scholarly journals Characterization of multiterawatt laser-solid interactions for proton acceleration

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 4176-4184 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McKenna ◽  
K. W. D. Ledingham ◽  
I. Spencer ◽  
T. McCany ◽  
R. P. Singhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions

scholarly journals Proton acceleration by fast electrons in laser–solid interactions

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Fast Electron ◽  
Proton Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Fast Electrons ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions

The emission of high-energy protons in laser–solid interactions and the theories that have been used to explain it are briefly reviewed. To these theories we add a further possibility: the acceleration of protons inside the target by the electric field generated by fast electrons. This is considered using a simple one-dimensional model. It is found that for relativistic laser intensities and sufficiently long pulse durations, the proton energy gain is typically several times the fast electron temperature. The results are very similar to those obtained for proton acceleration by electron expansion into vacuum.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Weibel instability evolution in the rear surface density scale lengths of laser solid interactions via proton acceleration

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 043010 ◽  
Author(s):  
G G Scott ◽  
C M Brenner ◽  
V Bagnoud ◽  
R J Clarke ◽  
B Gonzalez-Izquierdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Density ◽  
Rear Surface ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Weibel Instability ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions ◽  
Density Scale

scholarly journals Efficient Laser-Driven Proton Acceleration from a Cryogenic Solid Hydrogen Target

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Polz ◽  
A. P. L. Robinson ◽  
A. Kalinin ◽  
G. A. Becker ◽  
R. A. Costa Fraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Solid Hydrogen ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Hydrogen Target ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Thermal Features ◽  
Terawatt Laser

Abstract We report on the successful implementation and characterization of a cryogenic solid hydrogen target in experiments on high-power laser-driven proton acceleration. When irradiating a solid hydrogen filament of 10 μm diameter with 10-Terawatt laser pulses of 2.5 J energy, protons with kinetic energies in excess of 20 MeV exhibiting non-thermal features in their spectrum were observed. The protons were emitted into a large solid angle reaching a total conversion efficiency of several percent. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations confirm our results indicating that the spectral modulations are caused by collisionless shocks launched from the surface of the the high-density filament into a low-density corona surrounding the target. The use of solid hydrogen targets may significantly improve the prospects of laser-accelerated proton pulses for future applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Small Focus on Electron Heating and Proton Acceleration in Ultrarelativistic Laser-Solid Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Dover ◽  
M. Nishiuchi ◽  
H. Sakaki ◽  
Ko. Kondo ◽  
M. A. Alkhimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Heating ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Small Focus ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions

scholarly journals Characterization of laser-driven proton beams from near-critical density targets using copper activation

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Willingale ◽  
S. R. Nagel ◽  
A. G. R. Thomas ◽  
C. Bellei ◽  
R. J. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Channel Formation ◽  
Channel Depth ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Energy Proton ◽  
Target Particle

Copper activation was used to characterize high-energy proton beam acceleration from near-critical density plasma targets. An enhancement was observed when decreasing the target density, which is indicative for an increased laser-accelerated hot electron density at the rear target-vacuum boundary. This is due to channel formation and collimation of the hot electrons inside the target. Particle-in-cell simulations support the experimental observations and show the correlation between channel depth and longitudinal electric field strength is directly correlated with the proton acceleration.

scholarly journals Characterization of two distinct, simultaneous hot electron beams in intense laser-solid interactions

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Cho ◽  
J. Osterholz ◽  
A. C. Bernstein ◽  
G. M. Dyer ◽  
A. Karmakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beams ◽  
Intense Laser ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions

scholarly journals Target charging effects on proton acceleration during high-intensity short-pulse laser-solid interactions

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (15) ◽  
pp. 2766-2768 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. N. Beg ◽  
M. S. Wei ◽  
A. E. Dangor ◽  
A. Gopal ◽  
M. Tatarakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Laser ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Proton Acceleration ◽  
Short Pulse Laser ◽  
Laser Solid Interactions

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

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