scholarly journals Gestation Rate in Beef Cows with Different Calving Orders Submitted to FTAI Protocol: Effects of Body Condition, Number of Progesterone Intravaginal Device Uses and Bull

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Lucas Balinhas Farias ◽  
Matheus Wrege Meireles Barbosa ◽  
Matheus Gomes Lopes ◽  
Gabriel Weizenmann Fernandes ◽  
Ana Laura Aita Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Category Type ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Reproductive Rates

The search for better reproductive rates in beef cattle breeding must consider some important issues, such as nutrition, health, animal category, type of reproductive technique, and selection of animals. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the body condition score (BCS), the number of uses of the intravaginal progesterone device and the effect of the bull on the gestation rate of lactating beef cows, with different calving orders, submitted to a fixed timed artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. In the study, 623 Aberdeen Angus cows were used, which were categorized into three groups according to the calving order: primiparous cows, second-parity cows, and multiparous cows. On day zero of the FTAI protocol, an evaluation of the BCS of the cows was performed, using progesterone intravaginal devices (IVD) for 9 days, starting from the D0 of the protocol both for used and new IVD. Semen from three different Aberdeen Angus breeders was used. Statistical analysis was made in the NCSS 7.0 software, using the Chi-square test and a significance value of p<0.05. The calving order influenced the pregnancy rate, with the category of primiparous cows having the lowest rates (p<0.05). The BCS and the number of uses of the IVD showed significance only in the primiparous category, in which animals with BCS equal or above 3.5 obtained a higher pregnancy rate, as well as animals with second-use IVD when compared to other groups (p <0.05). Therefore, primiparous cows presented a lower pregnancy rate when compared to the other categories, as well as the BCS and the number of uses of the IVD.

Effect of herbage allowance on productive and reproductive responses of primiparous beef cows grazing on Campos grassland

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Claramunt ◽  
Andrea Fernández-Foren ◽  
Pablo Soca
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Condition Score

The effects of two levels of herbage allowance (HA, kg DM/kg liveweight (LW)) on forage mass and chemical composition, cow body condition score, cow LW, stocking rate, productive and reproductive responses were evaluated during two consecutive years. Eighty primiparous spring-calving beef cows were allocated to a completely randomised block design of two HA that had an annual average of 2.5 (low) and 4.0 kg DM/kg LW (high) from –150 to 195 days postpartum. The grazing system was continuous, and the put-and-take method was employed to adjust HA. At 86 ± 12 days postpartum, all cows were submitted to calf suckling restrictions with nose plates (12 days) and dietary flushing (2 kg/cow.day of whole-rice bran for 22 days), 6 days before bull introduction. Forage mass was affected by HA (P = 0.004) and year (P = 0.014); the high HA had a greater forage mass than the low HA (1474 vs 1212 ± 86 kg DM/ha; P < 0.05), and Year 2 had a greater forage mass than Year 1 (1545 vs 1134 ± 78 kg DM/ha; P < 0.05). Stocking rate was affected by HA and season (P = 0.0004) interaction. The stocking rate during autumn and spring was greater in low than high HA, and no differences were identified in winter and summer. The body condition score was improved in high HA during autumn and resulted in a greater winter (mid-gestation) body condition score than the low HA without differences during spring-summer (postpartum). Cow LW was lower during autumn, winter and early postpartum (16 days postpartum) in low HA in Year 1 than high HA of Year 1 and high and low HA cows in Year 2. Furthermore, the probability of total pregnancies (0.88 vs 0.59 ± 0.07; P = 0.01) and the calf weight adjusted to 205 days (194 vs 175 ± 16 kg; P < 0.05) were greater in high HA. Calf weight adjusted to 205 days (Year 1: 192 vs Year 2: 177 ± 16 kg; P < 0.05) and survival curves of postpartum anoestrus (P = 0.01) were affected by year but did not affect the probability of conception, early or total pregnancies. In conclusion, the reproductive and productive responses of primiparous beef cows grazing Campos grasslands were improved in high HA and could contribute to alleviating adverse climatic conditions effects.

Metabolic and endocrine profiles of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland. 1. Relationships between body condition score at calving and metabolic profiles during the transition period

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Soca ◽  
M. Carriquiry ◽  
M. Claramun ◽  
V. Gestido ◽  
A. Meikle
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Condition Score

The body condition score (BCS) at calving has been postulated as the main factor in the interaction of nutrition and reproduction in beef-cow ecosystems. The objective of the present study was to analyse the effect of BCS at calving on endocrine and metabolic profiles during the transition period in primiparous Hereford cows (n = 56) grazing native grassland. Cow BCS was registered and plasma insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and metabolites (concentrations of urea, albumin, cholesterol, total protein, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)) were determined in plasma from –30 to +45 days postpartum (DPP). The effect of BCS at calving (low ≤3.5 and moderate ≥4; 1–8 visual scale) on BCS evolution and hormone and metabolite concentrations were analysed using a time repeated-measures analysis. Cow BCS, NEFA, urea and IGF-I profiles were affected (P < 0.05) by the BCS at calving and DPP interaction, while insulin tended (P = 0.06) to be affected only by BCS at calving. The low-BCS cows presented a smaller loss of BCS during the prepartum than did moderate-BCS cows, and a delayed BCS recovery during the postpartum. The increase in plasma NEFA was greater (P < 0.05) and started earlier during the prepartum period in the low-BCS cows. Protein concentrations increased during prepartum to +30 DPP, while albumin and urea concentrations were maintained until calving and decreased during the postpartum. Urea concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) during prepartum in low-BCS cows. Concentrations of IGF-I and insulin were greater (P < 0.05) in moderate- than low-BCS cows during prepartum, but did not differ between the groups after calving. No effects were observed in calf weight or milk production at +45 DPP. The association between BCS during prepartum and at calving with the endocrine and metabolic profiles (positive: insulin, IGF-I; negative: NEFA and urea) reflected a better nutritional status and plasticity to negative energy balance on moderate cows. This different endocrine milieu did not affect calf weight and/or milk production. In conclusion, the BCS at calving affected the metabolic and endocrine profile during the transition period of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland.

Impacts of body condition score at beginning of fixed-timed AI protocol and subsequent energy balance on ovarian structures, estrus expression, pregnancy rate and embryo size of Bos indicus beef cows

2022 ◽  
pp. 104823
Author(s):  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Renan Barbosa Lecciolli ◽  
Eduardo de Assis Lima ◽  
Raizza Fátima Abadia Tulux Rocha ◽  
Rafaela Nunes Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Embryo Size ◽  
Condition Score

Effects of supplementation and stocking rate on body condition and production parameters of multiparous beef cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Renquist ◽  
J. W. Oltjen ◽  
R. D. Sainz ◽  
J. M. Connor ◽  
C. C. Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Condition Score

AbstractFall-calving multiparous Angus × Hereford cows 3 to 10 years of age were stratified by age in a three by two factorial treatment arrangement to evaluate the efficacy of modifying stocking rate and supplementation strategy to manage cow body condition and production parameters over a 5-year study. Efficacy was evaluated quarterly in association with calving, breeding, weaning, and mid way between weaning and calving (i.e. in August). Three protein supplementation strategies (none, standard, strategic) were imposed across both a moderate (0·3 cows per ha) and a high (0·4 cows per ha) stocking rate. In the strategically supplemented group, protein supplement was provided to cows with a body condition score <5·5 at the quarterly evaluations. There was an effect of supplementation on pregnancy rate, which in combination with previously established culling practices resulted in different age profiles amongst supplementation strategies in years 2 to 5 (P < 0·01). Two statistical analyses were therefore conducted to dissociate the confounding effects of supplementation strategy and age. One model included the effect of stocking rate, supplementation strategy, production year, and all interactions; the second included the addition of age and its interactive effects. Stocking rate and supplementation strategy affected pregnancy rate in each of the models (P = 0·003 and P = 0·10, respectively). Standard, non-supplemented and strategically supplemented animals had estimated pregnancy rates of 0·83, 0·76, and 0·79, respectively (P = 0·10). The effects of nutrition on both calving interval and birth weight were independent of the model employed. Animals that were not supplemented had extended calving intervals (P = 0·06), but there was no effect of stocking rate (P > 0·10). Birth weight was not affected by supplementation strategy or stocking rate (P > 0·10). The lower 205-day weights of calves on a heavy compared with moderate stocking rate was independent of age (P = 0·02). However, the increased 205-day weight of calves born to strategically supplemented cows compared with those born to unsupplemented cows was only evident when data were not corrected for differences in age among groups (P = 0·03). Likewise, analyses of cow condition parameters using models without and with age resulted in different interpretations. These results suggest that strategic and standard supplementation result in similar animal performance and that the improvement in herd productivity associated with altering stocking rate and supplementation may partially be due to altered herd age dynamics.

Metabolic and endocrine profiles of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland. 2. Effects of body condition score at calving, type of suckling restriction and flushing on plasmatic and productive parameters

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 862 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Soca ◽  
M. Carriquiry ◽  
M. Claramunt ◽  
G. Ruprechter ◽  
A. Meikle
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Native Grassland ◽  
Endocrine Profiles ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Condition Score

The objective of the present experiment was to analyse the effect of body condition score (BCS) at calving, type of suckling restriction and flushing on metabolic and endocrine profiles, and productive and reproductive responses of primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland. Primiparous beef (n = 56) cows in anestrus classified by BCS at calving (low ≤3.5 and moderate ≥4; 1–8 visual scale) were assigned randomly to four treatments in a two by two factorial arrangement of type of suckling restriction and flushing. Type of suckling restriction started at 55 ± 10 days postpartum (DPP ± s.e.m.; Day 0 = initiation of the treatment) and consisted of applying nose plates to calves for 12 days (i.e. TS treatment) or 5 days of isolation of the cow–calf pair, followed by applying nose plates to calves for 7 days as calves were reunited with their mothers (i.e. IS treatment). Immediately after the suckling restriction treatments were finished, the breeding season started, and each cow received (flushing group) or not (control group) 2 kg/day (fresh basis) of whole-rice middling for 22 days. The BCS was superior in moderate-BCS cows through the experiment. The type of suckling restriction did not affect any plasma parameter, but insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations increased in all cows during suckling restriction. Cholesterol concentration was affected by flushing × day interaction (P < 0.05), while insulin and IGF-I concentrations were affected by the interaction among BCS at calving, flushing and days (P < 0.03). Flushing increased cholesterol concentration in both BCS groups at calving, while insulin and IGF-I concentrations increased during flushing only in moderate-BCS cows. Suckling restriction, flushing, and BCS at calving did not affect calf weight or milk production. Moderate BCS cows had a shorter postpartum anestrous interval (PPI) (98 vs 123 DPP; P < 0.01). Isolated type of suckling reduced postpartum anestrous interval when compared with TS treatment (97 vs 115 DPP, P < 0.05). Early pregnancy rate was greater in flushed than in control cows (0.8 vs 0.55, P < 0.01) and in moderate-BCS cows than in low-BCS cows (0.84 vs 0.46, P < 0.01). Total pregnancy rate was also greater in flushed and moderate cows and tended to be affected by the interaction between flushing and BCS at calving (P = 0.06; flushed cows: moderate = 1 vs low = 0.5, P < 0.08; and control cows: moderate = 0.8 vs low = 0.4, P < 0.09). These results confirmed the great value of suckling restriction and flushing during post-calving and relevance of BCS at calving as a link between energetic nutrition and metabolic and reproductive processes in primiparous beef cows grazing native grassland.

scholarly journals The use of insulin to improve fertility of timed-inseminated postpartum suckled beef cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1219-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Luiz Francisco Machado Pfeifer ◽  
Eduardo Schmitt ◽  
Ivan Bianchi ◽  
Marcelo Brandi Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of insulin alone or in association with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on the fertility of postpartum beef cows subjected to synchronization. A total of 340 cows was subjected to fixed time artificial insemination. In the trial 1, the cows were subjected to temporary weaning (TW), while in the trial 2 the same protocol was tested without TW. The addition of an insulin injection to a progesterone/eCG-based protocol without TW increased the pregnancy rate of beef cows with body condition score (BCS) equal to or lower than 2.5. Insulin had no effect on cows submitted to TW or with BCS equal to or higher than 3.0.

12 THE EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE CONTENT IN A VAGINAL INSERT ON PREGNANCY RATES IN BEEF AND DAIRY CATTLE INSEMINATED AT FIXED TIME

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
L. Cutaia ◽  
M. Aviles ◽  
F. Feresin ◽  
A. Franzoni ◽  
L. Peres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Chi Square Test

Three experiments were conducted to compare pregnancy rates in cows and heifers treated with intravaginal progesterone (P4)-releasing devices impregnated with either 0.5 or 1.0 g of P4 and inseminated at a fixed time (FTAI). In Experiment 1, 102 postpartum beef cows (Hereford and Angus crossbred with Tuli, 60 to 90 d postpartum) with a body condition score (BCS) of 2.5 to 3.0 (1 to 5 scale) were used. On Day 0, all cows received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB; Syntex, Argentina) i.m. and were randomly assigned to receive an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device with 0.5 g of P4 (DIB 0.5 g; Syntex) or 1.0 g of P4 (DIB 1.0 g; Syntex). On Day 7, DIB devices were removed and all cows received 150 µg D(+)cloprostenol (Ciclase; Syntex) i.m. On Day 8, all cows received 1 mg EB and were FTAI 52 to 56 h after DIB removal. In Experiment 2, 93 Holstein cows that were 90 to 110 days in milk (DIM), producing on average 5000 kg of milk per lactation and with a BCS of 2.5 to 3.0 received the same treatments as those in Experiment 1. In Experiment 3, 100 Holstein heifers, 20 to 22 months old, with a BCS of 2.5 to 3.0, also received the same treatments as those in Experiment 1. Pregnancy rates in all experiments were determined by ultrasonography 35 days after FTAI and compared by chi-square test. No differences in pregnancy rates were detected between lactating beef cows, dairy cows, or dairy heifers treated with DIB devices impregnated with 0.5 or 1.0 g of P4 (Table 1). It was concluded that vaginal P4 releasing devices impregnated with 0.5 g or 1.0 g of P4 results in comparable pregnancy rates in FTAI protocols in beef and dairy cattle. Table 1. Pregnancy rates in postpartum beef cows, Holstein cows, and Holstein heifers treated with DIB devices impregnated with 0.5 or 1.0 g of P4 and subjected to FTAI

scholarly journals Reproductive Diseases in Farmed Rabbit Does

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Joan Maria Rosell ◽  
Luis Fernando de la Fuente ◽  
María Teresa Carbajo ◽  
Xosé María Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Prospective Study

In this study, we determined the occurrence of reproductive diseases in does on 1373 visited farms in Spain and Portugal, between 1994 and 2019. The retrospective information obtained was entered in a database classified as follows: apparent infertility (≤70% pregnancy rate), abortions (≥2% of serviced does), high fetal death risk at parturition (≥10%) or dystocia, amongst others. Infertility was the reason for 181 visits. The median of prevalence of apparent infertility in these cases was 35% (minimum to maximum: 25–90%) and the mean, 37.4%. We performed a prospective study to determine risk factors at the individual and farm level, with a second database corresponding to 2014–2019. We carried out pregnancy checks, assessed sanitary status and body condition, and recorded the age of 17,297 rebred lactating does on 142 farms. The median size of the farms was 800 does, and the examined cohorts, 350 does. Predisposing risk factors for infertility were observed: e.g., mastitis had an effect. During the 5-year study, we made a third database with the results from 190,508 does palpated by producers in a subset of 134 farms. In this case, the median of the prevalence of apparent infertility was 14.5% (minimum to maximum: 4.1–50%), which could be considered baseline occurrence when monitoring the theriogenology of rabbit doe farms. Reproductive rhythm was an enabling risk factor: does serviced ≤25 d postpartum were less fertile than at ≥32 d. We made a database with the body condition score (BCS) on a linear scale from 1 (emaciated) to 9 (obese). The pregnancy rate (PR) of underweight and borderline does (4/9) was 73.1%. The PR of overweight and borderline does (6/9) was 82.6% and those classified with a mean BCS (5/9): PR = 79.3%. We may infer that the optimum BCS for reproduction is 6/9, rather than 5/9. Some changes in female rabbit health and husbandry to improve reproductive performance and welfare are highlighted.

scholarly journals Relation of Automated Body Condition Scoring System and Inline Biomarkers (Milk Yield, β-Hydroxybutyrate, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Progesterone in Milk) with Cow’s Pregnancy Success

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Mingaudas Urbutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Analyzer ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Body Condition Scoring

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relation of automatically determined body condition score (BCS) and inline biomarkers such as β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), milk yield (MY), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and progesterone (mP4) with the pregnancy success of cows. The cows (n = 281) had 2.1 ± 0.1. lactations on average, were 151.6 ± 0.06 days postpartum, and were once tested with “Easy scan” ultrasound (IMV imaging, Scotland) at 30–35 d post-insemination. According to their reproductive status, cows were grouped into two groups: non-pregnant (n = 194 or 69.0% of cows) and pregnant (n = 87 or 31.0% of cows). Data concerning their BCS, mP4, MY, BHB, and LDH were collected each day from the day of insemination for 7 days. The BCS was collected with body condition score camera (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden); mP4, MY, BHB, and LDH were collected with the fully automated real-time analyzer Herd Navigator™ (Lattec I/S, Hillerød, Denmark) in combination with a DeLaval milking robot (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden). Of all the biomarkers, three differences between groups were significant. The body condition score (BCS) of the pregnant cows was higher (+0.49 score), the milk yield (MY) was lower (−4.36 kg), and milk progesterone in pregnant cows was (+6.11 ng/mL) higher compared to the group of non-pregnant cows (p < 0.001). The pregnancy status of the cows was associated with their BCS assessment (p < 0.001). We estimated that cows with BCS > 3.2 were 22 times more likely to have reproductive success than cows with BCS ≤ 3.2.

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