ROLE OF TERRESTRIAL SEQUESTRATION IN MEETING KYOTO TARGETS

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
I.R. Noble
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Geological Sequestration ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Global Carbon

There is strong scientific consensus that the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is increasing due to human activities and that this is leading to changes in the Earth’s climate. Fluxes between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere are a significant component of the global carbon cycle and actions to increase net storage in terrestrial ecosystems (often called sinks) will delay the build up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. There is still political debate as to which sinks may be accounted in compliance with the Kyoto Protocol. The decisions made will affect the total costs of compliance with the Kyoto Protocol by a factor or two to four. Geological sequestration may also reduce emissions by an amount of the same order as sequestration in terrestrial sinks. Biological and geological sequestration offer a significant opportunity to buy several decades of time to make an efficient transition to technologies and economies that release less greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere from energy production and industrial processes.

scholarly journals Microbial evolution reshapes soil carbon feedbacks to climate change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Abs ◽  
Scott R. Saleska ◽  
Regis Ferriere
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Microbial Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Microbial Decomposition ◽  
Microbial Responses ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Global Carbon

AbstractMicrobial decomposition of soil organic matter is a key component of the global carbon cycle. As Earth’s climate changes, the response of microbes and microbial enzymes to rising temperatures will largely determine the soil carbon feedback to atmospheric CO2. However, while increasing attention focuses on physiological and ecological mechanisms of microbial responses, the role of evolutionary adaptation has been little studied. To address this gap, we developed an ecosystem-evolutionary model of a soil microbe-enzyme system under warming. Constraining the model with observations from five contrasting sites reveals evolutionary aggravation of soil carbon loss to be the most likely outcome; however, temperature-dependent increases in mortality could cause an evolutionary buffering effect instead. We generally predict a strong latitudinal pattern, from small evolutionary effects at low latitude to large evolutionary effects at high latitudes. Accounting for evolutionary mechanisms will likely be critical for improving projections of Earth system responses to climate change.

Introduction to this special section: The role of geophysics in a net-zero-carbon world

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-244
Author(s):  
Ismael Himar Falcon-Suarez ◽  
Arpita Pal Bathija
Keyword(s):  
Special Section ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Gas Release ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Global Carbon

Human activities are changing the earth's climate, causing increasingly disruptive social and ecological impacts. These impacts can be reduced if global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reach net zero in the near future. A net-zero-carbon world can be achieved by using energy more efficiently and responsibly; transitioning toward energy sources, products, and services that minimize greenhouse gas release; and implementing existing and novel technologies to remove and store CO2 from the atmosphere.

scholarly journals European Carbon Budget for Greenhouse Gasses Emissions: Filling the Trajectory Gap

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Perissi ◽  
Sara Falsini ◽  
Ugo Bardi ◽  
Davide Natalini ◽  
Michael Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Global Carbon Budget ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Reduction ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Global Carbon ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The Global Carbon Budget is the cumulative carbon emissions that human activities can generate while limiting the global temperature increase to less than 2°C. On this basis, most countries ratified the Paris Agreement 2015, pledging to reduce national emissions and the impacts of climate change. The European Union has planned to reduce emissions by 80% of their 1990 value by 2050 but such a target needs to be coupled with a further constraint on the cumulative greenhouse gases released along the path to 2050. The aim and the novelty of this study are to propose, for the first time, a carbon budget for the European Union, which represents the most significant physical characteristic to assess the feasibility of current EU-28 greenhouse gas reduction objectives under the goals of the 2015 Paris treaty

Energy Management of Electromechanical Systems on the Board of a Ship

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Laurențiu Bogdan Asalomia ◽  
Gheorghe Samoilescu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Productive Time

AbstractThe paper analyzes, starting from the Integrated Management System, the role of automation, the role of the officer and the role of the Energy Management System on board the ship. The implementation of an EnMS establishes the structure and discipline of identifying energy flows, implementing management actions and, finally, applying technical solutions, which significantly reduce energy costs, reduce non-productive time in production, and reduce emissions. of Greenhouse Gases in the environment. The steps to be highlighted in the realization of energy management are analyzed.

Senkenanrechnung gemäss Kyoto-Protokoll: Perspektiven für die Waldwirtschaft | Taking carbon sinks into account according to the Kyoto Protocol: a prospect for the forest sector

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (9) ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Richard Volz
Keyword(s):  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Carbon Sinks ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Trading Market ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction Target ◽  
Actual Target

The Kyoto Protocol makes provisions for carbon sinks from forest management to be taken into account as a contribution towards fulfilling a country's emission reduction target. Additional emission allowances are allocated for these forest carbon sinks. If Switzerland uses this extra contingent of allowances to the full it would then only have to reduce emissions by 4.5% instead of the actual target of 8%. Emission allowances from carbon sinks can be traded on the emissions trading market and be claimed by forest owners. An assessment of the income that could be anticipated was carried out in four forestry companies: with the CO2 price set at 10 CHF per ton it was seen that a potential revenue of between 6 and 71 CHF per hectare and year could be realised. However, the legal basis for allocating emission allowances from carbon sinks to forest owners has yet to be created. In view of the fact that the two chambers of Parliament refused the introduction of the Forests Act Revision Bill, it is not clear if and in what form this will be done. For the period after 2012, the rules will be renegotiated at the international level and it is expected that the carbon stored in harvested wood products will be taken into account. Accordingly, wood removed from the forest would no longer be automatically counted as a CO2 source in the emission balance.

Anrechnung der CO2-Senken des Schweizer Waldes: Grundlagenpapier und Empfehlungen | Accounting of CO2 sinks in Swiss forests. Working paper and recommendations

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 438-441
Author(s):  
Arbeitsgruppe Wald- und ◽  
Holzwirtschaft im Klimaschutz
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

With the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gases, Switzerland is committed to reducing CO2emissions by 4.2 million tonnes by 2008. The forests in Switzerland could contribute to the country's national carbon balance with maximum 1.8 million tonnes reduction of CO2. With an increased use of the forest the emissions could be reduced by up to 2 million tonnes by the substitution of other materials. With a targeted forest management policy carbon sink reduction and the substitution value of the forest could be balanced against one another. In the framework of climate policy the Federal government should create the legal and organisational conditions for this.

The Fight to Save Welfare for Low-Income Older Asian Immigrants: The Role of National Asian American Organizations

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Asian Immigrants ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Welfare Reform Law ◽  
Selection Of

The welfare reform law of August 1996 signed by President Bill Clinton put an end to immigrants’ eligibility of federal means tested entitlements. The rollbacks on welfare are the most drastic for older, low-income Asian immigrants who are on Supplemental Security Income. The article’s focus is in on national Asian American organizations who are involved in this political debate. The central question discuss is how did national Asian American organizations characterize and affect the 1996 federal welfare reform and immigrant debate. The selection of organizations that was studied and the findings of that investigation, along with the assessment of its effectiveness and the resources barriers they face are discussed.

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