Soft x-ray images of the laser entrance hole of ignition hohlraums

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 10E525 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Schneider ◽  
N. B. Meezan ◽  
S. S. Alvarez ◽  
J. Alameda ◽  
S. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 10E538 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Schneider ◽  
O. S. Jones ◽  
N. B. Meezan ◽  
J. L. Milovich ◽  
R. P. Town ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-456
Author(s):  
S. A. Smirnov

Dr. M. S. Znamensky. A case of removing a bullet from the left lung of a serviceman who was accidentally (blind) wounded from a machine gun during shooting practice at a distance of about a kilometer. Entrance hole on the anterior axillary line on the left. After the injury - severe shortness of breath, there was no hemoptysis, constant pain in the left side, deep breaths are especially painful. Fluoroscopy: a bullet not deformed in the left half of the chest, pointed outwards. When inhaled, it shifts downward. When viewed from the front, the bullet is vaguely contoured and appears larger than its normal size; from the rear it is clearly contoured and of normal size. Its level is the VIII rib at the back. The bullet was extracted under the direct control of X-rays through an incision in the back, along the 8th rib with partial excision of the last and adjacent 9th. Before opening the pleura, there are three sutures fixing the lungs. When the pleura was opened, the lung was grasped with fenestrated forceps and removed from the wound. The bullet was found in the extracted part of the lung at a depth of sant, under the visceral pleura in the granulating cavity. The lung wound was sutured with catgut sutures and fixed to the pleural wound. Iodoform graduate. Stitches for muscles and skin. The postoperative course is smooth and by the time of the demonstration (after about a month after the operation) the patient feels quite satisfactory. The X-ray tube was placed under the table, the screen, wrapped in a pillowcase with a cut out window, was superimposed on top. Lighting - for specific moments of the operation. Debate: Prof. P. M. Krasin, M. O. Friedland and V. L. Bogolyubov and pre-doc. VA Gusynin, who attributed the success of the operation to the skillful use in Kazan conditions for the first time of X-rays as a controller of the course of the operation.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
K. Masai ◽  
S. Hayakawa ◽  
F. Nagase

AbstractEmission mechanisms of the iron Kα-lines in X-ray binaries are discussed in relation with the characteristic temperature Txof continuum radiation thereof. The 6.7 keV line is ascribed to radiative recombination followed by cascades in a corona of ∼ 100 eV formed above the accretion disk. This mechanism is attained for Tx≲ 10 keV as observed for low mass X-ray binaries. The 6.4 keV line observed for binary X-ray pulsars with Tx> 10 keV is likely due to fluorescence outside the He II ionization front.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
J.C. Gauthier ◽  
J.P. Geindre ◽  
P. Monier ◽  
C. Chenais-Popovics ◽  
N. Tragin ◽  
...  

AbstractIn order to achieve a nickel-like X ray laser scheme we need a tool to determine the parameters which characterise the high-Z plasma. The aim of this work is to study gold laser plasmas and to compare experimental results to a collisional-radiative model which describes nickel-like ions. The electronic temperature and density are measured by the emission of an aluminium tracer. They are compared to the predictions of the nickel-like model for pure gold. The results show that the density and temperature can be estimated in a pure gold plasma.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
J.M. Laming ◽  
J.D. Silver ◽  
R. Barnsley ◽  
J. Dunn ◽  
K.D. Evans ◽  
...  

AbstractNew observations of x-ray spectra from foil-excited heavy ion beams are reported. By observing the target in a direction along the beam axis, an improvement in spectral resolution, δλ/λ, by about a factor of two is achieved, due to the reduced Doppler broadening in this geometry.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 259-261
Author(s):  
W.A. Brown ◽  
M.E. Bruner ◽  
L.W. Acton
Keyword(s):  

AbstractThe soft x-ray spectra recorded in two sounding rocket flights in 1982 and 1985 are compared with with predicted spectra. The poster presents the processed densitometer trace of the full spectrum together with the new spectrum from the 1985 experiment. This note compares the intensities of the lines with predictions.


Author(s):  
T. Wichertjes ◽  
E.J. Kwak ◽  
E.F.J. Van Bruggen

Hemocyanin of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) has been studied in nany ways. Recently the structure, dissociation and reassembly was studied using electron microscopy of negatively stained specimens as the method of investigation. Crystallization of the protein proved to be possible and X-ray crystallographic analysis was started. Also fluorescence properties of the hemocyanin after dialysis against Tris-glycine buffer + 0.01 M EDTA pH 8.9 (so called “stripped” hemocyanin) and its fractions II and V were studied, as well as functional properties of the fractions by NMR. Finally the temperature-jump method was used for assaying the oxygen binding of the dissociating molecule and of preparations of isolated subunits. Nevertheless very little is known about the structure of the intact molecule. Schutter et al. suggested that the molecule possibly consists of two halves, combined in a staggered way, the halves themselves consisting of four subunits arranged in a square.


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