Industrial Change and Regional Development: The Case of the US Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industries

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1757-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gray ◽  
E Parker
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Biotechnology Industry ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
The Us ◽  
Development Experience ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

We examine the arguments surrounding the location and organization of innovative firms and examine the prospects for industry renewal and regional rejuvenation. We examine the effect of technological breakthroughs in the biotechnology industry on the organization and location of production with respect to mature and emergent regions. We find that, despite losing much of their preeminence in research and development, traditional firms in mature regions have managed to ‘capture’ a substantial amount of manufacturing and marketing. The drug-development experience, manufacturing capabilities, and marketing channels of more established companies in mature regions are turning out to be major sources of competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Building biotechnology in India – Drugs are not the answer

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biotechnology Industry ◽  
Industrial Biotechnology ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
The Us ◽  
Per Se

Ihave had the pleasure of participating in national forums on biotechnology development in diverse countries. A common theme I see is that emerging economies wish to develop ‘a biotechnology industry like the United States.’ I generally temper these ambitions by explaining that the United States does not have a biotechnology industry per se, but rather a handful of states have very strong biotechnology concentrations and many other states are still trying to build their domestic biotechnology industries. So the lesson for many emerging economies is to set ambitions at the US-state level rather than the US-national level. Furthermore, I also caution against aiming for drug development. Drug development is extremely expensive and risky—focusing on domestic agricultural or industrial biotechnology opportunities may be a better option.

Technology Transfer in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing - A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit B Patil ◽  
Bharath Kumar B ◽  
Ajay P Karnalli
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
R And D ◽  
Production Shop ◽  
Execution Procedures

Technology Transfer (TT) is vital action from drug development in Research and Development (R and D) Department to commercial manufacturing till the product discontinuation. This review is an attempt to give an insight about the transfer of pharmaceutical product from R and D to production including necessary documents required to review the supporting documents and execution procedures in production shop floor. TT is considered effective, if there is a documented evidence that the process and its parameters, repeatedly results in desired product quality which was established upon during TT between the transferee and transferor. For the execution of TT process, expertise from different department such as Engineering, R and D, QA, process analyst and production are teamed. the transmission comprises of arrangements procured in these flows of improvement to achieve the quality as planned throughout manufacture.

scholarly journals Competitiveness of the Sugarcane Cluster in Goianesia-GO, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Jhon Sebastian Castiblanco ◽  
Alcido Elenor Wander
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Adoption Of Technology ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
A Company

The present study aims to analyze the competitiveness of the chain of sugarcane cluster that is located in Goianesia (Goiás state, Brazil) and in nearby municipalities like Barro Alto, Santa Rita and Vila Propicio. It was used Michael Porter’s Diamond of Competitiveness, which lets to study the competitiveness of a company, cluster or country, by four factors: demand conditions, factor conditions, context for firm strategy and rivalry and related and supporting industries. To build the Diamond of Competitiveness was used secondary and primary information, where the latter was collected by interviewing the key actors inside and outside the Jalles Machado, central company of the cluster analyzed. In terms of results they were found several interesting aspects that affect (positively and negatively) competitiveness of the cluster. It was identified, for instance, how investment in research and development, as well as the adoption of technology, are key for the central company of the cluster to facing the physical constraints of the Goianesian soil, and how this contribute to the cluster competitiveness against other actors that are in better conditions. In addition, the cooperation between cluster’s stakeholders - which makes the central company and its partners identify together the cluster's weaknesses and work on a solution- was identified as a key factor in creating competitive advantage. The paper presents the factors that affect both positively and negatively the competitiveness of Goianésia’s cane sugar cluster, leaving available the necessary inputs for policy makers drawing strategies for improving the competitiveness of this cluster.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CYBERSECURITY TECHNOLOGIES ABROAD

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
D.B. Izyumov ◽  
E.L. Kondratyuk
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
The Us ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Cloud Environments

The article discusses the concept of cybersecurity and its features, presents a list of US regulatory documents in the field of cyberspace and cybersecurity, as well as significant research and development work and programs in the field of development of cybersecurity technologies conducted by the Department of Advanced Research Projects of the US Department of Defense (DARPA). The most common foreign technologies used to protect computers, smart devices, routers, networks and cloud environments, as well as the main scientific and technological problems of the development of cybersecurity technologies, are summarized.

scholarly journals The Role of Virtual Teams in Increasing the Number of Innovations and Developing Competitive Advantage - Exploratory Data Analysis Study –: دور الفرق الافتراضية في تحسين الابتكار وزيادة الميزة التنافسية - دراسة تحليلية –

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (13) ◽  
pp. 162-143
Author(s):  
Fatimah Mohamed Mahdy Fatimah Mohamed Mahdy
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Exploratory Data Analysis ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Positive Direct

This paper attempts to discover the role that virtual teams play in increasing the number of innovations in the research and development (R&D) department in global companies, and the extent to which this affects achieving a competitive advantage for the organizations under study (SAMSUNG, LG, IBM, and Toyota). The research was based on the method of exploratory analysis of data as the method of the study, and to achieve this goal, the researcher collected data on the number of hypothetical employees assigned to the research and development department in those companies compared to investments and sales and related to the number of innovations during the period between 2009- 2016. The research was based on the method of exploratory data analysis as a method for the study and analysis of the data used. The results of the research concluded that there is a positive direct relationship between the previous variables. Virtual teams are also one of the most important modern methods used in modern business enterprises and their necessity as a result of increasing response and shifting from serial work to simultaneous and parallel work to increase innovation, which leads to an increase in the competitive advantage of these organizations. The study recommends the need to pay attention to building effective virtual teams within organizations because of their essential advantages and to overcome the most important challenges that hinder the effectiveness and success of these teams. By increasing collaboration, interaction and efficiency leadership.

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