Study of dependency of cold spray deposition efficiency upon gas temperature and nozzle traverse speed

Ti and Ti-6Al-4V coatings were deposited by cold gas dynamic spray process using nitrogen as propellant gas. For Ti, the inlet gas temperature and pressure were varied for two different powder morphologies in such a way that the average particle velocity ranged from ~600 to 850 m/s. In addition, the nozzle traverse speed was varied. For all conditions, the deposition efficiency, the porosity, and the microhardness were measured. It is shown that the porosity level decreased as the gas temperature and pressure increased, whereas the velocity, deposition efficiency, and microhardness increased. Furthermore, it is observed that a lower nozzle traverse speed engendered a softer coating. The coating adhesion on a grit 24 Al2O3 blasted mild steel surface was established to be greater than 78.8 MPa. In addition, a Ti-6Al-4V coating was produced and was determined to be slightly more porous compared to a CP Ti coating.

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Study on Metal/Diamond Binary Composite Coatings by Cold Spray

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.441 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 534-536 ◽

pp. 441-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hyung Jun Kim ◽

D.H. Jung ◽

J.H. Jang ◽

Chang Hee Lee

Keyword(s):

Cold Spray ◽

Spray Deposition ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

Spray Process ◽

Sprayed Coatings ◽

Binary Composite

Metal/diamond binary composite coatings on Al substrate without grit blasting were deposited by cold spray process with in-situ powder preheating. Microstructural characterization of the as-sprayed coatings with different diamond size, strength and with/without Ti coating on diamond was carried out by OM and SEM. The assessment of basic properties such as tensile bond strength and hardness of the coatings, and the deposition efficiency was also carried out. Particular attention on the composite coatings was on the diamond fracture phenomenon during the cold spray deposition and the interface bonding between the diamond and the Fe-based metal matrix.

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Cold spray deposition of thermoplastic powder for road marking

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201922101006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 221 ◽

pp. 01006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tatyana Brusentseva ◽

Vladislav Shikalov ◽

Vasiliy Fomin

Keyword(s):

Service Life ◽

Cold Spray ◽

Spray Deposition ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

High Wear Resistance ◽

Powder Materials ◽

Climatic Zones ◽

Noticeable Increase ◽

Spray Method ◽

Road Marking

The work is devoted to the deposition of polymer powder materials by cold spray method. Preliminary experimental results show that although an increase in the working air temperature leads to a noticeable increase in the deposition efficiency of thermoplastic (up to 0.05), it still remains low for cold spray. In the future, the proposed method for applying road marking will allow to obtain a coating with high wear resistance, increased service life, which can be used in various climatic zones in the temperature range from -40 °C to +40 °C, which will allow replacing water and solvent based paints with least service life.

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Characterisation of Cold Spray Titanium Coatings

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.898 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 654-656 ◽

pp. 898-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Stefan Gulizia ◽

A. Trentin ◽

S. Vezzù ◽

Silvano Rech ◽

Peter King ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Spray ◽

Laval Nozzle ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Spray Deposition ◽

Deposition Process ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Nitrogen Gas ◽

De Laval Nozzle ◽

Titanium Coatings ◽

Temperature And Pressure

Cold spray is a solid state spray deposition process utilizing a supersonic De Laval nozzle to accelerate fine particles to high velocities. Particles plastically deform on impact to the substrate and to each other to create dense well adhered structures. In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold spray Titanium coatings deposited using nitrogen gas at different gas temperature and pressure were examined. In general, it was found that gas-atomised CP-titanium powder is capable of producing dense coating structures on aluminium alloy (Al6061) substrates. The micro-hardness, oxygen and nitrogen content of the coatings were found to be slightly higher than powder in the as-received condition. It was also found the coating residual stress was purely compressive when cold spray is conducted at high gas pressure and temperature.

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Effect of gas temperature and nozzle traverse speed on the deposition efficiency in cold spraying

Thermophysics and Aeromechanics ◽

10.1134/s086986432101008x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

V. S. Shikalov ◽

S. V. Klinkov ◽

V. F. Kosarev

Keyword(s):

Cold Spraying ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

Gas Temperature

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Understanding the Cold Spray Deposition Characteristics of Mixed Metal Powders

MRS Advances ◽

10.1557/adv.2019.418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (55-56) ◽

pp. 2989-2995

Author(s):

Xin Chu ◽

Hanqing Che ◽

Stephen Yue

Keyword(s):

Cold Spray ◽

Spray Deposition ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

Metal Powders ◽

Substrate Interactions ◽

Mixed Metal ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Straightforward Method ◽

Significant Interest

ABSTRACTMixing metal powders in cold spray is of significant interest not only because it is a straightforward method to produce novel composites, but also it has been observed to generate beneficial effects, e.g. improved deposition efficiency (DE). However, the mechanisms behind DE improvements are still not clear fundamentally. In this paper, two examples of mixing metal powders effects in cold spray are introduced: 1) the first example focuses on the effects of different particle/substrate interactions which occurred during cold spray of SS/Fe mixed powders; 2) the second example presents the DE-improving effect of depositing mixed metal powders onto polymers. Various mechanisms associated with the cold spray deposition characteristics of mixed metal powders are discussed in this paper.

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Effects of Nano-Ceramic Particle Addition for Cold Sprayed Fluoropolymer Coatings

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.141 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 813 ◽

pp. 141-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. Lock Sulen ◽

Kesavan Ravi ◽

Chrystelle Bernard ◽

Nicolas Mary ◽

Yuji Ichikawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

Ceramic Particle ◽

Metallic Materials ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Deposition Technique ◽

Crystalline Polymers ◽

Modification Technique ◽

Particle Addition

Semi-crystalline polymers such as fluoropolymers are extremely difficult to coat with using solid-state deposition technique such as cold spray (CS) due to its high viscoelastic-viscoplastic behavior. Generally, fluoropolymers solid-state deposition using CS are characterized by a relatively low deposition efficiency (DE) as compared to metallic materials using this deposition technique. In this article, the study on the effect of hydrophobic fumed nanosilica (FNS) and fumed nanoalumina (FNA) in Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) solid-state deposition using CS has been studied. This study incorporated certain parameters related to the CS process. In addition, powder modification technique using hydrophobic FNS and FNA as additive to feedstock has been studied as well. The results show a number of parameters affected the DE; particle size, traverse speed, gas temperature, and addition of hydrophobic fumed nanoparticles, indicated a better DE. Moreover, PFA coating produced in this manner, retained its hydrophobicity.

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Cold Spray of Metallic Coatings on Polymer Based Composites for the Lightning Strike Protection of Airplane Structures

Thermal Spray 2021: Proceedings from the International Thermal Spray Conference ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2021p0087 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

F. Delloro ◽

A. Chebbi ◽

H. Perrin ◽

G. Ezo’o ◽

A. Bastien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Spray ◽

Composite Structures ◽

Spray Deposition ◽

Substrate Surface ◽

Cold Spraying ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

Lightning Strike ◽

Thin Polymer Film ◽

Metallic Coatings ◽

Metallic Particles

Abstract Unlike their metal counterparts; composite structures do not readily conduct away the electrical currents generated by lightning strikes. Cost reduction and expected production growth of the next middle range airplanes require automated manufacturing process of polymer components. The development of an automated technology to metallize polymer based composite for lightning strike protection is the aim of the CO3 project (EU Grant agreement: ID831979). In this study; thermal and electrical conductivities of composites were achieved by cold spray deposition of Cu or Al coatings. Critical points to be addressed were substrate erosion during cold spray; lack of polymer-metal adhesion and poor deposition efficiency. Several strategies were tested: i) a thin polymer film was cocured at the substrate surface before cold spraying; to enable implantation of metallic particles in the film; helping coating build-up and protecting the fibers of the composite. ii) Cold spraying a mix of metal and polymer powders to improve coating adhesion and prevent fiber damage. iii) Supercritical Nitrogen Deposition technology; prior to cold spray; to mechanically anchor metallic particles into the polymer. Subsequent cold spraying of purely metallic coatings was more efficient and showed better adhesion. All coatings were tested in terms of adhesion strength and electrical conductivity.

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