Metabolic and endocrine profiles of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland. 2. Effects of body condition score at calving, type of suckling restriction and flushing on plasmatic and productive parameters

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 862 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Soca ◽  
M. Carriquiry ◽  
M. Claramunt ◽  
G. Ruprechter ◽  
A. Meikle
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Endocrine Profiles ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Condition Score

The objective of the present experiment was to analyse the effect of body condition score (BCS) at calving, type of suckling restriction and flushing on metabolic and endocrine profiles, and productive and reproductive responses of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland. Primiparous beef (n = 56) cows in anestrus classified by BCS at calving (low ≤3.5 and moderate ≥4; 1–8 visual scale) were assigned randomly to four treatments in a two by two factorial arrangement of type of suckling restriction and flushing. Type of suckling restriction started at 55 ± 10 days postpartum (DPP ± s.e.m.; Day 0 = initiation of the treatment) and consisted of applying nose plates to calves for 12 days (i.e. TS treatment) or 5 days of isolation of the cow–calf pair, followed by applying nose plates to calves for 7 days as calves were reunited with their mothers (i.e. IS treatment). Immediately after the suckling restriction treatments were finished, the breeding season started, and each cow received (flushing group) or not (control group) 2 kg/day (fresh basis) of whole-rice middling for 22 days. The BCS was superior in moderate-BCS cows through the experiment. The type of suckling restriction did not affect any plasma parameter, but insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations increased in all cows during suckling restriction. Cholesterol concentration was affected by flushing × day interaction (P < 0.05), while insulin and IGF-I concentrations were affected by the interaction among BCS at calving, flushing and days (P < 0.03). Flushing increased cholesterol concentration in both BCS groups at calving, while insulin and IGF-I concentrations increased during flushing only in moderate-BCS cows. Suckling restriction, flushing, and BCS at calving did not affect calf weight or milk production. Moderate BCS cows had a shorter postpartum anestrous interval (PPI) (98 vs 123 DPP; P < 0.01). Isolated type of suckling reduced postpartum anestrous interval when compared with TS treatment (97 vs 115 DPP, P < 0.05). Early pregnancy rate was greater in flushed than in control cows (0.8 vs 0.55, P < 0.01) and in moderate-BCS cows than in low-BCS cows (0.84 vs 0.46, P < 0.01). Total pregnancy rate was also greater in flushed and moderate cows and tended to be affected by the interaction between flushing and BCS at calving (P = 0.06; flushed cows: moderate = 1 vs low = 0.5, P < 0.08; and control cows: moderate = 0.8 vs low = 0.4, P < 0.09). These results confirmed the great value of suckling restriction and flushing during post-calving and relevance of BCS at calving as a link between energetic nutrition and metabolic and reproductive processes in primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland.

Metabolic and endocrine profiles of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland. 1. Relationships between body condition score at calving and metabolic profiles during the transition period

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Soca ◽  
M. Carriquiry ◽  
M. Claramun ◽  
V. Gestido ◽  
A. Meikle
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Condition Score

The body condition score (BCS) at calving has been postulated as the main factor in the interaction of nutrition and reproduction in beef-cow ecosystems. The objective of the present study was to analyse the effect of BCS at calving on endocrine and metabolic profiles during the transition period in primiparous Hereford cows (n = 56) grazing native grassland. Cow BCS was registered and plasma insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and metabolites (concentrations of urea, albumin, cholesterol, total protein, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)) were determined in plasma from –30 to +45 days postpartum (DPP). The effect of BCS at calving (low ≤3.5 and moderate ≥4; 1–8 visual scale) on BCS evolution and hormone and metabolite concentrations were analysed using a time repeated-measures analysis. Cow BCS, NEFA, urea and IGF-I profiles were affected (P < 0.05) by the BCS at calving and DPP interaction, while insulin tended (P = 0.06) to be affected only by BCS at calving. The low-BCS cows presented a smaller loss of BCS during the prepartum than did moderate-BCS cows, and a delayed BCS recovery during the postpartum. The increase in plasma NEFA was greater (P < 0.05) and started earlier during the prepartum period in the low-BCS cows. Protein concentrations increased during prepartum to +30 DPP, while albumin and urea concentrations were maintained until calving and decreased during the postpartum. Urea concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) during prepartum in low-BCS cows. Concentrations of IGF-I and insulin were greater (P < 0.05) in moderate- than low-BCS cows during prepartum, but did not differ between the groups after calving. No effects were observed in calf weight or milk production at +45 DPP. The association between BCS during prepartum and at calving with the endocrine and metabolic profiles (positive: insulin, IGF-I; negative: NEFA and urea) reflected a better nutritional status and plasticity to negative energy balance on moderate cows. This different endocrine milieu did not affect calf weight and/or milk production. In conclusion, the BCS at calving affected the metabolic and endocrine profile during the transition period of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland.

Impacts of body condition score at beginning of fixed-timed AI protocol and subsequent energy balance on ovarian structures, estrus expression, pregnancy rate and embryo size of Bos indicus beef cows

2022 ◽  
pp. 104823
Author(s):  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Renan Barbosa Lecciolli ◽  
Eduardo de Assis Lima ◽  
Raizza Fátima Abadia Tulux Rocha ◽  
Rafaela Nunes Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Embryo Size ◽  
Condition Score

Effects of supplementation and stocking rate on body condition and production parameters of multiparous beef cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Renquist ◽  
J. W. Oltjen ◽  
R. D. Sainz ◽  
J. M. Connor ◽  
C. C. Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Condition Score

AbstractFall-calving multiparous Angus × Hereford cows 3 to 10 years of age were stratified by age in a three by two factorial treatment arrangement to evaluate the efficacy of modifying stocking rate and supplementation strategy to manage cow body condition and production parameters over a 5-year study. Efficacy was evaluated quarterly in association with calving, breeding, weaning, and mid way between weaning and calving (i.e. in August). Three protein supplementation strategies (none, standard, strategic) were imposed across both a moderate (0·3 cows per ha) and a high (0·4 cows per ha) stocking rate. In the strategically supplemented group, protein supplement was provided to cows with a body condition score <5·5 at the quarterly evaluations. There was an effect of supplementation on pregnancy rate, which in combination with previously established culling practices resulted in different age profiles amongst supplementation strategies in years 2 to 5 (P < 0·01). Two statistical analyses were therefore conducted to dissociate the confounding effects of supplementation strategy and age. One model included the effect of stocking rate, supplementation strategy, production year, and all interactions; the second included the addition of age and its interactive effects. Stocking rate and supplementation strategy affected pregnancy rate in each of the models (P = 0·003 and P = 0·10, respectively). Standard, non-supplemented and strategically supplemented animals had estimated pregnancy rates of 0·83, 0·76, and 0·79, respectively (P = 0·10). The effects of nutrition on both calving interval and birth weight were independent of the model employed. Animals that were not supplemented had extended calving intervals (P = 0·06), but there was no effect of stocking rate (P > 0·10). Birth weight was not affected by supplementation strategy or stocking rate (P > 0·10). The lower 205-day weights of calves on a heavy compared with moderate stocking rate was independent of age (P = 0·02). However, the increased 205-day weight of calves born to strategically supplemented cows compared with those born to unsupplemented cows was only evident when data were not corrected for differences in age among groups (P = 0·03). Likewise, analyses of cow condition parameters using models without and with age resulted in different interpretations. These results suggest that strategic and standard supplementation result in similar animal performance and that the improvement in herd productivity associated with altering stocking rate and supplementation may partially be due to altered herd age dynamics.

scholarly journals The use of insulin to improve fertility of timed-inseminated postpartum suckled beef cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1219-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Luiz Francisco Machado Pfeifer ◽  
Eduardo Schmitt ◽  
Ivan Bianchi ◽  
Marcelo Brandi Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of insulin alone or in association with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on the fertility of postpartum beef cows subjected to synchronization. A total of 340 cows was subjected to fixed time artificial insemination. In the trial 1, the cows were subjected to temporary weaning (TW), while in the trial 2 the same protocol was tested without TW. The addition of an insulin injection to a progesterone/eCG-based protocol without TW increased the pregnancy rate of beef cows with body condition score (BCS) equal to or lower than 2.5. Insulin had no effect on cows submitted to TW or with BCS equal to or higher than 3.0.

10 EFFECT OF ESTRADIOL BENZOATE OR hCG ON DAY 22 AFTER TIMED ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ON THE CORPUS LUTEUM SIZE, PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION, AND PREGNANCY RATE IN RESYNCHRONIZED BEEF HEIFERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
J. B. S. Borges ◽  
H. L. D. Neri ◽  
M. R. Almeida ◽  
E. P. Silva ◽  
A. Bilha
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
And Control

This study aimed to compare the effects of 2 inducers of new follicular wave [oestradiol benzoate (EB) or hCG] administrated at onset of resynchronization protocols initiated 22 days after the first timed AI (TAI) of beef heifers. We evaluated the effect of treatments on corpus luteum (CL) development, serum progesterone (P4) concentrations, and pregnancy rates. A total of 467 grazing Brangus heifers, with 24- to 26-months, 320 ± 10 kg of body weight, and 3.2 ± 0.5 body condition score, were utilised. The resynchronization protocol began 22 days after the first TAI (Day 22). Heifers were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 groups: EB (n = 199), hCG (n = 101), or control untreated (n = 167). The EB- and hCG-treated heifers received an intravaginal P4 device (Procliclar, 0.75 g of P4; Hertape, Brazil) and an IM treatment with 1 mg of EB (Benzoato HC, Hertape) or 1000 IU of hCG (Vetecor 5000, Hertape), respectively. On Day 30, P4 device was removed, and the pregnancy diagnosis was performed. At this time heifers had the CL area (cm2) determined by ultrasound and seric P4 concentration evaluated by chemiluminescence assay. The assay sensitivity was 0.1 ng mL–1, and the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 7.9 and 10.6%, respectively. Nonpregnant heifers after the first TAI (EB = 97, hCG = 36) received intramuscularly 150 μg of sodium cloprostenol (Veteglan Luteolítico, Hertape) and 1 mg of oestradiol cypionate (Cipionato HC, Hertape). The second TAI was performed 48 to 52 h after the P4 device removal. On Day 62, heifers were submitted to a second pregnancy diagnosis. No effect of the body condition score (P = 0.28) was observed on the first and second pregnancy per AI. Pregnancy rates after the first TAI were higher (P = 0.03) on hCG-treated heifers (64.4%) than EB (51.3%) or the control group (58.7%). The EB group determined greater (P = 0.04) pregnancy rate after the second TAI (49.5%) than the hCG group (22.2%). The cumulative pregnancy rates were similar (P = 0.46) between groups [EB (72.4%) and hCG (68.3%)]; however, both were greater (P < 0.05) than the control group (58.6%). Heifers treated with hCG (3.42 ± 0.76) presented greater CL area at Day 30 (P < 0.05) than the EB (2.44 ± 0.57) and control (2.61 ± 0.61) groups. The treatment with hCG 22 days after TAI determined greater (12.43 ± 3.48; P < 0.05) serum P4 concentrations on Day 30 than the EB (6.92 ± 3.04) and control (7.29 ± 2.45) groups. Therefore, the use of hCG at the beginning of resynchronization protocol 22 days after the TAI increased pregnancy rate following the first TAI. However, the use of 1 mg of EB determined greater pregnancy rate after the second TAI, and no detrimental effects on CL development, P4 concentration, and on first TAI pre-established pregnancy.

scholarly journals Gestation Rate in Beef Cows with Different Calving Orders Submitted to FTAI Protocol: Effects of Body Condition, Number of Progesterone Intravaginal Device Uses and Bull

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Lucas Balinhas Farias ◽  
Matheus Wrege Meireles Barbosa ◽  
Matheus Gomes Lopes ◽  
Gabriel Weizenmann Fernandes ◽  
Ana Laura Aita Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Category Type ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Reproductive Rates

The search for better reproductive rates in beef cattle breeding must consider some important issues, such as nutrition, health, animal category, type of reproductive technique, and selection of animals. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the body condition score (BCS), the number of uses of the intravaginal progesterone device and the effect of the bull on the gestation rate of lactating beef cows, with different calving orders, submitted to a fixed timed artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. In the study, 623 Aberdeen Angus cows were used, which were categorized into three groups according to the calving order: primiparous cows, second-parity cows, and multiparous cows. On day zero of the FTAI protocol, an evaluation of the BCS of the cows was performed, using progesterone intravaginal devices (IVD) for 9 days, starting from the D0 of the protocol both for used and new IVD. Semen from three different Aberdeen Angus breeders was used. Statistical analysis was made in the NCSS 7.0 software, using the Chi-square test and a significance value of p<0.05. The calving order influenced the pregnancy rate, with the category of primiparous cows having the lowest rates (p<0.05). The BCS and the number of uses of the IVD showed significance only in the primiparous category, in which animals with BCS equal or above 3.5 obtained a higher pregnancy rate, as well as animals with second-use IVD when compared to other groups (p <0.05). Therefore, primiparous cows presented a lower pregnancy rate when compared to the other categories, as well as the BCS and the number of uses of the IVD.

scholarly journals Relationship between the indexes of insulin resistance and metabolic status in dairy cows during early lactation

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Cincović ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Ivan Vujanac ◽  
Branislava Belić ◽  
Radojica Djoković
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Linear Correlations

AbstractInsulin resistance is a phenomenon which accompanies the ongoing metabolic adaptation in cows during early lactation. The aim of our study was to determine the linear correlations of HOMA (Homeostatic Model Assessment), QUICKI (Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index) and RQUICKI (Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index) indexes of insulin resistance with the metabolic status of cows (concentration of hormones, metabolites and body condition score). The experiment included 40 Holstein-Frisian cows in the first week after calving. Indexes of insulin resistance valued: 18.68±5.43 (HOMA), 0.39±0.06 (QUICKI) and 0.45±0.06 (RQUICKI). Linear correlations were examined by testing the coefficient of correlation (r), determination (r2,%) and regression parameter beta (b) in linear equation. A negative correlation was found between HOMA and IGF-I (insulin growth factor I) (r=−0.51, r2=25.0, b=−1.1257, p<0.01). HOMA showed a positive correlation with BHB (betahidroxybutyrate) (r=0.48, r2=23.2, b=0.0234, p<0.01). A positive correlation was found between QUICKI and IGF-I (r=0.30, r2=10.0 b=46.7900, p<0.05) and cholesterol (r=0.44, r2=18.3, b=1.9021, p<0.01). In contrast, QUICKI and BHB (r=0.51, r2=27.1, b=−1.7241, p<0.01), just like QUICKI and BCS (r=0.46, r2=20.9, b=−2.424, p<0.01), showed a negative correlation. RQUICKI showed positive correlations with IGF-I (r=0.48, r2=22.8, b=28.1230, p<0.01), T4 (r=0.47, r2=22.1, b=87.142, p<0.01) and triglycerides (r=0.36, r2=13, b=0.0407, p<0.05) but negative correlations with cortisol (r=−0.36, r2=13.0, b=−9.0332, p<0.05), STH (somatotropic hormone) (r=−0.42, r2=17.3, b=−5.4976, p<0.01), BHB (r=−0.62, r2=38.3, b=−1.1872, p<0.01), total bilirubin (r=−0.58, r2=33.7, b=−7.131, p<0.01) and BCS (body condition score) (r=−0.6, r2=36.4, b=−1.8347, p<0.01). In conclusion, indexes of insulin resistance may be used to evaluate the metabolic status of cows in early lactation. RQUICKI might be the most appropriate predictor of metabolic status due to its linear relationship with most of the parameters included in homeorhetic process.

Male traits and herd reproductive capability in tropical beef cattle. 2. Genetic parameters of bull traits

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Corbet ◽  
B. M. Burns ◽  
D. J. Johnston ◽  
M. L. Wolcott ◽  
D. H. Corbet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Mass Activity ◽  
Percent Normal

A total of 4063 young bulls of two tropical genotypes (1639 Brahman and 2424 Tropical Composite) raised in northern Australia were evaluated for a comprehensive range of production and reproduction traits up to 24 months of age. Prior to weaning, peripheral blood concentrations of luteinising hormone (LH) and inhibin were measured at 4 months of age. At weaning (6 months) blood insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and flight time were recorded. Body composition traits of fat depth and eye-muscle area were determined by ultrasonography at 15 months of age when additional measurements of liveweight, hip height and body condition score were recorded. Bull breeding soundness was evaluated at ~12, 18 and 24 months of age when measurements of scrotal circumference, sheath score, semen mass activity, progressive motility of individual sperm and percent morphologically normal sperm were recorded. Magnitude of heritability and genetic correlations changed across time for some traits. Heritability of LH, inhibin, IGF-I and of 18-month scrotal circumference, mass activity, progressive motility and percent normal sperm was 0.31, 0.74, 0.44, 0.75, 0.24, 0.15 and 0.25, respectively, for Brahmans and 0.48, 0.72, 0.36, 0.43, 0.13, 0.15 and 0.20, respectively, for Tropical Composites. Inhibin and IGF-I had moderate genetic association with percent normal sperm at 24 months in Brahmans but low to negligible associations in Tropical Composites. Body condition score in Brahmans and sperm motility (mass and individual) traits in both genotypes had moderate to strong genetic correlation with percent normal sperm and may prove useful candidates for indirect selection. There is scope to increase scrotal circumference by selection and this will be associated with favourable correlated responses of improved semen quality in both genotypes. The lack of genetic antagonism among bull traits indicates that selection for improved semen quality will not adversely affect other production traits.

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