Cynara cardunculus L., a potential source of inulin in the Mediterranean environment: screening of genetic variability

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Raccuia ◽  
M. G. Melilli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Wild Cardoon

Cynara cardunculus L. is a diploid (2n = 34) outcrossing perennial species, native to the Mediterranean basin, comprising the globe artichoke, the cultivated cardoon, and the wild cardoon. These species have potential as biomass, sugar, and oilseed crops. This paper aimed to study the genetic variability for sugar production and sugar composition in the roots of different C. cardunculus L. genotypes, in order to select those suitable for this specific purpose in the Mediterranean environment. At harvest the total biomass and root production, averaged for all genotypes, were 20.4 and 9.8 t DM/ha; they were influenced by genotype, with a CV of 37.4 and 38.5%, respectively. On average for all of the genotypes, the roots showed a total sugar content of 367 g DM/kg, with a CV of 17.1%; the main compound was inulin (85.0% of total sugars). The wild cardoon ‘SR1’ showed the highest total sugar content (470 g/kg DM). On average for all of the genotypes, the total sugar and inulin yields were 3.6 ± 0.20 and 3.0 ± 0.16 t/ha, respectively. It was possible to obtain total sugar yields higher than 4 t/ha in 6 genotypes (‘BH’, ‘VP’, ‘E438’, ‘L01’, ‘C2’, ‘P1’) of the 15 studied.

scholarly journals Genetic variability among sorghum accessions for seed starch and stalk total sugar content

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abe Shegro Gerrano ◽  
Maryke Tine Labuschagne ◽  
Angeline van Biljon ◽  
Nemera Geleta Shargie
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Content

Mid and near Infrared Study of Carbohydrates by Canonical Correlation Analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Robert ◽  
M.F. Devaux ◽  
A. Qannari ◽  
M. Safar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra

Multivariate data treatments were applied to mid and near infrared spectra of glucose, fructose and sucrose solutions in order to specify near infrared frequencies that characterise each carbohydrate. As a first step, the mid and near infrared regions were separately studied by performing Principal Component Analyses. While glucose, fructose and sucrose could be clearly identified on the similarity maps derived from the mid infrared spectra, only the total sugar content of the solutions was observed when using the near infrared region. Characteristic wavelengths of the total sugar content were found at 2118, 2270 and 2324 nm. In a second step, the mid and near infrared regions were jointly studied by a Canonical Correlation Analysis. As the assignments of frequencies are generally well known in the mid infrared region, it should be useful to study the relationships between the two infrared regions. Thus, the canonical patterns obtained from the near infrared spectra revealed wavelengths that characterised each carbohydrate. The OH and CH combination bands were observed at: 2088 and 2332 nm for glucose, 2134 and 2252 nm for fructose, 2058 and 2278 nm for sucrose. Although a precise assignment of the near infrared bands to chemical groups within the molecules was not possible, the present work showed that near infrared spectra of carbohydrates presented specific features.

scholarly journals Measurement of Total Sugar Content of Residue from Bioenergy Pig Excreta in Marsh-Gas Sinks

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 9421-9422 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Peng ◽  
E.V. Davis ◽  
L.X. Wang ◽  
C.W. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Content

scholarly journals Nutritive value of tomatillo fruit (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Ostrzycka ◽  
Marcin Horbowicz ◽  
Włodzimierz Dobrzański ◽  
Leszek S. Jankiewicz ◽  
Jan Borkowski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
The Given

Tomatillo is widely cultivated in Mexico but is little known in other countries. The chemical composition of fruit from field grown plants was investigated during several vegetative seasons. Tomatillo contained a relatively high percentage of dry matter (7-10%) and extract (6.6-7.4%). Its potassium content was lower than that of tomato growing in the same conditions. The content of iron was higher, and that of other elements was comparable, depending on the conditions during the given year. The total sugar content amounted to 2.8-5.7%, depending on the selected population. The percentage of glucose and fructose decreased during ripening and that of saccharose increased. The content of pectic substances was similar as in tomato but the proportions of particular fractions was different. Tomatillo contained more acids than tomato, and showed an especially high citric and malic acid content. The latter decreased drastically during ripening. The content of oxalic acid was 11-18 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup> in ripe fruit and up to 54 mg in unripe. The vitamin C content depended on the selected population and amounted to 8-21 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup>, dehydroascorbic acid prevailing. The content of vitamin PP was 0.8-1.3 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup>.

Determination of Total Sugar Content in Soy-Based Drinks Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1986-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Machado Rech ◽  
Fábio Henrique Weiler ◽  
Marco Flôres Ferrão
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Content

Nachweis der Zucker in den Thylakoiden von Rhodospirillum rubrum und Rhodopseudomonas viridis

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Drews
Keyword(s):  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Rhodospirillum Rubrum ◽  
Purple Bacteria ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Viridis ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Structure Component ◽  
Phenol Water

The thylakoids (chromatophores) of the sulfur-free purple bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum contain 30% lipids soluble in methanol-chloroform, 46% protein, and 14% carbohydrates. 90% of the total sugar content was glucose, 4% fucose, 5% rhamnose. In the thylakoids of Rhodopseudomonas viridis 3,3% sugar was demonstrable (50% glucose, 17% galactose, 15% rhamnose and 17% mannose). 2-keto-3-desoxy-octonate is a structure component in both organisms. After treatment of thylakoids with phenol/water, the main sugar fraction was in the water phase, although in both organisms 3 to 4% of the protein fraction in the phenol phase consists of sugar.

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Cynara cardunculus L.

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Acquadro ◽  
Ezio Portis ◽  
David Lee ◽  
Paolo Donini ◽  
Sergio Lanteri
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enriched Library ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wild Cardoon

Cynara cardunculus L. is a species native to the Mediterranean basin that comprises 2 crops, globe artichoke (var. scolymus L.) and cultivated cardoon (var. altilis DC), as well as wild cardoon (var. sylvestris (Lamk) Fiori). Globe artichoke represents an important component of the South European agricultural economy but is also cultivated in North Africa, the Near East, South America, the United States, and China. Breeding activities and molecular marker studies have been, to date, extremely limited. Better knowledge of the genome of the species might be gained by developing a range of molecular markers. Here, we report on the development of 14 microsatellites (simple sequence repeats (SSRs)) through a novel approach that we have defined as the microsatellite amplified library (MAL). The approach represents a combination of amplified fragment length polymorphism and a primer extension based enriched library, is rapid, and requires no hybridization enrichment steps. The technique provided a ~40-fold increase in the efficiency of SSR identification compared with conventional library procedures. The developed SSRs were applied for genotyping 36 accessions of C. cardunculus, including a core of 27 varietal types of globe artichoke, 3 accessions of cultivated cardoon, and 6 Sicilian accessions of wild cardoon. Principal coordinates analysis made it possible to differentiate both cultivated and wild forms from each other.Key words: globe artichoke, wild and cultivated cardoon, molecular markers, AFLP, MAL (microsatellite amplified library).

Effect of shading during growth on the soluble sugar contents of short rotation ryegrass.

1961 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Melvin ◽  
MA Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Short Rotation

The effect of shading for 64 hours before cutting on the soluble sugar contents of short rotation ryegrass has been determined at weekly intervals during growth. From grass with five to six leaves emergent to the stage of growth usually accepted for hay-making, the average reduction in the total sugar content of the shaded plants was about 30 per cent, made up of decreases in sucrose (12 per cent), oligosaccharides (5 per cent) and fructosans (13 per cent).

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