve the display of two layers of information in z-coordination at the same visualization. Both context view and detail view are drawn at two separate layers. These layers are then displayed in an overlapped manner at the same physical screen space.

scholarly journals Topological fluid mechanics of stirring

2000 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 277-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP L. BOYLAND ◽  
HASSAN AREF ◽  
MARK A. STREMLER
Keyword(s):  
Finite Number ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Chaotic Advection ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Problem ◽  
Time Axis ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Dimensional Space Time ◽  
Flow Plane

A new approach to regular and chaotic fluid advection is presented that utilizes the Thurston–Nielsen classification theorem. The prototypical two-dimensional problem of stirring by a finite number of stirrers confined to a disk of fluid is considered. The theory shows that for particular ‘stirring protocols’ a significant increase in complexity of the stirred motion – known as topological chaos – occurs when three or more stirrers are present and are moved about in certain ways. In this sense prior studies of chaotic advection with at most two stirrers, that were, furthermore, usually fixed in place and simply rotated about their axes, have been ‘too simple’. We set out the basic theory without proofs and demonstrate the applicability of several topological concepts to fluid stirring. A key role is played by the representation of a given stirring protocol as a braid in a (2+1)-dimensional space–time made up of the flow plane and a time axis perpendicular to it. A simple experiment in which a viscous liquid is stirred by three stirrers has been conducted and is used to illustrate the theory.

scholarly journals Mental Representations of Values and Behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 089020702110343
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lins De Holanda Coelho ◽  
Paul H. P. Hanel ◽  
Mark K. Johansen ◽  
Gregory R. Maio
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Approach To Learning ◽  
Direct Assessment

The present research provides the first direct assessment of the fit of diverse behaviors to putatively related personal and social values from Schwartz’s theory. Across three studies, we examined spatial representations of value-related behaviors that were explicitly derived from people’s mental representations of the values. Participants were asked how similar the behaviors were to each other and various values, and these judgments were used to specify multidimensional scaling solutions. The results indicated that the spatial representation of the behaviors was consistent with the two-dimensional space described in Schwartz’s model of values, although several deviations occurred. For example, self-enhancement behaviors were widely spread, indicating more variation in the way individuals interpret these behaviors, which are often associated with other value types. These data provide evidence that a range of behaviors can at least partly be reduced to underlying motivations expressed by values. Furthermore, our findings indicate that behaviors are often expressed by several values, which might help to explain why value–behavior associations in previous studies were weak. Finally, they illustrate a new approach to learning which behaviors might relate to multiple values.

On the Classification of Fractal and Non-Fractal Objects in Two-Dimensional Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1232-1239
Author(s):  
P. M. Pustovoit ◽  
E. G. Yashina ◽  
K. A. Pshenichnyi ◽  
S. V. Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Two Dimensional

Political Cleavages and Political Parties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
New Left ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Cultural Policies ◽  
Policy Choices

This chapter uses the cleavage positions of Candidates to the European Parliament (CEPs) to as representative of their parties’ political positions. Three surveys of CEPs track the evolution of party supply in European party systems. In 1979 parties were primarily aligned along a Left–Right economic cleavage. Gradually new left and Green parties began to compete in elections and crystallized and represented liberal cultural policies. In recent decades new far-right parties arose to represent culturally conservative positions. The cross-cutting cultural cleavage has also prompted many of the established parties to alter their policy positions. In most multiparty systems, political parties now compete in a fully populated two-dimensional space. This increases the supply of policy choices for the voters. The analyses are based on the Candidates to the European Parliament Studies in 1979, 1994, and 2009.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Thematic Map Imaging of the Yacht Port on the Example of the Polish National Sailing Centre Marina in Gdańsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7016
Author(s):  
Pawel S. Dabrowski ◽  
Cezary Specht ◽  
Mariusz Specht ◽  
Artur Makar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Many

The theory of cartographic projections is a tool which can present the convex surface of the Earth on the plane. Of the many types of maps, thematic maps perform an important function due to the wide possibilities of adapting their content to current needs. The limitation of classic maps is their two-dimensional nature. In the era of rapidly growing methods of mass acquisition of spatial data, the use of flat images is often not enough to reveal the level of complexity of certain objects. In this case, it is necessary to use visualization in three-dimensional space. The motivation to conduct the study was the use of cartographic projections methods, spatial transformations, and the possibilities offered by thematic maps to create thematic three-dimensional map imaging (T3DMI). The authors presented a practical verification of the adopted methodology to create a T3DMI visualization of the marina of the National Sailing Centre of the Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport (Poland). The profiled characteristics of the object were used to emphasize the key elements of its function. The results confirmed the increase in the interpretative capabilities of the T3DMI method, relative to classic two-dimensional maps. Additionally, the study suggested future research directions of the presented solution.

scholarly journals Hyperbolic Center of Mass for a System of Particles in a Two-Dimensional Space with Constant Negative Curvature: An Application to the Curved 2-Body Problem

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Pedro Pablo Ortega Palencia ◽  
Ruben Dario Ortiz Ortiz ◽  
Ana Magnolia Marin Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Negative Curvature ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Simple Expression ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Constant Negative Curvature ◽  
Euclidean Case ◽  
System Of Particles ◽  
Material Points ◽  
The One

In this article, a simple expression for the center of mass of a system of material points in a two-dimensional surface of Gaussian constant negative curvature is given. By using the basic techniques of geometry, we obtained an expression in intrinsic coordinates, and we showed how this extends the definition for the Euclidean case. The argument is constructive and serves to define the center of mass of a system of particles on the one-dimensional hyperbolic sphere LR1.

scholarly journals Two-color two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy: A new approach for exploring even-order nonlinearities in the nonperturbative regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (15) ◽  
pp. 154203
Author(s):  
Michael Woerner ◽  
Ahmed Ghalgaoui ◽  
Klaus Reimann ◽  
Thomas Elsaesser
Keyword(s):  
Terahertz Spectroscopy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Even Order
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