scholarly journals Mapping out-of-school adolescents and youths in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Alegana ◽  
C. Pezzulo ◽  
A. J. Tatem ◽  
B. Omar ◽  
A. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
School Age ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Attendance Rates ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Out Of School

AbstractEducation is a human right and a driver of development, but, is still not accessible for a vast number of adolescents and school-age-youths. Out-of-school adolescents and youth rates (SDG 4.3.1) in lower and middle-income countries have been at a virtual halt for almost a decade. Thus, there is an increasing need to understand geographic variation on accessibility and school attendance to aid in reducing inequalities in education. Here, the aim was to estimate physical accessibility and secondary school non-attendance amongst adolescents and school-age youths in Tanzania, Cambodia, and the Dominican Republic. Community cluster survey data were triangulated with the spatial location of secondary schools, non-proprietary geospatial data and fine-scale population maps to estimate accessibility to all levels of secondary school education and the number of out-of-school. School attendance rates for the three countries were derived from nationally representative household survey data, and a Bayesian model-based geostatistical framework was used to estimate school attendance at high resolution. Results show a sub-national variation in accessibility and secondary school attendance rates for the three countries considered. Attendance was associated with distance to the nearest school (R2 > 70%). These findings suggest increasing the number of secondary schools could reduce the long-distance commuted to school in low-income and middle-income countries. Future work could extend these findings to fine-scale optimisation models for school location, intervention planning, and understanding barriers associated with secondary school non-attendance at the household level.

FISHING ACTIVITIES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RACHUONYO NORTH SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
GRACE AUMA OJIJO ◽  
Lucy Kibera
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Government

This study investigated the influence of fishing related activities on academic performance of secondary school students in Rachuonyo North Sub-County. The specific objectives were to examine the activities associated with fishing and determine how they influenced academic performance of secondary students in the Sub-County. The study targeted students and principals of the 49 secondary schools in Rachuonyo North Sub-county. The research used simple random sampling to select 14 public secondary schools and 20 Form Three students from each of the sampled schools. The total sample size was 292 respondents. Primary data was collected and analysed using quantitative and qualitative methods and then presented in tables in percentages. Data analysis was done using SPSS and the Microsoft Excel software. The study established that students participated in fishing activities while attending school. Major fishing activities that students engaged in included: actual fishing an agreement  index of 82.9% of students; repairing of fishing nets which was supported by 74.2% of students; setting of nets in the lake which was supported by 84.4% of students; and removal of fish from the nets which was agreed to by 83.9% of students. Some (91.7%) of the students believed that their counterparts who engaged in fishing activities tended to perform poorly in their classwork.  The study has recommended that parents, School Boards of Management and the communities along the beaches collaborate with each other in order to keep students from engaging in fishing activities for this likely to improve school attendance and academic performance of students. The Government should enforce compulsory basic education as well as provide it free to all children at this level of education.

scholarly journals Creation of the gender-equitable school index for secondary schools using principal components analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Bergenfeld ◽  
Emma C Jackson ◽  
Kathryn M Yount
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
School Level ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Components Analysis

Abstract Background Higher schooling attainment for girls is associated with improved maternal and child health outcomes. In low- and middle-income countries, girls drop out of school at higher rates than boys beginning in early adolescence due to factors such as son preference and lack of access to menstrual supplies. Methods Using principal components analysis, we created a gender-equitable school (GES) index with data from 159 secondary schools in Nepal to measure school-level factors that may influence girls' secondary school pass rates. Results A component describing girls’ safety and hygiene was positively associated with school-wide pass rates for girls, and to a lesser degree for boys. Conclusions The GES index has diagnostic and programmatic utility in programs aimed at supporting girls’ education and health.

Disability and school attendance in 15 low- and middle-income countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 388-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suguru Mizunoya ◽  
Sophie Mitra ◽  
Izumi Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
School Attendance ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

The Outcome of Adolescent School Phobia

1976 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Berg ◽  
Alan Butler ◽  
Gabrielle Hall
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Emotional Disturbance ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Phobia ◽  
High Intelligence

SummaryA hundred-and-twenty-five school phobic youngsters had been treated in a psychiatric in-patient unit for young adolescents of secondary school age over a seven-year period; a hundred of them were reviewed on average three years after discharge. About a third of cases were found to have improved little; they had persistent severe symptoms of emotional disturbance and continuing social impairment. Another third had improved appreciably and were affected by neurotic symptoms rather than social impairment. The remaining third had improved substantially or completely. School attendance difficulties had remained in about half of all cases. Subsequent difficulties in going to work were less pronounced. The best predictor of outcome was clinical state on discharge. High intelligence also emerged as a significant predictor of poor outcome. Five girls and a boy had already developed severe and persistent agoraphobic difficulties when reviewed. It was found that severe school phobia in early adolescence resembled adult affective disorders in some clinical features and in outcome.

scholarly journals Improving the global diagnosis and management of asthma in children

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren Lenney ◽  
Andrew Bush ◽  
Dominic A Fitzgerald ◽  
Monica Fletcher ◽  
Anders Ostrem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Attendance ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Specific Barriers ◽  
Selection Of

Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children worldwide. It affects daytime activities, sleep and school attendance and causes anxiety to parents, families and other carers. The quality of asthma diagnosis and management globally still needs substantial improvement. From infancy to the teenage years, there are age-specific challenges, including both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis with stigma-related barriers to treatment in some cultures and in adolescents. Guidelines are increasingly evidence based, but their impact on improving outcomes has been negligible in many parts of the world, often due to lack of implementation. New thinking is needed to enable substantial improvements in outcomes. The disease varies globally and plans will need to differ for individual countries or places where region-specific barriers prevent optimal care. A wide selection of educational activities is needed, including community-targeted initiatives, to engage with families. The Paediatric Asthma Project Plan has been initiated to strengthen diagnosis and management of asthma. This encompasses a vision for the next 10–15 years, building on the knowledge and experience from previous educational projects. It will take into account the educational needs of patients, carers and healthcare professionals as well as the accessibility and affordability of medication, particularly in low and middle-income countries where the prevalence of asthma is rising more rapidly. This overview presents a first step for those involved in the diagnosis and management of childhood asthma to strengthen care for children globally.

scholarly journals Microestimates of wealth for all low- and middle-income countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. e2113658119
Author(s):  
Guanghua Chi ◽  
Han Fang ◽  
Sourav Chatterjee ◽  
Joshua E. Blumenstock
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Many critical policy decisions, from strategic investments to the allocation of humanitarian aid, rely on data about the geographic distribution of wealth and poverty. Yet many poverty maps are out of date or exist only at very coarse levels of granularity. Here we develop microestimates of the relative wealth and poverty of the populated surface of all 135 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) at 2.4 km resolution. The estimates are built by applying machine-learning algorithms to vast and heterogeneous data from satellites, mobile phone networks, and topographic maps, as well as aggregated and deidentified connectivity data from Facebook. We train and calibrate the estimates using nationally representative household survey data from 56 LMICs and then validate their accuracy using four independent sources of household survey data from 18 countries. We also provide confidence intervals for each microestimate to facilitate responsible downstream use. These estimates are provided free for public use in the hope that they enable targeted policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic, provide the foundation for insights into the causes and consequences of economic development and growth, and promote responsible policymaking in support of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding support in low and middle-income countries: Secondary analysis of national survey data

Midwifery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 102601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Peven ◽  
Edward Purssell ◽  
Cath Taylor ◽  
Debra Bick ◽  
Velma K. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Just-in-time postnatal education programees to improve newborn care practices: needs and opportunities in low-resource settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. e002660
Author(s):  
Laura Subramanian ◽  
Seema Murthy ◽  
Prasad Bogam ◽  
Shirley D Yan ◽  
Megan Marx Delaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Education Model ◽  
Care Practices

Worldwide, many newborns die in the first month of life, with most deaths happening in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). Families’ use of evidence-based newborn care practices in the home and timely care-seeking for illness can save newborn lives. Postnatal education is an important investment to improve families’ use of evidence-based newborn care practices, yet there are gaps in the literature on postnatal education programees that have been evaluated to date. Recent findings from a 13 000+ person survey in 3 states in India show opportunities for improvement in postnatal education for mothers and families and their use of newborn care practices in the home. Our survey data and the literature suggest the need to incorporate the following strategies into future postnatal education programming: implement structured predischarge education with postdischarge reinforcement, using a multipronged teaching approach to reach whole families with education on multiple newborn care practices. Researchers need to conduct robust evaluation on postnatal education models incorporating these programee elements in the LMIC context, as well as explore whether this type of education model can work for other health areas that are critical for families to survive and thrive.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document