Bos indicus and Bos taurus crossbred dairy cattle in Australia. IV.* Progeny testing and expected rate of genetic improvement

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
IR Franklin ◽  
RH Hayman ◽  
RO Hewetson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Tick Resistance

A dairy improvement program designed to develop a breed of cattle adapted to tropical environments is described. Each year young crossbred (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) bulls are screened for heat tolerance and tick resistance, and then progeny-tested in the herds of cooperating dairy farmers. Estimates of phenotypic and genetic means, variances and correlations are presented for production of milk and milk components, and the rate of genetic improvement is discussed. In particular the heritability of milk yield in the crossbred progeny is 0.27, and the theoretical rate of improvement is 2.6% per year. ____________________ *Part III, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 25: 1023 (1974).

scholarly journals Differential expression of microRNAs associated with thermal stress in Frieswal (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) crossbred dairy cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyanendra Singh Sengar ◽  
Rajib Deb ◽  
Umesh Singh ◽  
T. V. Raja ◽  
Rajiv Kant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Crossbred Dairy Cattle

scholarly journals Genome wide scan for quantitative trait loci affecting tick resistance in cattle (Bos taurus × Bos indicus)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Machado ◽  
Ana S Azevedo ◽  
Roberto L Teodoro ◽  
Maria A Pires ◽  
Maria CD Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Tick Resistance ◽  
Genome Wide Scan

Phenotypic and genetic parameters for milk yield in traditional Nublang cattle (Bos indicus) of Bhutan

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Jigme Dorji ◽  
Dhendup ◽  
Iona M. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

SummaryThe Nublang is a unique dual-purpose breed ofBos indicuscattle found in Bhutan. They have been crossed with Mithun (Bos frontalis) andBos taurusbreeds in an effort to improve milk production leading to a decline in the population of purebred Nublang. An alternative to crossbreeding would be the genetic improvement of milk yield within purebred Nublang, thus allowing conservation and sustainable utilization of the pure breed. It is important to measure the genetic variability (heritability) of milk yield to assess the potential for genetic improvement within Nublang. Therefore this study estimated phenotypic and genetic parameters of milk yield using 2 052 test day milk yields from 66 cows recorded from 1997 to 2013 in the National Nublang Farm, Tashiyangphu. The average daily milk yield (DMY) was 2.12 ± 0.7 litres (N 2 052, range: 0.3–5.0 L, CV: 34 percent). Parity, month in milk and year all had a significant effect on DMY (P< 0.05). The average lactation milk yield (LMY) was 519.2 ± 151 L (N: 261, range: 115–881.7, CV: 29.1 percent) and average lactation length was 239 days. LMY was significantly influenced by parity (P< 0.05) and season of calving. The heritability of DMY and LMY was 0.22 ± 0.16 and 0.13 ± 0.20, respectively. The repeatability estimates were 0.45 ± 0.05 and 0.49 ± 0.08 for DMY and LMY, respectively. Overall the heritability and repeatability estimates of milk yields indicate potential for genetic improvement of milk yield in Nublang cattle through selection. However, it is recommended that a larger dataset is generated to enable more precise estimates of genetic parameters.

Bos indicus and Bos taurus crossbred dairy cattle in Australia. II. Effect of calf removal and prolactin treatment

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Filial Generation ◽  
Maternal Instinct ◽  
Calf Removal

Some 70 % of filial generation Red Sindhi x Jersey and Sahiwal x Jersey crossbred animals were discarded from the dairy herd on the F. D. McMaster Field Station, CSIRO, because of failure to continue in lactation when separated from their calves. This well-known characteristic of Bos indicus cattle, generally referred to as 'maternal instinct,' has been assumed to emanate from the dam's sense of loss on separation from her offspring. Observations on animals in the Field Station herd suggested that this separation causes the dam to cease producing secretory hormones with consequent cessation of lactation. Two systems of management, in one of which the calf was separated from its dam within 24 hr of birth while in the other the dam and offspring were allowed to run together for 10 days, both failed to overcome the problem. Injections of oxytocin after separation were also unsuccessful. Some success was obtained by daily injections of 250 i.u. of prolactin for the 10 days immediately following the separation of dam and offspring, and it was concluded that the presence of the calf stimulated prolactin secretion by the pituitary. Continuation of injections over a period of 7-10 days enabled some animals to continue their lactation without the stimulation afforded by the calf.

Biotechnologies of reproduction applied to dairy cattle production: Embryo transfer and IVF

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bousquet ◽  
E. B. Burnside ◽  
B. J. Van Doormaal
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Highly Correlated

The objective of this paper is to review the utilization and outcome of reproductive biotechnologies in dairy cattle. Embryo transfer and IVF have their respective limits that influence their impact on a genetic improvement program. Embryo transfer is efficient and profitable in an artificial insemination breeding and selection program and IVF has great potential. Development of markers highly correlated with various economic traits will progressively be added to the present schemes to make them even more powerful. Key words: Reproductive technologies, embryo transfer, IVF, dairy cows, genetic

scholarly journals Characterization of the poll allele in Brahman cattle using long-read Oxford Nanopore sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison J Lamb ◽  
Elizabeth M Ross ◽  
Loan T Nguyen ◽  
Russell E Lyons ◽  
Stephen S Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Copy Number Variant ◽  
Causative Mutation ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
Long Read

Abstract Brahman cattle (Bos indicus) are well adapted to thrive in tropical environments. Since their introduction to Australia in 1933, Brahman’s ability to grow and reproduce on marginal lands has proven their value in the tropical beef industry. The poll phenotype, which describes the absence of horns, has become desirable in the cattle industry for animal welfare and handler safety concerns. The poll locus has been mapped to chromosome one. Four alleles, each a copy number variant, have been reported across this locus in B. indicus and Bos taurus. However, the causative mutation in Brahman cattle has not been fully characterized. Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ minION sequencer was used to sequence four homozygous poll (PcPc), four homozygous horned (pp), and three heterozygous (Pcp) Brahmans to characterize the poll allele in Brahman cattle. A total of 98 Gb were sequenced and an average coverage of 3.33X was achieved. Read N50 scores ranged from 9.9 to 19 kb. Examination of the mapped reads across the poll locus revealed insertions approximately 200 bp in length in the poll animals that were absent in the horned animals. These results are consistent with the Celtic poll allele, a 212-bp duplication that replaces 10 bp. This provides direct evidence that the Celtic poll allele is segregating in the Australian Brahman population.

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