Low Cost, Versatile Highly Stable Constant Current Supply

1971 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1532-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick R. Kroeger ◽  
Wayne A. Rhinehart
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Constant Current

scholarly journals Towards One-Dollar Robots: An Integrated Design and Fabrication Strategy for Electromechanical Systems

Robotica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Wenzhong Yan ◽  
Ankur Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Electromechanical Systems ◽  
Robot Controller ◽  
Electrical Oscillation ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Sewing Threads ◽  
Polyester Film

SUMMARY To improve the accessibility of robotics, we propose a design and fabrication strategy to build low-cost electromechanical systems for robotic devices. Our method, based on origami-inspired cut-and-fold and E-textiles techniques, aims at minimizing the resources for robot creation. Specifically, we explore techniques to create robots with the resources restricted to single-layer sheets (e.g., polyester film) and conductive sewing threads. To demonstrate our strategy’s feasibility, these techniques are successfully integrated into an electromechanical oscillator (about 0.40 USD), which can generate electrical oscillation under constant-current power and potentially be used as a simple robot controller in lieu of additional external electronics.

Research and Analysis of a Portable Precision Temperature Sensor

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 1924-1931
Author(s):  
Hai Qing Yao ◽  
Heng Cao ◽  
Fei Jiang ◽  
Bo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Interference Signal ◽  
Constant Current Source ◽  
Differential Signal ◽  
Precision Temperature ◽  
Micro Control Unit

Based on the excellent performance of Pt100, a portable low-cost precision temperature sensor has been designed, whose core chips are REF03, AD8603, AD7788 and precision resistors. Constant current source (CCS) for 4-wire Pt100 is constituted by REF03, AD8603 and precision resistors. AD7788 measures the differential signal on Pt100 and suppresses the common mode interference signal. Analysis software running on the micro control unit (MCU) filters the digital code from AD7788, and then calculates the current temperature value according to the resistance-temperature mathematical model of Pt100. Analysis and experimental results show that the temperature measurement accuracy of the sensor can reach ±1°C within the range of 0°C-650°C.

Characterizations of ZnS/CuInS2 Film Fabricated by Electrochemical Deposition Process for Solar Cell Devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yih-Min Yeh ◽  
Hsiang Chen ◽  
Chuan Hao Liao ◽  
Ching Bang Chen ◽  
Bin Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulfur Atmosphere ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Zns Films

In this study, CuInS2 (CIS) films were fabricated by a two-step, non-vacuum process. Electrochemical deposition (ECD) was first used to prepare Cu-In precursors on Mo substrate under constant current. Then, CuInS2 films were prepared by sulfurization of the Cu-In precursors in sulfur atmosphere. The surface morphologies, compositions, and transmittance of the CuInS2 and ZnS films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and UV-VIS, respectively. The results show that a high-quality CIS thin film solar cells by low-cost, non-vacuum process could be obtained.

Design of High-Power LED Drive Circuit with Economical High Power Factor Based on NCP1200

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 1806-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Teng Wang ◽  
Yong Gao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
High Power ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Current Drive ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Led Driver ◽  
Amplitude Control ◽  
High Power Factor ◽  
High Power Led ◽  
Driver Circuit

This paper proposes a high-power LED driver circuit with economical high power factor based on universal chip NCP1200. NCP1200 itself doesn’t have the function of APFC, however, by adding a simple amplitude control circuit in the periphery without using special dedicated APFC chip, the APFC rectification mode can be achieved at work, which greatly reduce the pulse current caused by first-time rectification, the power factor can be as high as 98%, and it can achieve the goal of constant current drive in the meantime. The designed circuit is simple, low cost, stable and reliable work ability and it has high cost performance.

An extremely low noise, low cost, constant current supply

1993 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 2379-2381 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Ross ◽  
J. R. Davis ◽  
J. Dutra
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Constant Current

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of an Electrical Characterization System for Membrane Capacitive Deionization Units for the Water Treatment

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Federico A. Leon ◽  
Alejandro Ramos-Martin ◽  
David Santana
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Capacitive Deionization

The desalination of seawater is one of the most established techniques in the world. In the middle of the 20th century this was achieved using water evaporation systems, later with reverse osmosis membranes and nowadays with the possibility of capacitive deionization membranes. Capacitive deionization and membrane capacitive deionization are an emerging technology that make it possible to obtain drinking water with an efficiency of 95%. This technology is in the development stage and consists of porous activated carbon electrodes, which have great potential for saving energy in the water desalination process and can be used for desalination using an innovative technology called capacitive deionization (CDI), or membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) if an anion and cation membrane exchange is used. In this paper is proposed and designed a characterization system prototype for CDI and MCDI that can operate with constant current charging and discharging (galvanostatic method). Adequate precision has been achieved, as can be seen in the results obtained. These results were obtained from the performance of typical characterization tests with electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC), since they are electrochemical devices that behave similarly to MCDI, from the point of view of the electrical variables of the processes that take place in MCDI. A philosophy of using free software with open-source code has been followed, with software such as the Arduino and Processing programming editors (IDE), as well as the Arduino Nano board (ATmega328), the analogical-digital converter (ADC1115) and the digital-analogical converter (MCP4725). Moreover, a low-cost system has been developed. A robust and versatile system has been designed for water treatment, and a flexible system has been obtained for the specifications established, as it is shown in the results section.

scholarly journals Capacity Fade Analysis of Lithium-Ion Cells Utilizing Uncertainty Quantification Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Esfahanian ◽  
Saeed Akbari ◽  
Farzin Chaychizadeh ◽  
Hojat Dehghandorost
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have drawn attention in research due to their broad range of applications. To achieve low-cost and high reliable batteries, researchers have worked on a variety of degradation phenomena. Among them, the Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) layer is the most important degradation phenomenon and causes the cell to capacity fade and internal resistance raise. In this paper, a stochastic approach, based on the sparse Jacobi polynomial chaos expansion, is utilized to investigate the effect of the uncertainty sources on the lithium-ion battery aging. Furthermore, the importance of every uncertainty source is calculated by using Sobol indices. Capacity fade and resistance raise obtain at the end of the Constant Current-Constant Voltage (CC-CV) charging. The outcome of this study shows the most important parameters affecting capacity fade and voltage drop.

Mixtures of TiO2·0.2H2O and LiFePO4 as Li-ion Battery Cathode Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1592-1597
Author(s):  
Zi Jian Hong ◽  
Zi Long Tang ◽  
Yu Xing Xu ◽  
Ye Hong ◽  
Ao Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Parallel Model ◽  
High Specific Capacity ◽  
Voltage Plateau ◽  
Rate Property ◽  
Cycle Property

Mixtures of TiO2•0.2H2O (HTO) and LiFePO4 were prepared via three main composite methods: 2-2 series model, 2-2 parallel model and 3-3 model. HTO had been reported to exhibit high specific capacity (~200 mAh/g at 1 C) as well as excellent cycle property, whereas its voltage plateau was too low (about 1.7 V vs. Li) as a cathode material. LiFePO4 was a promising cathode material for its high voltage plateau (about 3.4 V vs. Li), low cost and high specific capacity (~150 mAh/g at 1 C). However, because of its low conductivity, the rate property as well as cycle property was limited. The mixtures of HTO and LiFePO4 were considered to combine the advantages of both materials. By comparison, the 2-2 parallel model excelled in both rate property and cycle property. Its specific capacity can reach as high as 220 mAh/g with a high specific energy of 450 Wh/Kg at 0.1 C. Even after cycled 200 times at 2 C, the capacity can still be higher than 100 mAh/g. CV measurements and a combined constant current and constant voltage tests supported a two plateaus process for 2-2 parallel model. The charge-discharge voltage gap increased for the 2-2 parallel composites, which was supposed to be related to the interface. In general, the specific energy was much higher than HTO while the specific capacity as well as cycle property was much better than LiFePO4 as a cathode material. .

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