Improving soil physical fertility and crop yield on a clay soil in Western Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hamza ◽  
W. K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Gypsum Application

In the low rainfall area of Western Australia, clay soils with massive soil structure form a major part of the area sown to wheat. Yield increases on such soils have been poor in the last decade compared with those on other soil types. An experiment was conducted over 4 years (1997–2000) using a factorial combination of soil ripping to 0.4 m, application of commercial grade gypsum at 2.5 t/ha, and addition of complete nutrients based on soil test each year. All crop residues were retained after harvest and returned to the soil. The experiment was conducted in a wheat–field pea rotation at Merredin, WA. Soil water infiltration rate, soil strength, bulk density, water-stable aggregates, cation exchange capacity, and wheat yields were measured. Grain yields of wheat and field peas were increased by deep ripping, the addition of gypsum, or the addition of complete nutrients in some years. The main treatment effects on yield were additive, as significant interactions between the treatments on yield were seldom found. However, all the main treatments also significantly improved many of the soil physical properties related to crop growth. In 2000, 4 years after the treatments were applied, soil water infiltration rate was increased by more than 200%, strength of the topsoil decreased by around 1600 kPa, and soil bulk density decreased by 20%. Gypsum application increased water-stable aggregates, but soil mixing caused by deep ripping reduced them. The combination of soil ripping and gypsum application in the presence of complete nutrients and annual return of crop residues to the soil is suggested to improve crop grain yield and soil physical fertility on a range of Western Australian soils.

Effect of combined soil water and external load on soil compaction

Soil Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hamza ◽  
S. S. Al-Adawi ◽  
K. A. Al-Hinai
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
External Load ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Strength ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

Reducing soil compaction is now an important issue in agriculture due to intensive use of farm machinery in different farm operations. This experiment was designed to study the influence of combinations of external load and soil water on soil compaction. Four soil water levels were combined with four external loads as follows: soil water—air-dry, 50% of field capacity, field capacity, and saturation; external load using different-sized tractors—no load (0 kg), small tractor (2638 kg), medium tractor (3912 kg), and large tractor (6964 kg). Soil bulk density, soil strength, and soil water infiltration rate were measured at 0–100, 100–200, and 200–300 mm soil depths. The 16 treatments were set up in a randomised block design with three replications. Combined increases in soil water and external load increased soil compaction, as indicated by increasing soil bulk density and soil strength and decreasing soil water infiltration rate. There was no significant interaction between soil water and external load for bulk density at all soil depths, but the interaction was significant for soil strength and infiltration rates at all soil depths. The ratio between the weight of the external load and the surface area of contact between the external load and the ground was important in determining the degree of surface soil compaction. Least compaction was produced by the medium tractor because it had the highest tyre/ground surface area contact. In general, the effects of soil water and external load on increasing soil bulk density and soil strength were greater in the topsoil than the subsoil.

Infiltration Characteristics of Soil Moisture in Liangping County

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Shu Yan ◽  
Juan Gao ◽  
Zhong Yuan Zhang ◽  
Feng Lin Zuo ◽  
Wei Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Relationship Of

In order to relieve water shortage, many countries develop water-saving industries and increase water use rate of irrigation. The research on soil water infiltration has important effect on infiltration and runoff, as well as for irrigation. The study carried out in Liangping district of Chongqing by using double ring infiltration method and exploring the reasonable infiltration model in the study area. The relationship of initial soil moisture and irrigation coefficient was studied as well. The results showed that: the Kostiakov empirical formula could simulate the process of soil water infiltration properly. The soil infiltration rate of Liangping is 0.0320cm/min in the selected location.

scholarly journals Water infiltration rate in the soil under different uses and covers in the Poxim River basin, Sergipe, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 321-339
Author(s):  
Lucas dos Santos Batista ◽  
Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho ◽  
Clayton Moura de Carvalho ◽  
Alceu Pedrotti ◽  
Igor Leonardo Nascimento Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

Watersheds are units of planning and environmental management having a great importance in the management of water resources and their use. To this end, knowledge about the soil's physical and water attributes is of paramount importance in the context of water dynamics in aquifer recharge areas. Water infiltration rate into the soil is considered an important variable in the hydrological cycle, as the increase in this process can lead to a reduction in erosion and consequently greater groundwater recharge. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the soil water infiltration rate in the phytophysiognomy of the Poxim River basin in the State of Sergipe, in the agriculture, eucalyptus and forest areas, and to observe the effect of the infiltration water rate in areas of no-till, minimum and conventional cultivation. The soil water infiltration rate was obtained through the use of double cylinder infiltrometer and estimated through the mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Horton and Philip. When making comparisons between the models for estimating of soil water infiltration rates, the Horton model showed a better fit compared to the other models used, and the type of soil cover that obtained the highest infiltration rate was the forest. No-till areas provided higher water infiltration rates in the soil, contributing to greater groundwater recharge.

scholarly journals Root mass may affect soil water infiltration more strongly than the incorporated residue

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Burhanuddin Rasyid ◽  
Hide Omae
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Residue Incorporation ◽  
Crop Residue Incorporation ◽  
The Relationship

Crop residue incorporation increases stable soil pores and soil water infiltration and reduces surface water runoff and soil erosion. However, few studies have examined the relationship between crop residue incorporation and water infiltration. A previous study showed that water infiltration increases depending on the quantity of applied wheat straw. In this study, we examined whether the relationship is applicable to different crop residues in a crop rotation. We grew corn, rose grass, and okra in crop rotation under plastic film houses and measured the water infiltration rate at the time of ridge making. A strong correlation was found between the quantity of applied residue and the soil water infiltration rate (r = 0.953), although there are outliers in the case of no prior crop. However, aboveground biomass of the prior crop showed a stronger correlation with water infiltration rate (r = 0.965), without outliers. Previous studies have revealed the exponential relation between plant root mass and soil erosion. Our data also show a positive relationship between resistance to erosion and root mass when assuming that aboveground biomass is proportional to the underground biomass. The result also showed that the effect of the prior crop root mass disappears within the next crop period. Our results indicate that maintaining a large root biomass is crucial for reducing soil erosion.

scholarly journals Water infiltration rate in Yellow Latosol under different soil management systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge L. X. L. Cunha ◽  
Maria E. H. Coelho ◽  
Abel W. de Albuquerque ◽  
Cicero A. Silva ◽  
Antônio B. da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACTThe management systems affect soil structure, causing changes in porosity that can influence soil water infiltration. In order to study the water infiltration rate in a Yellow Latosol under different tillage systems and different mathematical models, an experiment was conducted from October to December 2012, at the Center for Agricultural Sciences at the Federal University of Alagoas, using a randomized block design with five replicates, in a split-plot scheme. In the plots, the management systems were evaluated (conventional tillage, no-tillage and minimum tillage) and, in the sub-plots, the empirical mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis and Horton, and the ring method. The method used to measure soil water infiltration rate was adapted from the classic double-ring infiltrometer method. The minimum tillage system provided better results compared with the others, with water infiltration rate of 167 mm h-1, and the equation that best fitted the data of the ring infiltrometer was Kostiakov’s, in the no-tillage system.

scholarly journals Root mass may affect soil water infiltration more strongly than the incorporated residue

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1523
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Burhanuddin Rasyid ◽  
Hide Omae
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

This Brief Report includes a single-finding that is reported with descriptions of an unexpected observation. Crop residue incorporation increases stable soil pores and soil water infiltration, consequently, reduces surface water runoff and soil erosion. However, to our knowledge, quantitative studies for the relation between incorporated residue and infiltration rate has not been conducted. We examined the relationship between the quantity of crop residue of the prior crop and the water infiltration rate. We continuously grew corn (cleaning crop), rhodes grass, and okra under greenhouses. The water infiltration rate was measured on the ridge at similar soil moisture conditions, on the day incorporating the prior crop residue. A strong correlation was found between the quantity of inputted residue and the soil water infiltration rate ( r = 0.953); however, that of corn, had no prior crop, is the outlier. The outliner is nonnegligible because the infiltration rate per input residue is two fifth of other crops. By contrast, aboveground biomass of the prior crop showed a stronger correlation with water infiltration rate ( r = 0.965), without outliers. Previous studies have revealed the logarithmic relation between plant root mass and soil erosion resistance. Our data also show a positive relationship between resistance to erosion and root mass when assuming that the aboveground biomass is proportional to the underground biomass. The result also showed that the effect of the prior crop root mass disappears within the next crop period. This suggests that maintaining a large root mass is crucial for reducing soil erosion.

scholarly journals Root mass may affect soil water infiltration more strongly than the incorporated residue

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1523
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Burhanuddin Rasyid ◽  
Hide Omae
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

This Brief Report includes a single-finding that is reported with descriptions of an unexpected observation. Crop residue incorporation increases stable soil pores and soil water infiltration, consequently, reduces surface water runoff and soil erosion. However, to our knowledge, quantitative studies for the relation between incorporated residue and infiltration rate has not been conducted. We examined the relationship between the quantity of crop residue of the prior crop and the water infiltration rate. We continuously grew corn (cleaning crop), rhodes grass, and okra under greenhouses. The water infiltration rate was measured on the ridge at similar soil moisture conditions, on the day incorporating the prior crop residue. A correlation between the quantity of incorporated residue and the soil water infiltration rate was not constant; because, the infiltration rate per incorporated residue was irregularly low when it had no prior crop. By contrast, aboveground biomass of the prior crop showed a stronger correlation with water infiltration rate ( r = 0.965), without outliers. Furthermore, the correlation was weakened ( r = 0.872) by the treatment affected the soil moisture that affects the root mass. Previous studies have revealed the positive relation between plant root mass and soil erosion resistance. Our data also show a positive relationship between resistance to erosion and root mass when assuming that the aboveground biomass is proportional to the underground biomass. The result also showed that the effect of the prior crop root mass disappears within the next crop period. This suggests that maintaining a large root mass is crucial for reducing soil erosion.

Research on Soil Infiltration Law of Different Landues Types in Jinsha River Dry-Hot Valley

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3867-3871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Qin Liu ◽  
Nan Jun Lang ◽  
Ke Qin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
The Waste Land ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

This article takes four different slope lands as the experimental points in Jinsha River dry-hot volley. The double-rings method is adopted to illustrate the soil moisture infiltration characteristics in four different landuse types. The results show that different landues types have obvious differences in soil infiltration capability among four different patterns of landuse. Arbor forest behaved the best infiltration capability and wasteland the worst; the average infiltration and the steadily infiltration attains 1.67mm/min and 0.5mm/min respectively during the first 120min of soil water infiltration process in arbor forest; the rate of whatever the average infiltration or the steadily infiltration express the same regulation: the arbor forest is a little higher than the shrub land, the grassland, than the waste land; the moisture infiltration rate in different landuse types can all be thoroughly defined through the Horton equation; Water infiltration is affected by the soil bulk density. With the bulk density increasing, the steady infiltration rate decreases. And the two are at an exponential function.

scholarly journals Modeling of soil water infiltration with rainfall simulator in different agricultural systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais E. M. dos Santos ◽  
Edivan R. de Souza ◽  
Abelardo A. A. Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Tests ◽  
Mulch Cover

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare models for predicting soil water infiltration rate and erosive rates using a rainfall simulator in different systems of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation. The evaluated mathematical models were: Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Green-Ampt and Horton. Infiltration tests were carried out considering six treatments: bean cultivated on contour with rock barriers spaced at 0.5 m between crop rows (BC1); bean cultivated on contour with rock barriers spaced at 1.0 m between crop rows (BC2); bean cultivated downslope (BDS); bean cultivated on contour with mulch (BCM); bare soil (BS) and soil under natural cover (NC). Four replicates were considered, totaling 24 field tests. Kostiakov-Lewis's equation showed the lowest values of standard error. Soil water infiltration rate was equal to 53.3 mm h-1 in the natural vegetation treatment and to 9.49 mm h-1 in the downslope treatment. Surface roughness and the time of beginning of surface runoff were significantly higher for the conditions with mulch cover.

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