Water requirements of tobacco grown under irrigation at Clare, North Queensland.

1953 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
WJ Lovett
Keyword(s):  
Early Growth ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Yield And Quality

An investigation of the water requirements of tobacco grown during the dry season (July–December) in the coastal areas of north Queensland was undertaken at Clare during the years 1948 and 1949. There were eight spray treatments in 1948 and four in 1949. Total amount of water applied per acre varied from 8 to 27.5 in. The best results were obtained with 1.0–1.5 acre-in. of water for plant establishment in the field, followed by a total of approximately 20 acre-in. during growth. Heavy applications retarded early growth and tended to affect yield, but not quality, adversely. With low watering, plants were stunted and failed to ripen satisfactorily, whereas highest rates were above the optimum for yield and quality.

Seagrass surveys in Shwe Thaung Yan coastal areas, the southern part of Rakhine Coastal Region, Myanmar: biodiversity, coverage and biomass

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Thu- Rein
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Seagrass Meadow ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Seagrass Coverage

Studies on percent cover and biomass of seagrasses from Shwe Thaung Yan coastal areas (Inn Din Gyi, Kyauk Nagar and Phoe Htaung Gyaing), the Southern parts of Rakhine Coastal Region, were carried out between March and August, 2018. A total of 8 species of seagrasses, namely Syringodiumisoetifolium (Ascherson) Danty, Halodulepinifolia (Miki) den Hartog, Haloduleuninervis (Forsskal) Ascherson, Cymodocearotundata Ehrenberg et Hemprich ex Ascherson, C. serrulata (R. Brown) Ascherson et Magnus, Thalassiahemprichii(Ehrenberg) Ascherson, Halophila major (Zoll.) Miquel and Enhalusacoroides (Linnaeus f.) Royle, were recorded in three study sites. Seagrass meadow in this study showed seasonal variations in both percent cover and biomass. Total seagrass coverage and biomass were higher in the dry season than in the monsoon season. Total seagrass coverage ranged between 8% and 75% in Phoe Htaung Gyaing, between 10% and 42% in Kyauk Nagar, and between 15% and 43% in Inn Din Gyi. Total seagrass mean biomass was 50.2413-259.846gdry.wtm-2 in Phoe Htaung Gyaing, 63.0194 -321.535gdry.wtm-2 in Kyauk Nagar, and 98.6819-416.237gdry.wtm-2 in Inn Din Gyi.

scholarly journals Exploring the Major Climate-smart Agricultural Practices for Dry Season Crop Production in Salinity Affected Fallow Land in the Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Awal
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Short Life Span ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Study Results

The landmasses of the coastal areas of Bangladesh still remains under-utilized, thus cropping intensity is much less than the national average. Most areas remain fallow during dry (rabi) season from December to May due to presence of higher concentration of salts in soil and water, and scarcity of suitable irrigation water. Available adaptation options or technologies are not capable to solve these problems at all. Nevertheless, the areas receive a lot of water from monsoon rain, most of that rainwater is drain-out as surface runoff. The present study results suggest that the use of harvested rainwater and conservation agriculture either in combination or alone could mitigate the problem for bringing huge areas under crop cultivation. The public social safety net programmes such as cash-for-work, food-for-work etc. can be deployed for excavating or re-excavating the abandoned coastal ponds, ditches or canals for storing rainwater. Salt-, drought- and/or heat-tolerant crop varieties with short life span can also be cultivated to get the better results. Early plantation or growing crops with early-maturing varieties can ensure safer harvest in ahead of stress arrives. The avenues have immense potential as climate-smart practices for growing crops preferably non-rice crops during dry season in vast fallow land that will not only ensure food security for coastal people but could turn the entire southern Bangladesh as a food surplus zone. The findings refer the broad recommendation, therefore, specific research works based on the locations and resources available are necessary.

Yield and quality of table beet in function of plant establishment method and production system

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
T.L. Factor ◽  
L.F.V. Purquerio ◽  
J.M. de C. Silveira ◽  
S. Lima ◽  
A.H. Calori
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Establishment Method

scholarly journals A Subregional Model of System Dynamics Research on Surface Water Resource Assessment for Paddy Rice Production under Climate Change in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tuu Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Van Pham Dang Tri ◽  
Seungdo Kim ◽  
Thuy Nguyen Phuong ◽  
Thuy Lam Mong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Dry Season

Effective water management plays an important role in socioeconomic development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). The impacts of climate change and human activities (that is, domestic consumption and industrial and agricultural activities) vary in different subregions of the delta. In order to provide intersectoral data for determining the significantly impacted subregions of the VMD, the present study simulated interactions between local climatic patterns, human activities, and water resources using a system dynamics modeling (SDM) approach with each subregion as an agent of the developed model. The average rainfall and temperature of 121 subregions in the VMD were collected during 1982–2012, and the future changes of climate by provinces were based on the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) by the end of 21st century. The assessment was based on the levels of impact of various factors, including (1) water consumption, (2) differences between evapotranspiration and rainfall, and (3) spatial distribution of salinity intrusion over the delta scale. In the coastal areas, as well as the central and upstream areas, water resources were projected to be affected by environmental changes, whereas the former, characterized by the lack of surface freshwater, would be affected at a greater scale during the dry season. Besides, the sea level rise would lead to an increase in negative impacts in the eastern coastal areas, suggesting that water-saving techniques should be applied not only for agriculture, but also for industry and domestic water consumption during the dry season. In addition, the south subregions (that is, the western subregions of the Hau River except for An Giang) were likely to be flooded due to the simulated high rainfall and seasonal rises of sea level during the wet season. Therefore, the alternative forms of settlement and livelihood should be considered toward balance management with changing delta dynamics.

scholarly journals The value of calcium nitrate and urea for main-crop potatoes and kale

1960 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
A. Penny ◽  
G. W. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Delayed Emergence ◽  
Crystalline Urea

1. Twenty-two experiments on main-crop potatoes in 1955–7 compared calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate applied to the seedbeds before planting. Urea was also tested in fifteen of the experiments in 1956–7. The three fertilizers were compared at rates that supplied 0·5, 1·Oand 1·5 cwt. N/acre.2. Seven experiments on kale in 1955–8 compared seedbed dressings of calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate. Urea “was also tested in. five of the experiments in 1956–8. The rates used were 0·6, 1·2 and 1·8 cwt. N/acre in 1955 and 1·0 and 2·0 cwt. N/acre subsequently. Single dressings applied to the seedbed were also compared with divided dressings applied partly to the seedbed and partly in mid-season.3. Generally the potatoes gave only small responses to N; there was no worthwhile gain from applying more than 1·0 cwt. N/acre in 1955 and 0·5 cwt. N in 1956 and 1957. Nitrogen gave much larger proportionate increases in yields of kale, at several of the centres crops continued to respond up to dressings of 2·0 cwt. N/acre.4. Calcium nitrate generally gave lower yields of potatoes than ammonium sulphate and the superiority of ammonium sulphate was greater with the higher dressings. Losses in yield with the nitrate were usually associated with a severe check to early growth occurring in dry springs and with dressings concentrated close to the seed, but lower yields were also obtained at some centres where early growth was not damaged. Calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate were roughly equivalent for kale when the nitrate did not damage germination; heavy seedbed dressings of the nitrate reduced kale plant numbers severely unless there was adequate rain after sowing.5. Granulated urea tested in 1956 contained 4·5% of biuret, it delayed emergence and reduced plant establishment seriously in several of the potato experiments; damage increased with the level of manuring and was accentuated when dressings were broadcast over furrows before hand-planting. Yields given by this batch of urea were less than with other N fertilizers and when 1·5 cwt. N/acre was applied they were less than with no nitrogen at all. Purer crystalline urea (having less than 1% of biuret) used in the 1957 experiments caused no damage to emergence of potatoes and gave yields similar to those obtained with ammonium sulphate. There were similar effects in the kale experiments; granulated urea containing much biuret damaged germination severely in 1956; the purer products containing little biuret used in later years reduced plant numbers at one centre in 1957 and at the single 1958 centre. Where there was no damage to the establishment of kale, urea and ammonium sulphate gave similar yields.6. Dressings applied partly to the seedbed and partly in mid-season gave slightly higher average yields of kale than an equivalent total amount of nitrogen all applied before sowing.

The production and management of Stylosanthes gracilis at Shika, Nigeria:II. In savanna grassland

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Haggar ◽  
P. N. De Leeuw ◽  
E. Agishi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Night Period

SUMMARYIn an 80 acres (32·4 ha) grazing trial carried out over a 2-year period significant increases in cattle live-weight gains were achieved following the oversowing of savanna grassland by 4 lb/acre (1·8 kg/ha) of Stylosanthes gracilis (stylo) seed. The beneficial effects of the stylo was particularly apparent during the early part of the dry season. The early growth and subsequent survival of the stylo was not outstanding.Better results were achieved in a second experiment where stylo was grown as a pure crop and ration-grazed in the dry season in association with unimproved savanna. The live-weight gain of cattle grazing the stylo only during the 12 h night period was the same as cattle receiving 1·8 lb (0·82 kg) whole cotton seed per day. In general, cattle live-weight gains were directly proportional to the time spent on the stylo.

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